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German Student Dictionary — Part 26
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: für – Gardinen.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
für — for
Always governs Akkusativ. Fixed phrase bundled in the dictionary: für sich = "by oneself/to itself."
Dieses Geschenk ist für dich.
This present is for you.
für = for (always + Akkusativ) · das Geschenk, -e = present/gift. "Dich" is Akkusativ (informal "you"). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "fur."
furchtbar — awful
Regular predicate adjective. Related to the noun "die Furcht" (fear) and the reflexive verb "sich fürchten" (to be afraid) — see both below.
Das Geräusch in der Fabrik ist furchtbar.
The noise in the factory is awful.
das Geräusch, -e = noise · die Fabrik, -en = factory. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Gerausch"/"1st."
sich fürchten — to fear; to be afraid
Reflexive verb, almost always paired with "vor + Dativ" = to be afraid of. Present tense: ich fürchte mich, du fürchtest dich, er/sie fürchtet sich, wir fürchten uns, ihr fürchtet euch, sie fürchten sich.
Er fürchtet sich vor Spinnen.
He is afraid of spiders.
sich fürchten vor + Dativ = to be afraid of · die Spinne, -n = spider. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "fiirchten"/"furchtet."
Fürchtest du dich vor großen Höhen?
Are you afraid of heights?
groß = big/great · die Höhe, -n = height. "Fürchtest...dich" — informal du-form reflexive, with "dich" separated from the verb in this question word order. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "groBen Hohen."
die Furcht — fear
Abstract noun — no common plural (like "die Liebe"), so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. Related reflexive verb: sich fürchten (vor + Dativ) = to be afraid of, see the entry above.
Nom Die Furcht vor Spinnen ist weit verbreitet.
The fear of spiders is widespread.
die Furcht (feminin) = fear · weit verbreitet = widespread. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Furcht is the subject.
Akk Er überwindet die Furcht.
He overcomes the fear.
überwinden = to overcome. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ look identical; Furcht is the direct object of "überwindet" here.
Dat Sie entkommt der Furcht nicht.
She cannot escape the fear.
entkommen + Dativ = to escape. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
furchterregend — frightening
Built from "die Furcht" (fear) + "erregen" (to arouse/trigger) — literally "fear-triggering."
Glaubst du, dass Gespenster furchterregend sind?
Do you think that ghosts are frightening?
glauben = to believe/think · das Gespenst, -er = ghost. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "dafi" (dass).
der Fuß — foot
Plural: die Füße. Fixed phrase bundled in the dictionary: zu Fuß = "on foot," as in "Wir gehen zu Fuß zur Schule" (We walk to school). Two compounds bundled in the same entry get their own headings just below: der Fußnagel (toenail) and der Tierfuß (animal foot/paw).
Nom Der Fuß tut sehr weh.
The foot hurts a lot.
der Fuß (maskulin) = foot · wehtun = to hurt. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Fuß is the subject.
Akk Der Arzt untersucht den Fuß.
The doctor examines the foot.
der Arzt, ä-e = doctor · untersuchen = to examine. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Fuß is the direct object.
Dat Sie stehen auf dem Fuß!
You are stepping on the foot!
stehen auf + Dativ (fixed location) = to stand on. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem). Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Sie stehen auf meinem Fuß!" — You are stepping on my foot!) by swapping the possessive for the definite article.
Nom Ein Fuß ist größer als der andere.
One foot is bigger than the other.
größer = bigger · der andere = the other (one). "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Er hat sich einen Fuß gebrochen.
He broke a foot.
sich etwas brechen = to break a body part of one's own (Dativ reflexive + Akkusativ object). "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Diese Schuhe tun den Füßen weh.
These shoes make the feet hurt.
der Schuh, -e = shoe. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Füße adds "-n" (Füße → Füßen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s. Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Diese Schuhe tun meinen Füßen weh" — These shoes make my feet hurt) by swapping the possessive for the definite article.
der Fußnagel — toenail
Plural: die Fußnägel (umlaut, no suffix — like "der Nagel" → "die Nägel"). Built from "der Fuß" (foot) + "der Nagel" (nail), bundled in the dictionary's "Fuß" entry.
Nom Der Fußnagel ist eingewachsen.
The toenail is ingrown.
der Fußnagel (maskulin) = toenail · eingewachsen = ingrown. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Fußnagel is the subject.
Akk Sie schneidet den Fußnagel vorsichtig.
She cuts the toenail carefully.
schneiden = to cut · vorsichtig = carefully. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Fußnagel is the direct object.
Dat Der rote Lack haftet gut an dem Fußnagel.
The red polish sticks well to the toenail.
der Lack, -e = polish/lacquer · haften an + Dativ = to stick to. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Fußnagel ist abgebrochen.
A toenail has broken off.
abbrechen = to break off. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Arzt behandelt einen entzündeten Fußnagel.
The doctor treats an inflamed toenail.
behandeln = to treat · entzündet = inflamed. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat An den Fußnägeln trägt sie roten Lack.
She wears red polish on her toenails.
tragen = to wear. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Fußnägel adds "-n" (Fußnägel → Fußnägeln) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Tierfuß — animal foot; paw
Plural: die Tierfüße (umlaut + -e, same pattern as "der Fuß" → "die Füße"). Built from "das Tier" (animal) + "der Fuß" (foot), bundled in the dictionary's "Fuß" entry.
Nom Der Tierfuß hat vier Zehen.
The animal's paw has four toes.
der Tierfuß (maskulin) = animal foot/paw · die Zehe, -n = toe. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Tierfuß is the subject.
Akk Der Tierarzt untersucht den Tierfuß.
The vet examines the animal's paw.
der Tierarzt, ä-e = veterinarian · untersuchen = to examine. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Tierfuß is the direct object.
Dat An dem Tierfuß klebt Schlamm.
Mud is sticking to the paw.
kleben an + Dativ = to stick to · der Schlamm = mud. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Tierfuß ist verletzt.
An animal's paw is injured.
verletzt = injured. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Tierarzt bandagiert einen Tierfuß.
The vet bandages an animal's paw.
bandagieren = to bandage. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat An den Tierfüßen erkennt der Biologe die Art.
The biologist identifies the species by the animals' paws.
erkennen an + Dativ = to identify/recognize by · der Biologe, -n (schwach) = biologist · die Art, -en = species. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Tierfüße adds "-n" (Tierfüße → Tierfüßen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Fußball — football (soccer)
Plural: die Fußbälle. Built from "der Fuß" (foot) + "der Ball" (ball) — names both the ball itself and the sport. Related items bundled in the same dictionary entry: amerikanischer Fußball = American football, and the fixed phrase Fußball spielen = to play soccer. The distinct compound "das Fußballspiel" (a single soccer match) gets its own entry just below.
Nom Der Fußball wird in den USA immer beliebter.
Football is becoming increasingly popular in the U.S.
der Fußball (maskulin) = football/soccer · beliebt = popular. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Fußball is the subject. Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Fußball wird in den U.S.A. beliebt" — Soccer is becoming popular in the U.S.) by adding the definite article.
Akk Wir sehen den Fußball auf dem Rasen.
We see the football on the lawn.
sehen = to see · der Rasen, - = lawn. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Fußball is the direct object.
Dat Der Spieler tritt mit dem Fußball.
The player kicks the football.
der Spieler, - = player · treten mit + Dativ = to kick with. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Fußball rollt über das Feld.
A football rolls across the field.
rollen = to roll · das Feld, -er = field. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Mein Bruder hat einen neuen Fußball.
My brother has a new football.
der Bruder, ü- = brother · neu = new. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Die Kinder spielen mit den Fußbällen im Park.
The children play with the footballs in the park.
der Park, -s = park. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Fußbälle adds "-n" (Fußbälle → Fußbällen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
das Fußballspiel — soccer match; soccer game
Plural: die Fußballspiele. Built from "der Fußball" (soccer, the sport/ball) + "das Spiel" (game) — names a single match, distinct from "der Fußball" itself, which names the sport or the ball.
Nom Das Fußballspiel beginnt um drei Uhr.
The soccer match starts at three o'clock.
das Fußballspiel (neutral) = soccer match · beginnen = to begin. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Fußballspiel is the subject.
Akk Wir sehen uns das Fußballspiel im Fernsehen an.
We watch the soccer match on TV.
sich etwas ansehen = to watch/look at (separable) · das Fernsehen = television. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Nach dem Fußballspiel gehen wir essen.
After the soccer match we go eat.
nach + Dativ = after. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein Fußballspiel dauert neunzig Minuten.
A soccer match lasts ninety minutes.
dauern = to last · die Minute, -n = minute. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Die Schule organisiert ein Fußballspiel.
The school organizes a soccer match.
die Schule, -n = school · organisieren = to organize. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Bei den Fußballspielen singen die Fans laut.
At the soccer matches the fans sing loudly.
bei + Dativ = at · der Fan, -s = fan · laut = loudly. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Fußballspiele adds "-n" (Fußballspiele → Fußballspielen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Fußboden — floor
Plural: die Fußböden (umlaut, already ends in -n — like "der Boden" → "die Böden"). Built from "der Fuß" (foot) + "der Boden" (ground/bottom) — a more specific word for "floor" than "der Boden" alone, which can also mean "bottom" or "ground" more generally.
Nom Der Fußboden ist aus Holz.
The floor is made of wood.
der Fußboden (maskulin) = floor · das Holz = wood. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Fußboden is the subject.
Akk Ich werde den Fußboden kehren.
I am going to sweep the floor.
kehren = to sweep. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Fußboden is the direct object. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "FuJ3boden"/"7am."
Dat Das Kind spielt auf dem Fußboden.
The child plays on the floor.
spielen = to play · auf + Dativ (fixed location) = on. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Fußboden aus Marmor glänzt.
A marble floor gleams.
der Marmor = marble · glänzen = to gleam/shine. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir legen einen neuen Fußboden.
We are laying a new floor.
legen = to lay. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Handwerker arbeitet an den Fußböden im ganzen Haus.
The craftsman works on the floors throughout the house.
der Handwerker, - = craftsman · arbeiten an + Dativ = to work on. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Fußböden already ends in "-n" (from its own umlaut plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Gabel — fork
Plural: die Gabeln. The dictionary's own example was originally plural ("Hast du die Messer und Gabeln hingelegt?" — Did you put out the knives and forks?); adapted to singular for the Akkusativ example below.
Nom Die Gabel liegt auf dem Tisch.
The fork lies on the table.
die Gabel (feminin) = fork · liegen = to lie · der Tisch, -e = table. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gabel is the subject.
Akk Hast du die Gabel hingelegt?
Did you put out the fork?
hinlegen = to lay/put down (separable). "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ look identical; Gabel is the direct object here. Adapted from the dictionary's own example (originally plural, "die Messer und Gabeln") to show the singular Akkusativ.
Dat Er isst mit der Gabel.
He eats with the fork.
essen = to eat · mit + Dativ = with. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Gabel fehlt noch.
A fork is still missing.
fehlen = to be missing · noch = still. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Sie nimmt eine Gabel aus der Schublade.
She takes a fork from the drawer.
nehmen = to take · die Schublade, -n = drawer. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Wir decken den Tisch mit den neuen Gabeln.
We set the table with the new forks.
decken = to cover/set (a table). Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gabeln already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Gans — goose
Plural: die Gänse (umlaut).
Nom Die Gans ist weiß.
The goose is white.
die Gans (feminin) = goose · weiß = white. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gans is the subject. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "weiB."
Akk Der Bauer füttert die Gans.
The farmer feeds the goose.
der Bauer, -n (schwach) = farmer · füttern = to feed. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ look identical; Gans is the direct object here.
Dat Wir geben der Gans Brot.
We give the goose bread.
geben = to give (+ Dativ for the recipient) · das Brot, -e = bread. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Gans watschelt über den Hof.
A goose waddles across the yard.
watscheln = to waddle · der Hof, ö-e = yard. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Er kauft eine Gans für Weihnachten.
He buys a goose for Christmas.
kaufen = to buy · Weihnachten = Christmas. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Kinder laufen den Gänsen hinterher.
The children run after the geese.
hinterherlaufen + Dativ = to run after (separable). Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gänse adds "-n" (Gänse → Gänsen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
das Gänseblümchen — daisy
Plural: die Gänseblümchen (unchanged, like all "-chen" diminutives). Built from "die Gans" (goose) + "die Blume" (flower) + "-chen" — literally "little goose-flower."
Nom Das Gänseblümchen blüht im Frühling.
The daisy blooms in the spring.
das Gänseblümchen (neutral) = daisy · blühen = to bloom · der Frühling = spring. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gänseblümchen is the subject. Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Die Gänseblümchen blühen im Frühling" — Daisies bloom in the spring), singularized to show the definite article.
Akk Sie pflückt das Gänseblümchen.
She picks the daisy.
pflücken = to pick. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Die Biene fliegt zu dem Gänseblümchen.
The bee flies to the daisy.
die Biene, -n = bee · zu + Dativ = to. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein Gänseblümchen wächst im Gras.
A daisy grows in the grass.
wachsen = to grow · das Gras = grass. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Das Kind pflückt ein Gänseblümchen.
The child picks a daisy.
das Kind, -er = child. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Die Wiese ist voll mit den Gänseblümchen.
The meadow is full of daisies.
die Wiese, -n = meadow · voll mit + Dativ = full of. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gänseblümchen already ends in "-n," so no further "-n" is added — the same pattern as other "-chen" diminutives.
ganz — entire; completely
Used both as an adjective (entire) and an adverb (completely) — see also "ganze, -r, -s" just below, the attributive declined form. Fixed phrase bundled in the dictionary: ganz egal! = "no matter!"
Unsere ganze Familie ist am Feiertag zu Hause.
Our entire family is home for the holiday.
die Familie, -n = family · der Feiertag, -e = holiday. Adjective use: "ganze" agrees with feminin Nominativ "Familie." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ich habe die Anweisungen ganz gelesen.
I read the instructions completely.
die Anweisung, -en = instruction · lesen = to read. Adverb use: "ganz" here means "completely" and takes no ending. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
ganze, -r, -s — whole
The attributive declined form of "ganz" (see above) — takes regular adjective endings matching the gender/case of the noun it describes: der ganze, die ganze, das ganze; einen ganzen (maskulin Akkusativ), and so on.
Er wird einen ganzen Monat bei uns bleiben.
He is going to stay with us a whole month.
der Monat, -e = month · bleiben = to stay. "-en" ending — maskulin Akkusativ after "einen." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "ganz en."
die Garage — garage
Plural: die Garagen.
Nom Die Garage ist sehr groß.
The garage is very big.
die Garage (feminin) = garage · groß = big. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Garage is the subject.
Akk Wir bauen die Garage um.
We are remodeling the garage.
umbauen = to remodel/rebuild (separable). "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ look identical; Garage is the direct object here.
Dat Vati parkt den Wagen in der Garage.
Dad is parking the car in the garage.
der Vati, -s = dad · parken = to park · der Wagen, - = car · in + Dativ (fixed location) = in. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Nom Eine Garage steht neben dem Haus.
A garage stands next to the house.
stehen = to stand · neben + Dativ (fixed location) = next to. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Sie mieten eine Garage.
They rent a garage.
mieten = to rent. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Autos stehen in den Garagen.
The cars are in the garages.
das Auto, -s = car. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Garagen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Gardinen — curtains
Given directly as a plural headword in the dictionary — no singular "die Gardine" form appears in the source — and typically discussed in the plural, like "die Eltern."
Nom Die Gardinen sind neu.
The curtains are new.
die Gardinen (Pl.) = curtains · neu = new. "Die" — Nominativ plural, the article used for every gender in the plural.
Akk Frau Schmidt hängt die neuen Gardinen auf.
Mrs. Schmidt is hanging up the new curtains.
aufhängen = to hang up (separable). "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ plural — the article never distinguishes Nominativ from Akkusativ in the plural. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "hangt" and given the definite article.
Dat Er befestigt Haken an den Gardinen.
He attaches hooks to the curtains.
befestigen = to attach/fasten · der Haken, - = hook · an + Dativ (fixed location) = to/on. "Den" — Dativ plural always uses this article, regardless of gender; Gardinen already ends in "-n," so no further ending is added.