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German Student Dictionary — Part 34
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Hauptstraße – Heimat.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
die Hauptstraße — highway; main street
Plural: die Hauptstraßen. Compound of "Haupt-" (main/chief) + "die Straße" (street) — literally "main street"; used for a town's primary road, not a numbered Autobahn. Corrected from the OCR-garbled headword "Hauptstratie" and the example's "HauptstraBe" (both misreadings of "Hauptstraße" — the source repeatedly scans "ß" as "B").
Nom Die Hauptstraße ist heute gesperrt.
The main street is closed today.
die Hauptstraße (feminin) = main street · gesperrt = closed off. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hauptstraße is the subject.
Akk Die Stadt saniert die Hauptstraße.
The city is renovating the main street.
sanieren = to renovate/redevelop. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Hauptstraße is the direct object here.
Dat Die Kirche liegt an der Hauptstraße.
The church is on the main street.
die Kirche, -n = church · liegen an (+ Dativ) = to be located on. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "an." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "HauptstraBe."
Nom Eine breite Hauptstraße führt durch die Stadt.
A wide main street runs through the town.
breit = wide · führen durch = to run/lead through. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Wir überqueren eine belebte Hauptstraße.
We cross a busy main street.
überqueren = to cross · belebt = busy/lively. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Touristen verlaufen sich oft in den engen Hauptstraßen der Altstadt.
Tourists often get lost on the narrow main streets of the old town.
sich verlaufen = to get lost · eng = narrow · die Altstadt, ä-e = old town. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hauptstraßen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
das Haus — house
Plural: die Häuser (umlaut + -er). This paragraph bundles several fixed idioms built from Haus: im Haus = indoors (used in the Dativ example below), zu Hause = at home (an old fixed Dativ form that no longer declines — the dictionary's own example: "Fühlen Sie sich wie zu Hause" = "Make yourself at home"), nach Hause kommen = to come home, and das Haus in Ordnung bringen = to do housework (literally "to bring the house into order").
Nom Das Haus liegt am Stadtrand.
The house is at the edge of town.
das Haus (neutrum) = house · der Stadtrand, ä-er = edge of town. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ. Haus is the subject.
Akk Wir kaufen das Haus.
We are buying the house.
kaufen = to buy. "Das" stays "das" — neutrum Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Haus is the direct object here.
Dat Wenn das Wetter schlecht ist, bleiben wir in dem Haus.
When the weather is bad, we stay indoors.
das Wetter = weather · bleiben = to stay. "Im" (in dem) — neutrum Dativ (das → dem) after "in." The dictionary's own example, which wrote this as the contraction "im Haus."
Nom Ein Haus steht am Waldrand.
A house stands at the edge of the forest.
der Waldrand, ä-er = edge of the forest. "Ein" — no ending before neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Sie haben ein großes Haus mit zwölf Zimmern.
They have a big house with twelve rooms.
groß = big · das Zimmer, - = room. "Ein" stays unchanged — neutrum Akkusativ indefinite (ein → ein), unlike the maskulin ein → einen shift. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "groBes" and "zwolf."
Dat Die Kinder spielen in den Häusern der Nachbarschaft.
The children play in the houses of the neighborhood.
die Nachbarschaft, -en = neighborhood. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" regardless of gender, and the noun adds "-n" (Häuser → Häusern) unless it already ends in -n or -s.
die Hausaufgaben — homework
Plural-only noun in everyday use — German normally talks about "homework" with the plural "die Hausaufgaben," though the singular "die Hausaufgabe" does exist for one individual assignment (e.g. "eine Hausaufgabe vergessen" = to forget one homework assignment). Built from "das Haus" (house) + "die Aufgabe" (task) — literally "house task."
Nom Die Hausaufgaben sind heute besonders schwer.
The homework is especially hard today.
die Hausaufgaben (Pl.) = homework · schwer = hard/difficult. "Die" — Nominativ plural, the article used for every gender in the plural.
Akk Wir machen die Hausaufgaben.
We are doing our homework.
machen = to do/make. "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ plural — the article never distinguishes Nominativ from Akkusativ in the plural. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the possessive "unsere" instead of "die."
Dat Der Lehrer hilft den Schülern bei den Hausaufgaben.
The teacher helps the students with the homework.
helfen bei (+ Dativ) = to help with · der Schüler, - = student. "Den" — Dativ plural always uses this article, regardless of gender; Hausaufgaben already ends in "-n," so no further ending is added.
der Hausschuh — slipper
Plural: die Hausschuhe (regular -e, like "der Schuh, -e"). Built from "das Haus" (house) + "der Schuh" (shoe) — literally "house shoe," i.e. an indoor shoe.
Nom Der Hausschuh liegt unter dem Bett.
The slipper is lying under the bed.
der Hausschuh (maskulin) = slipper · das Bett, -en = bed. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hausschuh is the subject.
Akk Ich suche den linken Hausschuh.
I'm looking for the left slipper.
suchen = to look for · links = left. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Hausschuh is the direct object.
Dat Die Katze schläft in dem warmen Hausschuh.
The cat is sleeping in the warm slipper.
schlafen = to sleep. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" (static location).
Nom Ein Hausschuh ist unter dem Sofa verschwunden.
A slipper has disappeared under the sofa.
verschwinden = to disappear · das Sofa, -s = sofa. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same pattern as "der."
Akk Er verliert einen Hausschuh im Schnee.
He loses a slipper in the snow.
verlieren = to lose · der Schnee = snow. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Zu Hause läuft Großmutter am liebsten in den bequemen Hausschuhen.
At home, Grandma likes best to walk around in the comfy slippers.
laufen in (+ Dativ) = to walk around in (wearing) · bequem = comfortable. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Hausschuh adds "-n" (Hausschuhe → Hausschuhen) since the plural already ends in -e. Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Großmutter trägt zu Hause ihre Hausschuhe"), changed from the Akkusativ verb "trägt" to a Dativ construction so it fits the plural drill.
das Haustier — pet
Plural: die Haustiere. Built from "das Haus" (house) + "das Tier" (animal) — literally "house animal," i.e. a pet. The dictionary's own example is a question with no article at all ("Hast du einen Hund als Haustier?" = "Do you have a dog as a pet?") — "als" + a bare noun never takes an article, so it doesn't slot into the drills below; all six are built fresh instead.
Nom Das Haustier braucht täglich Aufmerksamkeit.
The pet needs attention every day.
das Haustier (neutrum) = pet · die Aufmerksamkeit = attention. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ. Haustier is the subject.
Akk Die Familie füttert das Haustier jeden Abend.
The family feeds the pet every evening.
füttern = to feed. "Das" stays "das" — neutrum Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Haustier is the direct object here.
Dat Der Tierarzt gibt dem Haustier eine Spritze.
The vet gives the pet a shot.
der Tierarzt, ä-e = vet · die Spritze, -n = shot/injection. "Dem" because neutrum Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein Haustier braucht viel Pflege.
A pet needs a lot of care.
die Pflege = care. "Ein" — no ending before neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Er möchte sich ein kleines Haustier anschaffen.
He wants to get a small pet.
sich anschaffen = to get/acquire (for oneself). "Ein" stays unchanged — neutrum Akkusativ indefinite (ein → ein), unlike the maskulin ein → einen shift.
Dat Der Tierarzt hilft den kranken Haustieren.
The vet helps the sick pets.
helfen (+ Dativ) = to help · krank = sick. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" regardless of gender, and the noun adds "-n" (Haustiere → Haustieren) unless it already ends in -n or -s.
die Haut — skin
Plural: die Häute (umlaut + -e, like "die Braut, Bräute") — rare in the "skin" sense, more common when talking about animal hides, as in the Dativ example below.
Nom Die Haut ist sehr empfindlich.
The skin is very sensitive.
die Haut (feminin) = skin · empfindlich = sensitive. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Haut is the subject.
Akk Die Sonne reizt die empfindliche Haut.
The sun irritates the sensitive skin.
die Sonne = sun · reizen = to irritate. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Haut is the direct object here.
Dat Diese Creme tut der trockenen Haut gut.
This cream is good for dry skin.
gut tun (+ Dativ) = to be good for · trocken = dry · die Creme, -s = cream. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine gesunde Haut braucht tägliche Pflege.
Healthy skin needs daily care.
gesund = healthy · täglich = daily. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Das Baby hat eine weiche Haut.
The baby has soft skin.
weich = soft. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Die Handschuhe bestehen aus den Häuten verschiedener Tiere.
The gloves are made from the hides of various animals.
der Handschuh, -e = glove · bestehen aus (+ Dativ) = to be made of. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" regardless of gender; Häute already ends in "-e," so it adds "-n" (Häute → Häuten).
He! — Hi!
A casual, somewhat brash greeting or attention-getter — closer to "Hey!" than the more formal "Hallo!".
He! Wie geht's?
Hi! How are you?
Used as a stand-alone exclamation to greet someone informally. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "gehts" → "geht's."
heben, er hebt — to lift; to raise
Regular (weak) verb in the present tense — no stem change: ich hebe, du hebst, er/sie/es hebt, wir heben, ihr hebt, sie/Sie heben (decoded from the source's jumbled conjugation table). Irregular only in the simple past/perfect: heben, hob, gehoben.
Wir heben unsere Hände in der Klasse, bevor wir etwas sagen.
We raise our hands in class before speaking.
heben = to lift/raise · die Hand, ä-e = hand · bevor = before. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Hande" → "Hände."
Der Kran hebt den schweren Container.
The crane lifts the heavy container.
der Kran, ä-e = crane · schwer = heavy. "Hebt" — regular 3rd-person present, du/er both take "-t"/"-st" with no vowel change.
das Heer — army
Plural: die Heere.
Nom Das Heer marschiert durch die Stadt.
The army marches through the city.
das Heer (neutrum) = army · marschieren = to march. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ. Heer is the subject.
Akk Der König befehligt das Heer.
The king commands the army.
der König, -e = king · befehligen = to command. "Das" stays "das" — neutrum Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Heer is the direct object here.
Dat Der General gibt dem Heer neue Befehle.
The general gives the army new orders.
der General, -e = general · der Befehl, -e = order/command. "Dem" because neutrum Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein starkes Heer verteidigt die Grenze.
A strong army defends the border.
verteidigen = to defend · die Grenze, -n = border. "Ein" — no ending before neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Dieses Land hat ein mächtiges Heer.
This country has a powerful army.
mächtig = powerful. "Ein" stays unchanged — neutrum Akkusativ indefinite (ein → ein), unlike the maskulin ein → einen shift. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "machtiges" → "mächtiges."
Dat Die Geschichtsbücher erzählen von den Heeren der Antike.
The history books tell of the armies of antiquity.
das Geschichtsbuch, ü-er = history book · erzählen von (+ Dativ) = to tell about · die Antike = antiquity. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" regardless of gender, and the noun adds "-n" (Heere → Heeren) unless it already ends in -n or -s.
die Heftmaschine — stapler
Plural: die Heftmaschinen. Built from "heften" (to staple/fasten) + "die Maschine" (machine). The dictionary's own example reads "im Euro" in the source scan — almost certainly an OCR misread of "im Büro" (in the office), corrected here.
Nom Die Heftmaschine ist im Büro.
The stapler is in the office.
die Heftmaschine (feminin) = stapler · das Büro, -s = office. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Heftmaschine is the subject. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "im Euro."
Akk Ich benutze die Heftmaschine für die Blätter.
I use the stapler for the sheets of paper.
benutzen = to use · das Blatt, ä-er = sheet (of paper). "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Heftmaschine is the direct object here.
Dat Auf der Heftmaschine liegt loses Papier.
Loose paper is lying on the stapler.
los = loose · das Papier = paper. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "auf" (static location).
Nom Eine neue Heftmaschine steht auf dem Schreibtisch.
A new stapler is on the desk.
der Schreibtisch, -e = desk. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Er kauft eine Heftmaschine für das Büro.
He buys a stapler for the office.
kaufen = to buy. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Firma versorgt alle Abteilungen mit den neuen Heftmaschinen.
The company supplies all departments with the new staplers.
versorgen mit (+ Dativ) = to supply with · die Abteilung, -en = department. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Heftmaschinen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Heimat — homeland; hometown
Plural: die Heimaten (rare — Heimat is normally a singular, uncountable concept; the plural surfaces mainly when comparing several people's homelands, as in the Dativ example below). This paragraph bundles the fixed idiom Heimweh haben = to be homesick (literally "to have homesickness") — worked into the Dativ example below rather than given its own entry, since the source shows no independent example sentence for it.
Nom Die Heimat bedeutet ihm sehr viel.
His homeland means a great deal to him.
die Heimat (feminin) = homeland/hometown · bedeuten = to mean. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Heimat is the subject.
Akk Viele Auswanderer vermissen die Heimat.
Many emigrants miss their homeland.
der Auswanderer, - = emigrant · vermissen = to miss. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Heimat is the direct object here.
Dat Er hat großes Heimweh nach der Heimat.
He is very homesick for home.
Heimweh haben nach (+ Dativ) = to be homesick for. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "nach." Folds in the bundled idiom "Heimweh haben," which has no example of its own in the source.
Nom Eine neue Heimat zu finden ist nicht leicht.
Finding a new homeland isn't easy.
finden = to find · leicht = easy. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Die Familie sucht eine neue Heimat.
The family is looking for a new homeland.
suchen = to look for. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Das Buch erzählt von den verschiedenen Heimaten der Einwanderer.
The book tells of the various homelands of the immigrants.
der Einwanderer, - = immigrant. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" regardless of gender, and the noun adds "-n" (Heimaten → Heimaten, already ending in -n) with no further change.