Appearance
Vocab: Work & office — B1 (1)
Work & office vocabulary at B1 level.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
der Abteilungsleiter — department manager
This is a compound of Abteilung and Leiter. The plural has the same noun shape as the singular, while the genitive singular adds -s: des Abteilungsleiters.
Der Abteilungsleiter spricht mit dem Team.
The department manager is speaking with the team.
spricht means is speaking, and das Team means the team. Der Abteilungsleiter is nominative because he is the subject; mit dem Team is dative because mit requires the dative.
Ich sehe den Abteilungsleiter.
I see the department manager.
ich sehe means I see. den Abteilungsleiter is accusative because sehen takes a direct object, and the masculine article changes from der to den.
Ich gebe dem Abteilungsleiter den Bericht.
I give the report to the department manager.
geben means to give, and der Bericht means the report. dem Abteilungsleiter is dative for the recipient, while den Bericht is accusative for the thing given.
Das Büro des Abteilungsleiters ist neben der Küche.
The department manager’s office is next to the kitchen.
das Büro means the office, neben means next to, and die Küche means the kitchen. des Abteilungsleiters is genitive to show possession and takes -s; neben der Küche is dative here because it describes a location.
Die Abteilungsleiter treffen sich am Montag.
The department managers are meeting on Monday.
treffen sich means meet each other, and am Montag means on Monday. Abteilungsleiter has no plural ending, so the plural article die is important; sich is the reflexive pronoun.
die Agenda — agenda, list of topics; agenda, programme of aims
In German, die Agenda usually means a meeting agenda or a list of political or organisational priorities. It is a feminine noun; the plural is die Agenden.
Die Agenda für die Sitzung ist sehr lang.
The agenda for the meeting is very long.
die Sitzung means the meeting, and sehr lang means very long. Die Agenda is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Wir prüfen die Agenda vor dem Treffen.
We check the agenda before the meeting.
prüfen means to check, vor means before, and das Treffen means the meeting. Die Agenda is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object; the finite verb prüfen is in position two.
Wir fügen der Agenda einen neuen Punkt hinzu.
We add a new item to the agenda.
hinzufügen means to add, einen neuen Punkt means a new item, and neu means new. Der Agenda is dative because it is the recipient, while the separable verb fügen ... hinzu places hinzu at the end.
Die Reihenfolge der Agenda wurde geändert.
The order of the agenda was changed.
die Reihenfolge means the order, and geändert means changed. Der Agenda is genitive because it identifies whose order is meant; wurde geändert is a passive verb phrase.
Auf den Agenden stehen viele wichtige Themen.
Many important topics are listed on the agendas.
auf means on, stehen means stand or are listed, and wichtige Themen means important topics. Den Agenden is dative plural because auf expresses location here, and Agenden takes -n in the plural.
Die Regierung verfolgt eine neue Agenda.
The government is pursuing a new agenda.
die Regierung means the government, verfolgen means to pursue, and neu means new. Eine neue Agenda is accusative because verfolgen takes a direct object, and the finite verb verfolgt stands in position two.
Klimaschutz steht ganz oben auf der Agenda.
Climate protection is at the top of the agenda.
der Klimaschutz means climate protection, ganz oben means right at the top, and stehen means to be listed or rank. Auf der Agenda is a fixed expression for something being considered, and the finite verb steht is in position two.
der Altenpfleger — male geriatric nurse, male care worker
The explicitly male job title is Altenpfleger; the general or feminine form is often Pflegefachkraft or Altenpflegerin. The job includes personal care, help with everyday activities, and sometimes medical tasks.
Der Altenpfleger hilft den Bewohnern.
The geriatric nurse helps the residents.
hilft means helps, and Bewohner means residents. Der Altenpfleger is nominative because he is the subject, while den Bewohnern is dative because helfen always takes a dative person; hilft stands in position two.
Die Familie ruft den Altenpfleger.
The family calls the geriatric nurse.
die Familie means the family, and ruft means calls. Den Altenpfleger is accusative because rufen takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Ich spreche mit dem Altenpfleger.
I speak with the geriatric nurse.
spreche means speak, and mit means with. Dem Altenpfleger is dative because mit always governs the dative; the finite verb spreche is in position two.
Das Auto des Altenpflegers steht vor dem Haus.
The geriatric nurse's car is standing in front of the house.
Auto means car, steht means is standing, and vor dem Haus means in front of the house. Des Altenpflegers is genitive because it shows whose car it is; the subject Auto is neuter singular, so the verb is steht.
Die Altenpfleger arbeiten im Schichtdienst.
The geriatric nurses work shifts.
arbeiten means work, and Schichtdienst means shift work. Altenpfleger has the same spelling in the plural, but die and arbeiten show that it refers to several people.
das Amt — public office, government department; official position, office
Amt can mean a government office or an official position. The plural changes the vowel: Amt becomes Ämter.
Das Amt öffnet um acht Uhr.
The public office opens at eight o’clock.
öffnet means opens, and um acht Uhr means at eight o’clock. Das Amt is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb öffnet stands in position two.
Ich besuche das Amt morgen.
I am visiting the public office tomorrow.
besuchen means to visit, and morgen means tomorrow. Das Amt is accusative because besuchen takes a direct object; the finite verb besuche is in position two.
Ich muss zu dem Amt gehen.
I have to go to the public office.
muss means have to, and gehen means to go. Dem Amt is dative because the preposition zu always takes the dative; muss is in position two and gehen goes to the end.
Die Entscheidung des Amts ist wichtig.
The office’s decision is important.
die Entscheidung means the decision, and wichtig means important. Des Amts is genitive because it shows whose decision it is; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Die Ämter arbeiten zusammen.
The government offices work together.
arbeiten zusammen means work together. Die Ämter is plural nominative as the subject, and arbeiten is in position two.
Er hat das Amt des Bürgermeisters übernommen.
He took over the office of mayor.
übernommen means taken over, and der Bürgermeister means the mayor. Das Amt is accusative because übernehmen takes a direct object; hat is in position two and übernommen goes to the end in the perfect.
Sie ist seit zehn Jahren in dem Amt.
She has been in the position for ten years.
seit zehn Jahren means for ten years, and in dem Amt means in the position. Dem Amt is dative because in expresses a fixed location here; ist stands in position two.
die Anforderung — requirement, demand
For a practical condition, Anforderung usually means requirement; for a strong claim on someone, it can mean demand. Do not confuse it with Anfrage, which is a question or inquiry rather than a condition that must be met.
Die Anforderung ist klar.
The requirement is clear.
klar means clear. Die Anforderung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Wir erfüllen die Anforderung.
We meet the requirement.
erfüllen means meet or fulfil. Die Anforderung is accusative because erfüllen takes an accusative object; erfüllen is the finite verb in position two.
Wir arbeiten an der Anforderung.
We are working on the requirement.
arbeiten an means work on something. The preposition an takes the dative here because this describes a fixed topic, so der Anforderung is dative; arbeiten is in position two.
Die Details der Anforderung sind wichtig.
The details of the requirement are important.
die Details means the details, and wichtig means important. der Anforderung is genitive because it identifies whose details they are; the plural subject Die Details puts sind in position two.
Die Anforderungen sind hoch.
The requirements are high.
hoch means high or demanding. Anforderungen is plural and therefore uses sind; as the subject, the plural noun is nominative.
anschaffen — to buy, to acquire; to work as a prostitute
In this sense, anschaffen means to acquire something for yourself and is separable: ich schaffe mir ein Auto an. It is often used with a dative pronoun for the beneficiary and an accusative thing.
Wir schaffen uns ein neues Sofa an.
We are buying ourselves a new sofa.
uns means ourselves and ein neues Sofa means a new sofa. ein neues Sofa is accusative because anschaffen takes a thing as its direct object, while uns is dative for the person benefiting; the finite verb schaffen is in position two and an goes to the end.
Sie hat sich ein Fahrrad angeschafft.
She bought herself a bicycle.
sich means herself and ein Fahrrad means a bicycle. ein Fahrrad is accusative as the thing acquired; hat is the auxiliary in position two and angeschafft closes the clause.
Er schaffte sich einen Drucker an.
He bought himself a printer.
sich means himself and einen Drucker means a printer. einen Drucker is accusative because it is the thing acquired; in the simple past, schaffte is in position two and an goes to the end.
Schaff dir endlich ein Fahrrad an!
Finally buy yourself a bicycle!
dir means yourself, endlich means finally, and ein Fahrrad means a bicycle. ein Fahrrad is accusative as the direct object, while dir is dative for the beneficiary; the prefix an stays at the end.
Ich würde mir gern einen besseren Computer anschaffen.
I would like to buy myself a better computer.
mir means myself, gern means gladly or would like to, and einen besseren Computer means a better computer. einen besseren Computer is accusative as the thing acquired; würde marks the hypothetical wish and the complete infinitive anschaffen stays at the end.
Wir werden uns bald neue Möbel anschaffen.
We will soon buy new furniture.
bald means soon and neue Möbel means new furniture. neue Möbel is accusative as the direct object; werden stands in position two and the infinitive anschaffen goes to the end.
Sie musste früher anschaffen gehen.
She used to have to work as a prostitute.
musste means had to, früher means in the past, and gehen means go. anschaffen gehen is a fixed colloquial expression; after the modal verb musste, both infinitives stand at the end.
Der Roman erzählt von einer Frau, die anschafft.
The novel tells the story of a woman who works as a prostitute.
der Roman is the novel, erzählt von means tells about, and eine Frau means a woman. In the relative clause, the finite verb anschafft goes to the end; this sense is colloquial and should be used carefully.
die Anstellung — job, employment, position
die Anstellung is a job or employment, often with an emphasis on the formal position. It is different from der Job, which is more general and often more informal.
Die Anstellung ist unbefristet.
The position is permanent.
unbefristet means permanent or without a fixed end date. Die Anstellung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Sie sucht eine neue Anstellung.
She is looking for a new job.
sie sucht means she is looking for, and eine neue means a new. eine neue Anstellung is accusative because suchen takes a direct object.
Er hat ihr zu einer Anstellung gratuliert.
He congratulated her on getting a job.
ihr means to her, gratuliert means congratulated, and zu means to or on the occasion of. zu einer Anstellung is dative because zu always governs the dative.
Die Bedingungen der Anstellung sind klar.
The conditions of the employment are clear.
die Bedingungen means the conditions and klar means clear. der Anstellung is genitive because it shows whose conditions they are; the plural subject die Bedingungen controls sind.
Viele Anstellungen werden heute online ausgeschrieben.
Many positions are advertised online today.
viele means many, heute means today, online means online, and ausgeschrieben means advertised. Viele Anstellungen is nominative plural as the subject; the plural form adds -en.
die Anwesenheit — presence, attendance
Anwesenheit is more formal than simply saying that someone da is present. Its opposite is Abwesenheit, meaning absence.
Die Anwesenheit aller Schüler ist heute wichtig.
The attendance of all the pupils is important today.
alle Schüler means all the pupils, and heute means today. Die Anwesenheit is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Wir prüfen die Anwesenheit der Gäste.
We are checking the guests’ attendance.
prüfen means to check, and die Gäste means the guests. Die Anwesenheit is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object, while the finite verb prüfen stands in position two.
Bei der Anwesenheit der Eltern bleibt die Tür offen.
When the parents are present, the door remains open.
bei means when or in the presence of, die Eltern means the parents, and offen means open. Bei requires the dative, so the feminine article is der; the finite verb bleibt is in position two.
Die Kontrolle der Anwesenheit dauert zehn Minuten.
Checking attendance takes ten minutes.
die Kontrolle means the checking or check, dauern means to last, and zehn Minuten means ten minutes. Der Anwesenheit is genitive because it specifies what is being checked; the finite verb dauert stands in position two.
Die Anwesenheiten der Kinder werden jeden Morgen notiert.
The children’s attendances are recorded every morning.
die Kinder means the children, jeden Morgen means every morning, and notiert means recorded. Anwesenheiten is the plural subject, and werden notiert is the passive construction, with the participle at the end.
die Anwältin — female lawyer, attorney
The masculine counterpart is der Anwalt. The feminine form is made with -in, and its plural changes this to -innen.
Die Anwältin berät ihre Mandantin.
The lawyer advises her client.
beraten means to advise, and ihre Mandantin means her female client. Die Anwältin is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb berät stands in position two.
Ich rufe die Anwältin morgen an.
I will call the lawyer tomorrow.
morgen means tomorrow, and anrufen means to call. Die Anwältin is accusative because it is the direct object of anrufen; the separable prefix an goes to the end of the main clause.
Ich danke der Anwältin für ihre Hilfe.
I thank the lawyer for her help.
danken means to thank, and ihre Hilfe means her help. Der Anwältin is dative because danken always takes a dative person, while the preposition für takes the accusative in ihre Hilfe.
Das Büro der Anwältin liegt im Zentrum.
The lawyer’s office is in the city centre.
das Büro means the office, liegen means to be located, and im Zentrum means in the city centre. Der Anwältin is genitive because it shows whose office it is; the finite verb liegt stands in position two.
Die Anwältinnen beraten die Familien gemeinsam.
The female lawyers advise the families together.
die Familien means the families, and gemeinsam means together. Anwältinnen is the plural subject, while die Familien is accusative because beraten takes a direct object.
der Arbeitgeber — employer
Der Arbeitgeber is the person or organisation that gives someone a job and pays them. Its opposite is der Arbeitnehmer, the person who works for the employer.
Der Arbeitgeber bietet gute Arbeitsbedingungen.
The employer offers good working conditions.
bietet means offers, and gute Arbeitsbedingungen means good working conditions. Der Arbeitgeber is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb bietet stands in position two.
Die Firma sucht den Arbeitgeber für ein Gespräch.
The company is looking for the employer for a meeting.
die Firma is the company, suchen means to look for, and ein Gespräch is a meeting. Den Arbeitgeber is accusative because suchen takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Die Arbeitnehmer sprechen mit dem Arbeitgeber über den Vertrag.
The employees speak with the employer about the contract.
die Arbeitnehmer are the employees, sprechen means speak, and der Vertrag is the contract. Dem Arbeitgeber is dative because mit always requires the dative; über den Vertrag uses the accusative for the topic.
Die Entscheidung des Arbeitgebers überrascht alle.
The employer's decision surprises everyone.
die Entscheidung is the decision, überraschen means surprise, and alle means everyone. Des Arbeitgebers is genitive to show possession, and the masculine noun adds -s in this form.
Die Arbeitgeber treffen sich auf einer Konferenz.
The employers meet at a conference.
treffen sich means meet, and eine Konferenz is a conference. Die Arbeitgeber is plural nominative because it is the subject; this plural has no ending, so die and the verb treffen help identify it.
der Arbeitnehmer — employee, worker
Der Arbeitnehmer is a person employed by an organisation or another person. The word is gender-neutral in meaning, although its grammatical gender is masculine; the feminine form is die Arbeitnehmerin.
Der Arbeitnehmer unterschreibt heute den Vertrag.
The employee is signing the contract today.
unterschreibt means signs, heute means today, and der Vertrag is the contract. Der Arbeitnehmer is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb unterschreibt is in position two.
Die Firma stellt den Arbeitnehmer nach dem Praktikum ein.
The company hires the employee after the internship.
die Firma is the company, einstellen means hire, and das Praktikum is the internship. Den Arbeitnehmer is accusative because einstellen takes a direct object; in the main clause the separable verb appears as stellt ... ein.
Der Arbeitgeber gibt dem Arbeitnehmer mehr Urlaub.
The employer gives the employee more holiday.
mehr Urlaub means more holiday, and geben means to give. Dem Arbeitnehmer is dative because it is the recipient, while mehr Urlaub is the accusative thing being given.
Die Pflichten des Arbeitnehmers stehen im Vertrag.
The employee's duties are stated in the contract.
die Pflichten are the duties, stehen means are written or stated, and im Vertrag means in the contract. Des Arbeitnehmers is genitive to show whose duties they are, and the noun adds -s.
Die Arbeitnehmer fordern höhere Löhne.
The employees demand higher wages.
fordern means demand, and höhere Löhne means higher wages. Die Arbeitnehmer is plural nominative because it is the subject; its form is identical to the singular apart from the article and verb.
die Arbeitnehmerin — female employee, female worker
Die Arbeitnehmerin is the feminine form of der Arbeitnehmer, a woman employed by an organisation or another person. Its plural is die Arbeitnehmerinnen.
Die Arbeitnehmerin arbeitet heute von zu Hause.
The female employee is working from home today.
arbeitet means works, heute means today, and von zu Hause means from home. Die Arbeitnehmerin is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb arbeitet stands in position two.
Der Chef informiert die Arbeitnehmerin über die Änderung.
The boss informs the female employee about the change.
der Chef is the boss, informieren means inform, and die Änderung is the change. Die Arbeitnehmerin is accusative because it is the direct object of informieren; über also takes the accusative when it means about here.
Die Kollegin hilft der Arbeitnehmerin bei der Anmeldung.
The colleague helps the female employee with the registration.
die Kollegin is the female colleague, helfen means help, and die Anmeldung is the registration. Der Arbeitnehmerin is dative because helfen requires a dative object, and bei also governs the dative.
Der Arbeitsplatz der Arbeitnehmerin ist sehr ruhig.
The female employee's workplace is very quiet.
der Arbeitsplatz is the workplace, sehr means very, and ruhig means quiet. Der Arbeitnehmerin is genitive because it shows possession; the feminine noun keeps -in, while the article is der.
Die Arbeitnehmerinnen nehmen an der Besprechung teil.
The female employees take part in the meeting.
nehmen teil means take part, and die Besprechung is the meeting. Die Arbeitnehmerinnen is plural nominative because it is the subject; teilnehmen is separable, so nehmen comes in position two and teil goes to the end.
die Arbeitsagentur — employment agency
The official name is die Bundesagentur für Arbeit, while a local office is commonly called die Arbeitsagentur. It is not simply a private job agency.
Die Arbeitsagentur hilft vielen Menschen bei der Jobsuche.
The employment agency helps many people look for a job.
vielen Menschen means many people, and bei der Jobsuche means when looking for a job. Hilfe is expressed by hilft with a dative person, while bei also takes the dative here; the finite verb hilft is in position two.
Ich besuche heute die Arbeitsagentur.
I am visiting the employment agency today.
heute means today, and besuche means visit. die Arbeitsagentur is accusative because besuchen takes a direct accusative object; the finite verb besuche stands in position two.
Ich frage bei der Arbeitsagentur nach einer Stelle.
I ask the employment agency about a position.
nach einer Stelle fragen means ask about a position, and eine Stelle is a job or position. bei der Arbeitsagentur is dative because bei always takes the dative; frage ... nach is a separable verb, so nach goes to the end.
Die Beratung der Arbeitsagentur war sehr hilfreich.
The employment agency's advice was very helpful.
die Beratung means the advice or consultation, and hilfreich means helpful. der Arbeitsagentur is genitive because it shows whose advice it was; the feminine genitive article is der, and war is in position two.
Viele Arbeitsagenturen bieten kostenlose Beratung an.
Many employment agencies offer free advice.
viele means many, kostenlose means free, and Beratung means advice or consultation. Arbeitsagenturen is the plural subject, so the verb is bieten; bieten ... an is separable, placing an at the end.
der Arbeitsauftrag — work assignment, job order
An Arbeitsauftrag can be a normal task from a supervisor, but it can also be a formal order for a company to carry out work. The compound combines Arbeit and Auftrag.
Der Arbeitsauftrag ist bis morgen fertig.
The work assignment will be finished by tomorrow.
bis morgen means by tomorrow, and fertig means finished or ready. Der Arbeitsauftrag is the nominative subject; ist is the finite verb in position two, and fertig is a predicative adjective.
Die Chefin erklärt den Arbeitsauftrag.
The manager explains the work assignment.
die Chefin means the female manager or boss, and erklärt means explains. den Arbeitsauftrag is accusative because erklären takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Ich arbeite an dem Arbeitsauftrag.
I am working on the assignment.
arbeite an means work on something. an dem Arbeitsauftrag is dative because an means a fixed topic or task here and takes the dative; dem may be shortened to am.
Die Beschreibung des Arbeitsauftrags ist klar.
The description of the work assignment is clear.
die Beschreibung means the description, and klar means clear. des Arbeitsauftrags is genitive because the description belongs to or concerns the assignment; the masculine noun has des and -s in this case.
Neue Arbeitsaufträge kommen jeden Montag.
New work assignments arrive every Monday.
neue means new, and jeden Montag means every Monday. Arbeitsaufträge is a plural subject, so kommen is plural; the plural changes -trag to -träge and adds -e.
die Arbeitsbedingung — working condition
The plural Arbeitsbedingungen is more common than the singular when discussing a job. It can include pay, hours, holidays, workplace safety, and the general work environment.
Die Arbeitsbedingung ist in diesem Vertrag genannt.
The working condition is mentioned in this contract.
in diesem Vertrag means in this contract, and genannt means mentioned or named. Die Arbeitsbedingung is the nominative subject; ist ... genannt is a passive-like construction, with genannt at the end.
Die Firma muss die Arbeitsbedingung verbessern.
The company must improve the working condition.
die Firma means the company, muss means must, and verbessern means improve. die Arbeitsbedingung is accusative because verbessern takes a direct object; with the modal muss, the infinitive verbessern goes to the end.
Viele Beschäftigte leiden unter der Arbeitsbedingung.
Many employees suffer because of the working condition.
viele Beschäftigte means many employees, and leiden unter means suffer because of or under something. unter der Arbeitsbedingung is dative because unter expresses a cause or situation here; der is the feminine dative article.
Die Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingung kostet Geld.
Improving the working condition costs money.
die Verbesserung means the improvement, and kostet Geld means costs money. der Arbeitsbedingung is genitive because it identifies what is being improved; the feminine genitive article is der.
Die Arbeitsbedingungen sind nicht überall gleich.
Working conditions are not the same everywhere.
nicht überall means not everywhere, and gleich means the same. Arbeitsbedingungen is the plural subject, so the verb is sind; gleich is a predicative adjective and has no ending.
die Arbeitserlaubnis — work permit
An Arbeitserlaubnis is an official legal document, not just permission from an employer. In many modern contexts, the exact legal term may depend on the person’s residence status.
Die Arbeitserlaubnis ist noch gültig.
The work permit is still valid.
noch means still, and gültig means valid. Die Arbeitserlaubnis is the nominative subject; ist stands in position two and gültig is a predicative adjective.
Sie beantragt eine Arbeitserlaubnis.
She is applying for a work permit.
sie means she, and beantragt means applies for. eine Arbeitserlaubnis is accusative because beantragen takes a direct object; the feminine indefinite article is eine in both nominative and accusative.
Mit der Arbeitserlaubnis darf er hier arbeiten.
With the work permit, he is allowed to work here.
mit means with, darf means is allowed to, and hier means here. mit der Arbeitserlaubnis is dative because mit always takes the dative; the modal darf sends arbeiten to the end.
Die Dauer der Arbeitserlaubnis ist begrenzt.
The duration of the work permit is limited.
die Dauer means the duration, and begrenzt means limited. der Arbeitserlaubnis is genitive because it specifies the duration of what; the feminine genitive article is der.
Für bestimmte Berufe braucht man besondere Arbeitserlaubnisse.
For certain professions, you need special work permits.
bestimmte Berufe means certain professions, and besondere means special. Arbeitserlaubnisse is a plural accusative object after braucht; für bestimmte Berufe is also accusative because für always takes the accusative.
das Arbeitslosengeld — unemployment benefit, unemployment allowance; unemployment benefits, benefit schemes
Arbeitslosengeld is usually treated as a mass noun, so speakers normally use the singular even when discussing regular payments. In Germany, the exact type and amount depend on the person's previous employment and legal situation.
Das Arbeitslosengeld reicht für meine Miete nicht aus.
The unemployment benefit is not enough to cover my rent.
reicht ... aus means is enough, and meine Miete means my rent. Das Arbeitslosengeld is nominative because it is the subject; the separable verb ausreichen puts reicht in position two and aus at the end.
Ich beantrage das Arbeitslosengeld heute.
I am applying for unemployment benefit today.
beantrage means apply for, and heute means today. das Arbeitslosengeld is accusative because beantragen takes a direct object; the finite verb beantrage stands in position two.
Die Behörde zahlt dem Arbeitslosengeld nicht direkt zu.
The authority does not add directly to the unemployment benefit.
die Behörde means the authority, zahlt ... zu means adds, and nicht direkt means not directly. dem Arbeitslosengeld is dative because etwas zuzahlen takes the amount or fund as a dative complement; the separable prefix zu stands at the end.
Die Höhe des Arbeitslosengeldes hängt vom früheren Gehalt ab.
The amount of the unemployment benefit depends on the previous salary.
die Höhe means the amount, hängt ... ab means depends, and das frühere Gehalt means the previous salary. des Arbeitslosengeldes is genitive because it specifies the amount; vom means von dem, and the separable verb abhängen places ab at the end.
Viele Menschen beantragen Arbeitslosengelder aus verschiedenen Ländern.
Many people apply for unemployment benefits from different countries.
viele Menschen means many people, beantragen means apply for, and verschiedene Länder means different countries. Arbeitslosengelder is a rare plural for different payments or schemes; it is accusative because beantragen takes an accusative object.
Die Studie vergleicht die Arbeitslosengelder in Europa.
The study compares unemployment benefits in Europe.
die Studie means the study, vergleicht means compares, and Europa means Europe. Arbeitslosengelder is plural here because different national benefit systems are being compared; it is accusative after vergleichen.
Die beiden Arbeitslosengelder unterscheiden sich deutlich.
The two unemployment benefits differ considerably.
die beiden means the two, unterscheiden sich means differ, and deutlich means considerably or clearly. Arbeitslosengelder is the plural subject in the nominative; the reflexive form sich unterscheiden is used when things differ from each other.
die Arbeitslosigkeit — unemployment
Arbeitslosigkeit is the abstract noun from arbeitslos. It can mean one person's state of being unemployed or unemployment as an economic problem; the plural is uncommon and refers to separate cases or forms.
Die Arbeitslosigkeit ist in dieser Stadt sehr hoch.
Unemployment is very high in this city.
in dieser Stadt means in this city, and sehr hoch means very high. Die Arbeitslosigkeit is nominative because it is the subject; in takes the dative for a fixed location, and ist stands in position two.
Die Regierung will die Arbeitslosigkeit senken.
The government wants to reduce unemployment.
die Regierung means the government, will means wants to, and senken means reduce. die Arbeitslosigkeit is accusative because senken takes a direct object; after the modal verb will, the infinitive senken goes to the end.
Viele Familien leiden unter der Arbeitslosigkeit.
Many families suffer because of unemployment.
viele Familien means many families, and leiden means suffer. unter takes the dative when it means because of or as a result of, so the form is der Arbeitslosigkeit; the finite verb leiden is in position two.
Die Folgen der Arbeitslosigkeit sind für junge Menschen besonders schwer.
The consequences of unemployment are especially difficult for young people.
die Folgen means the consequences, junge Menschen means young people, and besonders schwer means especially difficult. der Arbeitslosigkeit is genitive because it specifies the consequences; für takes the accusative in für junge Menschen.
In Europa gibt es unterschiedliche Arbeitslosigkeiten.
There are different forms or levels of unemployment in Europe.
unterschiedliche means different, and in Europa means in Europe. The plural Arbeitslosigkeiten refers to separate forms or periods of unemployment; after es gibt, the plural noun phrase is accusative.
der Arbeitssuchende — man looking for work; male job seeker
This is an adjectival noun: it comes from arbeitssuchend, looking for work, and is capitalised as a noun. It is a weak masculine noun, so der Arbeitssuchende changes to den/dem/des Arbeitssuchenden.
Der Arbeitssuchende wartet vor dem Büro.
The man looking for work is waiting in front of the office.
warten means to wait and vor dem Büro means in front of the office. Arbeitssuchende is nominative masculine singular, the only masculine case in which this adjectival noun has no -n; wartet stands in position two.
Die Beraterin unterstützt den Arbeitssuchenden.
The adviser supports the man looking for work.
die Beraterin is the female adviser and unterstützen means to support. Arbeitssuchenden is accusative because unterstützen takes a direct object; weak masculine nouns of this type take -en outside the nominative singular.
Die Beraterin hilft dem Arbeitssuchenden.
The adviser helps the man looking for work.
helfen means to help and die Beraterin is the female adviser. Arbeitssuchenden is dative because helfen governs the dative; the weak ending -en is required after dem.
Die Bewerbung des Arbeitssuchenden ist vollständig.
The man's application is complete.
die Bewerbung means the application and vollständig means complete. Arbeitssuchenden is genitive after die Bewerbung to show whose application it is; adjectival masculine nouns use -en here, with des marking the case.
Die Stadt bietet den Arbeitssuchenden kostenlose Kurse an.
The city offers people looking for work free courses.
die Stadt means the city, kostenlos means free, and der Kurs means course. Arbeitssuchenden is dative plural because jemandem etwas anbieten means to offer someone something; an is separated from anbieten and stands at the end of the main clause.
die Arbeitssuchende — woman looking for work; female job seeker
This is the feminine adjectival noun from arbeitssuchend, looking for work. It is capitalised as a noun and has -en in the oblique cases and in the plural: der Arbeitssuchenden and die Arbeitssuchenden.
Die Arbeitssuchende spricht mit einer Beraterin.
The woman looking for work is speaking with an adviser.
sprechen mit means to speak with and die Beraterin means the female adviser. Arbeitssuchende is nominative because it is the subject, and spricht stands in position two; mit takes the dative, so einer Beraterin is dative.
Die Beraterin unterstützt die Arbeitssuchende.
The adviser supports the woman looking for work.
die Beraterin is the female adviser and unterstützen means to support. Arbeitssuchende is accusative because unterstützen takes a direct object; with a feminine noun, the article die looks the same in nominative and accusative.
Die Beraterin hilft der Arbeitssuchenden.
The adviser helps the woman looking for work.
helfen means to help and die Beraterin means the female adviser. Arbeitssuchenden is dative because helfen governs the dative; the article changes to der and the adjectival noun takes -en.
Die Bewerbung der Arbeitssuchenden ist fertig.
The woman’s application is ready.
die Bewerbung means the application and fertig means ready. Arbeitssuchenden is genitive after die Bewerbung to show possession; der marks the feminine genitive and the noun has the ending -en.
Die Behörde unterstützt die Arbeitssuchenden.
The authority supports people looking for work.
die Behörde means the authority or public office and unterstützen means to support. Arbeitssuchenden is accusative plural because it is the direct object; adjectival nouns use -en in the plural, just as the article die does not change here.
der Arbeitsvertrag — employment contract; employment agreement
An Arbeitsvertrag normally contains details such as pay, working hours, holidays, and the start date. The related verb unterschreiben means to sign; a contract can also be kündigen, meaning terminate it or give notice.
Der Arbeitsvertrag liegt auf dem Tisch.
The employment contract is on the table.
liegt means is lying, auf dem Tisch means on the table, and der Tisch is the table. The noun is the nominative subject; auf takes the dative here because the contract is in a fixed location, not moving onto the table.
Ich lese den Arbeitsvertrag vor dem Gespräch.
I am reading the employment contract before the interview.
lese means read, vor dem Gespräch means before the interview, and das Gespräch is the interview or discussion. Den Arbeitsvertrag is accusative because lesen takes a direct object, while vor takes the dative here.
Die Personalabteilung schickt mir den Arbeitsvertrag.
The human resources department sends me the employment contract.
die Personalabteilung is the human resources department, and schickt means sends. Mir is dative as the recipient, while den Arbeitsvertrag is accusative as the thing sent.
Die Bedingungen des Arbeitsvertrags sind klar.
The conditions of the employment contract are clear.
die Bedingungen are the conditions, and klar means clear. Des Arbeitsvertrags is genitive because it specifies which conditions are meant; the finite verb sind stands in position two.
Neue Arbeitsverträge gelten ab Januar.
New employment contracts apply from January.
neue means new, gelten means apply or be valid, and ab Januar means from January onward. The plural noun is the subject, and ab marks the starting point of validity.
Ihr Arbeitsvertrag läuft Ende des Jahres aus.
Her employment contract expires at the end of the year.
ihr means her, läuft ... aus means expires, and Ende des Jahres means the end of the year. Arbeitsvertrag is the subject, and auslaufen is separable, so läuft is in position two and aus goes to the end.
Im Arbeitsvertrag stehen die wichtigsten Regeln.
The most important rules are stated in the employment contract.
im means in the, die wichtigsten Regeln means the most important rules, and stehen means are written or stated here. Im Arbeitsvertrag is dative after in for a fixed location, and the plural subject follows the verb because the prepositional phrase occupies position one.
die Arbeitsweise — way of working, work method; method of working, procedure
This noun focuses on how a person works rather than on the result of the work. It can describe speed, organisation, care, independence, or a particular method.
Ihre Arbeitsweise ist sehr gründlich.
Her way of working is very thorough.
ihre means her, sehr means very, and gründlich means thorough. The noun is the nominative subject, and ist links it to the predicative adjective; the finite verb stands in position two.
Der Chef lobt ihre Arbeitsweise.
The boss praises her way of working.
der Chef is the boss, and lobt means praises. Ihre Arbeitsweise is accusative because loben takes a direct object; the feminine possessive form ihre is the same in nominative and accusative.
Die Kollegin vertraut seiner Arbeitsweise.
The colleague trusts his way of working.
die Kollegin is the female colleague, and vertraut means trusts. Seiner Arbeitsweise is dative because vertrauen takes a dative object; the feminine dative possessive is seiner.
Die Qualität der Arbeitsweise überzeugt das Team.
The quality of the way of working convinces the team.
die Qualität is the quality, überzeugt means convinces, and das Team is the team. Der Arbeitsweise is genitive because it identifies whose quality is meant, while das Team is accusative as the object of überzeugen.
Gute Arbeitsweisen sparen Zeit.
Good ways of working save time.
gute means good, sparen means save, and Zeit means time. The plural noun is the subject, while Zeit is an accusative object without an article because it is used as an uncountable noun.
Diese Arbeitsweise spart dem Team viel Zeit.
This method saves the team a lot of time.
diese means this, spart means saves, and viel Zeit means a lot of time. Dem Team is dative as the group benefiting, while viel Zeit is accusative as the amount saved.
Wir müssen unsere Arbeitsweise ändern.
We have to change our way of working.
müssen means have to, unsere means our, and ändern means change. Unsere Arbeitsweise is accusative as the object of ändern; the modal verb müssen occupies position two and the infinitive goes to the end.
der Architekt — architect
Architekt is a weak masculine noun, so its singular forms are der Architekt, den Architekten, dem Architekten, and des Architekten. It normally refers to a trained professional who designs buildings, not simply anyone who draws a plan.
Der Architekt entwirft ein modernes Haus.
The architect is designing a modern house.
entwirft means designs, and ein modernes Haus means a modern house. Der Architekt is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb entwirft stands in position two.
Die Familie engagiert einen Architekten.
The family hires an architect.
die Familie means the family, and engagiert means hires. Einen Architekten is accusative because engagieren takes a direct object; Architekt is weak masculine and therefore takes -en outside the nominative.
Sie spricht mit dem Architekten über den Umbau.
She is talking with the architect about the renovation.
spricht means speaks or talks, der Umbau means the renovation, and über here means about. Mit always takes the dative, so dem Architekten has -en because this is a weak masculine noun; the verb spricht is in position two.
Die Idee des Architekten überzeugt uns.
The architect’s idea convinces us.
die Idee means the idea, and überzeugt means convinces. Des Architekten is genitive because it shows who has the idea; weak masculine nouns keep -en in the genitive, and überzeugt stands in position two.
Die Architekten planen eine neue Schule.
The architects are planning a new school.
planen means plan, and eine neue Schule means a new school. Die Architekten is the plural subject, with -en and the plural article die; the finite verb planen stands in position two.
die Architektin — female architect
Architektin is the feminine form of Architekt, formed with -in. In the plural, -in becomes -innen; in modern German, the feminine form is used when the person is female.
Die Architektin präsentiert ihren Entwurf.
The architect is presenting her design.
präsentiert means presents, and ihr Entwurf means her design or draft. Die Architektin is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb präsentiert stands in position two.
Der Bauherr lobt die Architektin.
The client praises the architect.
der Bauherr means the client or person commissioning the building, and lobt means praises. Die Architektin is accusative because loben takes a direct object; the feminine article die is the same in nominative and accusative.
Wir danken der Architektin für ihre Hilfe.
We thank the architect for her help.
danken means thank, and ihre Hilfe means her help. Der Architektin is dative because danken governs the dative; für ihre Hilfe is accusative because für always takes the accusative.
Das Büro der Architektin liegt im Zentrum.
The architect’s office is in the city centre.
das Büro means the office, and im Zentrum means in the city centre. Der Architektin is genitive because it identifies whose office it is; with feminine nouns, genitive der looks like dative der, so the context matters.
Zwei Architektinnen arbeiten an dem Projekt.
Two female architects are working on the project.
zwei means two, and das Projekt means the project. Architektinnen is the plural subject, while an dem Projekt is dative because arbeiten an describes working on something; the finite verb arbeiten stands in position two.
der Auftrag — assignment; order; commission
An Auftrag can be a task given to someone, an order placed with a company, or a professional commission. The intended meaning usually comes from the context.
Der Auftrag ist ziemlich schwierig.
The assignment is quite difficult.
ziemlich schwierig means quite difficult. Der Auftrag is the nominative subject of ist. The finite verb ist stands in position two, while ziemlich means quite.
Die Firma nimmt den Auftrag an.
The company accepts the assignment.
die Firma means the company and nimmt ... an means accepts. den Auftrag is accusative because annehmen takes a direct object. The separable verb has nimmt in position two and an at the end.
Ich gebe dem Auftrag eine hohe Priorität.
I give the assignment a high priority.
geben means to give, eine hohe Priorität means a high priority, and hoch means high. dem Auftrag is dative because it is the thing receiving the priority, while eine hohe Priorität is the accusative object.
Die Einzelheiten des Auftrags stehen im Vertrag.
The details of the assignment are in the contract.
die Einzelheiten means the details and der Vertrag means the contract. des Auftrags is genitive because it identifies whose details they are; the genitive ending is -s. The verb stehen is in position two.
Heute bearbeiten wir drei Aufträge.
Today we are processing three assignments.
heute means today, bearbeiten means process or work on, and drei means three. drei Aufträge is plural and accusative because bearbeiten takes a direct object. The subject wir comes after the time expression, but the finite verb still remains in position two.
ausbilden — to train, to educate for a profession
Ausbilden usually means training someone for a profession and takes an accusative object. It is separable: in a main clause bildet ... aus, but the infinitive and Partizip II stay together.
Die Firma bildet drei Lehrlinge aus.
The company is training three apprentices.
die Firma means the company, and drei Lehrlinge means three apprentices. Drei Lehrlinge is accusative because ausbilden takes a direct object; the finite part bildet is in position two and aus goes to the end.
Die Firma hat drei Lehrlinge ausgebildet.
The company has trained three apprentices.
hat means has, and ausgebildet means trained. The object drei Lehrlinge is accusative, while the Partizip II ausgebildet goes to the end and takes haben, not sein.
Die Firma bildete drei Lehrlinge aus.
The company trained three apprentices.
bildete means trained, and Lehrlinge means apprentices. The object is accusative because the verb is transitive; in the simple past, bildete is in position two and aus is separated to the end.
Bilde den neuen Mitarbeiter aus!
Train the new employee!
den neuen Mitarbeiter means the new employee. It is accusative as the direct object, and the imperative places bilde first while the prefix aus goes to the end.
Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich ihn ausbilden.
If I had more time, I would train him.
wenn means if, mehr Zeit means more time, and ihn means him. Ihn is accusative because it is the object of ausbilden; hätte goes to the end of the if-clause, and the infinitive ausbilden follows würde at the end of the main clause.
Die Firma wird nächstes Jahr drei Lehrlinge ausbilden.
The company will train three apprentices next year.
nächstes Jahr means next year, and drei Lehrlinge means three apprentices. Drei Lehrlinge is accusative as the direct object; wird stands in position two and the infinitive ausbilden goes to the end.
der Ausbildungsplatz — apprenticeship, vocational training place
der Ausbildungsplatz is the concrete place or position, while die Ausbildung is the training itself. A person can apply for an Ausbildungsplatz and then do an Ausbildung.
Der Ausbildungsplatz ist noch frei.
The apprenticeship is still available.
ist noch frei means is still available. Der Ausbildungsplatz is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich suche einen Ausbildungsplatz.
I am looking for an apprenticeship.
suche means am looking for. Einen Ausbildungsplatz is accusative because suchen takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from ein to einen.
Sie hilft mir bei einem Ausbildungsplatz.
She helps me with finding an apprenticeship.
hilft means helps, mir means me, and bei means with or in the matter of. Einem Ausbildungsplatz is dative because bei takes the dative; in natural German, bei der Suche nach einem Ausbildungsplatz is often clearer for this meaning.
Die Bewerbung des Ausbildungsplatzes war erfolgreich.
The application for the apprenticeship was successful.
die Bewerbung means the application, and erfolgreich means successful. Des Ausbildungsplatzes is genitive because it specifies which application is meant; the masculine noun has -es and the article is des.
Viele Jugendliche suchen Ausbildungsplätze.
Many young people are looking for apprenticeships.
viele Jugendliche means many young people, and suchen means are looking for. Ausbildungsplätze is plural and accusative after suchen; the plural has -e and an umlaut.
ausgebildet — trained, qualified
Ausgebildet usually describes someone who has completed professional or practical training. For natural emphasis, German often says gut ausgebildet or besser ausgebildet rather than using the bare comparison forms.
Die Ärztin ist gut ausgebildet.
The doctor is well trained.
die Ärztin means the female doctor and gut means well. Ausgebildet is predicative after ist, so it has no adjective ending; sein links the subject to its description.
Wir suchen eine ausgebildete Pflegekraft.
We are looking for a trained nurse.
suchen means to look for and die Pflegekraft means the nurse or care worker. Eine ausgebildete Pflegekraft is accusative because suchen takes a direct object, and the adjective has -e after the feminine indefinite article eine.
Sie ist ausgebildeter als ihr Kollege.
She is better trained than her colleague.
als means than and der Kollege means the colleague. Ausgebildeter is the comparative after ist; the comparison partner after als is normally nominative, and besser ausgebildet is often more natural in everyday German.
Von allen Bewerbern ist er am ausgebildetsten.
Of all the applicants, he is the most highly trained.
von allen Bewerbern means of all the applicants. Am ausgebildetsten is a predicative superlative after ist; von takes the dative, shown by allen Bewerbern, and am here is not a masculine article.
die Aushilfe — temporary worker; temporary help
Die Aushilfe usually means a temporary employee, especially someone working part-time or for a limited period. It can also mean temporary assistance; the plural is die Aushilfen.
Die Aushilfe arbeitet heute im Café.
The temporary worker is working in the café today.
arbeitet means is working, heute means today, and im Café means in the café. Die Aushilfe is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb arbeitet is in position two.
Der Chef sucht die Aushilfe.
The boss is looking for the temporary worker.
der Chef means the boss and sucht means is looking for. Die Aushilfe is accusative because suchen takes a direct object; its feminine article looks the same in nominative and accusative.
Ich helfe der Aushilfe im Laden.
I help the temporary worker in the shop.
helfe means help, and der Laden means the shop. Der Aushilfe is dative because helfen requires the dative; im Laden means in dem Laden, also dative for a location.
Das Fahrrad der Aushilfe steht draußen.
The temporary worker's bicycle is outside.
das Fahrrad means the bicycle, and draußen means outside. Der Aushilfe is genitive to show possession, meaning the bicycle belonging to the temporary worker; the finite verb steht is in position two.
Im Sommer arbeiten viele Aushilfen hier.
Many temporary workers work here in summer.
im Sommer means in summer, viele means many, and hier means here. Aushilfen is plural and therefore has no ending change in this sentence; the plural subject is nominative and arbeiten is in position two.
der Aushilfsjob — temporary job, part-time job
Der Aushilfsjob is a modern compound of Aushilfe and Job. It often means a part-time job taken temporarily or for extra income; the plural is Aushilfsjobs.
Der Aushilfsjob ist anstrengend.
The temporary job is tiring.
anstrengend means tiring or demanding. Der Aushilfsjob is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist is in position two.
Ich mache den Aushilfsjob nur am Wochenende.
I only do the temporary job at weekends.
nur means only, and am Wochenende means at the weekend. Den Aushilfsjob is accusative because machen takes a direct object; the finite verb mache stands in position two.
Mit dem Aushilfsjob verdiene ich mehr Geld.
I earn more money with the temporary job.
mit means with, verdiene means earn, and mehr Geld means more money. Dem Aushilfsjob is dative because mit always governs the dative; the phrase comes first, so verdiene is still in position two.
Der Lohn des Aushilfsjobs ist niedrig.
The pay for the temporary job is low.
der Lohn means the pay, and niedrig means low. Des Aushilfsjobs is genitive to identify which pay is meant; the masculine noun has des and -s in the genitive.
Viele Aushilfsjobs beginnen im Herbst.
Many temporary jobs start in autumn.
viele means many, beginnen means start, and im Herbst means in autumn. Aushilfsjobs is a plural subject in the nominative; its -s ending stays the same in this form.
der Auszubildende — trainee, apprentice
This is a masculine noun made from an adjective-like form. It is a weak noun: use der Auszubildende only in the nominative singular and den, dem, or des Auszubildenden in the other cases.
Der Auszubildende arbeitet heute in der Werkstatt.
The trainee is working in the workshop today.
arbeitet means is working, heute means today, and die Werkstatt is the workshop. Der Auszubildende is nominative because he is the subject, and arbeitet stands in position two.
Der Chef lobt den Auszubildenden.
The boss praises the trainee.
der Chef is the boss and lobt means praises. Den Auszubildenden is accusative because loben takes a direct object; the masculine noun needs -en here.
Die Kollegin hilft dem Auszubildenden.
The colleague helps the trainee.
die Kollegin is the female colleague and hilft means helps. Dem Auszubildenden is dative because helfen requires the dative; this noun keeps -en outside the nominative singular.
Das Fahrrad des Auszubildenden steht vor der Tür.
The trainee's bicycle is in front of the door.
das Fahrrad is the bicycle, steht means is standing, and vor der Tür means in front of the door. Des Auszubildenden is genitive because it shows possession, and the noun has the ending -en.
Die Auszubildenden lernen gemeinsam für die Prüfung.
The trainees study together for the exam.
lernen means study, gemeinsam means together, and die Prüfung is the exam. Die Auszubildenden is plural, and für takes the accusative.
die Auszubildende — female trainee, apprentice
This is the feminine form of der Auszubildende. It follows adjective-like declension: die Auszubildende in the nominative and accusative singular, but der Auszubildenden in the dative and genitive.
Die Auszubildende arbeitet heute in der Werkstatt.
The trainee is working in the workshop today.
arbeitet means is working, heute means today, and die Werkstatt is the workshop. Die Auszubildende is nominative because she is the subject, and arbeitet stands in position two.
Der Chef lobt die Auszubildende.
The boss praises the trainee.
der Chef is the boss and lobt means praises. Die Auszubildende is accusative because loben takes a direct object; the feminine form does not change here.
Die Kollegin hilft der Auszubildenden.
The colleague helps the trainee.
die Kollegin is the female colleague and hilft means helps. Der Auszubildenden is dative because helfen requires the dative, and the noun takes -en.
Das Fahrrad der Auszubildenden steht vor der Tür.
The trainee's bicycle is in front of the door.
das Fahrrad is the bicycle, steht means is standing, and vor der Tür means in front of the door. Der Auszubildenden is genitive because it shows possession, and the noun ends in -en.
Die Auszubildenden lernen gemeinsam für die Prüfung.
The trainees study together for the exam.
lernen means study, gemeinsam means together, and die Prüfung is the exam. Die Auszubildenden is plural, and für takes the accusative.
der Außendienst — field service, external sales
Der Außendienst is often a collective or mass noun for employees who work away from the office, so it normally has no article in phrases such as im Außendienst. The plural Außendienste is possible when several departments or kinds of field service are meant.
Der Außendienst besucht heute mehrere Kunden.
The field-service team is visiting several customers today.
besucht means visits, heute means today, and mehrere Kunden means several customers. Der Außendienst is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb besucht stands in position two.
Die Firma erweitert den Außendienst.
The company is expanding its field-service department.
die Firma means the company and erweitert means expands. Den Außendienst is accusative because erweitern takes a direct object, while the finite verb erweitert is in position two.
Ich arbeite seit drei Jahren im Außendienst.
I have been working in field service for three years.
ich arbeite means I work, seit drei Jahren means for three years, and arbeiten means work. Im Außendienst is short for in dem Außendienst; in takes the dative here because it describes a location, not movement.
Die Aufgaben des Außendienstes sind vielfältig.
The tasks of field service are varied.
die Aufgaben means the tasks, vielfältig means varied, and sind means are. Des Außendienstes is genitive because it shows whose tasks they are; the finite verb sind stands in position two.
Viele Außendienste nutzen moderne Software.
Many field-service departments use modern software.
viele means many, nutzen means use, and moderne Software means modern software. Außendienste is the plural subject in the nominative, and the finite verb nutzen stands in position two.
der Bau — construction; building; den, burrow
der Bau commonly refers to construction or a building project. It can also mean an animal's burrow or den; the plural Bauten is used for buildings and for such structures.
Der Bau dauert zwei Jahre.
The construction takes two years.
dauert means lasts, and zwei Jahre means two years. Der Bau is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb dauert stands in position two.
Die Stadt plant den Bau einer neuen Schule.
The city is planning the construction of a new school.
die Stadt is the city, plant means plans, and einer neuen Schule means of a new school. den Bau is accusative because planen takes a direct object; einer neuen Schule is genitive-like possession expressed with einer here.
Wir helfen dem Bau mit einer Spende.
We help the construction project with a donation.
helfen means help, mit einer Spende means with a donation, and Spende is a donation. dem Bau is dative because helfen governs the dative, and mit also takes the dative.
Die Kosten des Baus sind sehr hoch.
The costs of the construction are very high.
die Kosten are the costs, sehr hoch means very high. des Baus is genitive masculine and shows which construction the costs belong to; the subject die Kosten makes the verb plural, sind.
Moderne Bauten stehen am Fluss.
Modern buildings stand by the river.
moderne means modern, stehen means stand, and am Fluss means by the river. Bauten is plural nominative as the subject; am is short for an dem, with dative for a location.
Der Fuchs verschwindet in seinem Bau.
The fox disappears into its den.
der Fuchs is the fox, verschwindet means disappears, and seinem means its. in seinem Bau is dative because in describes a destination or place here; the finite verb verschwindet is in position two.
Wir entdecken einen Bau unter dem Baum.
We discover a den under the tree.
entdecken means discover, unter means under, and der Baum is the tree. einen Bau is accusative because it is the object of entdecken; unter dem Baum is dative because it describes location.
der Beamte — civil servant, public official
This is a masculine noun made from the adjective ending in -e. It is a weak noun: der Beamte is used only for the nominative singular, while all other singular cases and the plural use Beamten.
Beamte arbeiten für den Staat.
Civil servants work for the state.
arbeiten means work, and der Staat means the state. Beamte is the plural subject in the nominative, and the finite verb arbeiten stands in position two.
Die Bürger sehen den Beamten im Rathaus.
The citizens see the civil servant in the town hall.
die Bürger are the citizens, sehen means see, and das Rathaus is the town hall. den Beamten is accusative because sehen takes a direct object; this masculine noun has -en outside the nominative.
Ich spreche mit dem Beamten.
I am speaking with the civil servant.
sprechen means speak, and mit means with. mit always takes the dative, so the phrase is dem Beamten; the noun keeps its -en ending.
Das Büro des Beamten ist im ersten Stock.
The civil servant’s office is on the first floor.
das Büro means office, sein means be, and der erste Stock is the first floor. des Beamten expresses possession in the genitive, and im is short for in dem, here describing location.
Die Beamten prüfen die Dokumente.
The civil servants check the documents.
prüfen means check or examine, and die Dokumente are the documents. Die Beamten is the plural subject, and the plural form is also Beamten, with -en.
die Beamtin — female civil servant, female public official
Beamtin is the usual feminine form corresponding to Beamter. Feminine nouns ending in -in form their plural with -nen, as in Beamtinnen.
Die Beamtin arbeitet im Rathaus.
The female civil servant works in the town hall.
arbeiten means work, and das Rathaus is the town hall. Die Beamtin is the nominative subject, while im Rathaus means in the town hall and uses the dative after in for a fixed location.
Ich sehe die Beamtin jeden Montag.
I see the female civil servant every Monday.
sehen means see, and jeden Montag means every Monday. die Beamtin is accusative because sehen takes a direct object; the feminine article is unchanged in the nominative and accusative.
Ich helfe der Beamtin.
I help the female civil servant.
helfen means help. helfen always takes a dative object, so the phrase is der Beamtin, not die Beamtin.
Das Auto der Beamtin steht vor dem Haus.
The female civil servant’s car is in front of the house.
das Auto means car, stehen means stand or be located, and vor dem Haus means in front of the house. der Beamtin is genitive and shows possession; vor takes the dative here because it describes a location.
Viele Beamtinnen nehmen an der Sitzung teil.
Many female civil servants take part in the meeting.
viele means many, an einer Sitzung teilnehmen means take part in a meeting, and die Sitzung is the meeting. Beamtinnen is the plural, and the fixed expression an ... teilnehmen takes the dative: an der Sitzung.
bearbeiten — to work on, process; to edit; to process, deal with
bearbeiten usually takes an accusative object, such as einen Text or eine Aufgabe. It can mean editing, processing or working on something, not simply touching it.
Ich bearbeite heute einen wichtigen Text.
I am working on an important text today.
heute means today, wichtig means important, and der Text means text. einen wichtigen Text is accusative because bearbeiten takes a direct object, and the finite verb bearbeite stands in position two.
Wir haben den Bericht gestern bearbeitet.
We worked on the report yesterday.
der Bericht means report and gestern means yesterday. den Bericht is accusative because it is the object of bearbeiten; haben is in position two and the Partizip II bearbeitet goes to the end.
Sie bearbeitete die Aufgabe am Abend.
She worked on the task in the evening.
sie means she, die Aufgabe means task, and am Abend means in the evening. die Aufgabe is accusative as the object, and the weak past form bearbeitete stands in position two.
Bearbeite bitte diese Aufgabe.
Please work on this task.
bitte means please, diese means this, and die Aufgabe means task. The imperative bearbeite addresses du, which is left out; the accusative object follows the verb.
Ich bearbeitete die Aufgabe, wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte.
I would work on the task if I had more time.
wenn means if and mehr Zeit means more time. This sentence uses the Konjunktiv II for an unreal condition; die Aufgabe is accusative, and the finite verb stands in position two in the main clause but at the end after wenn.
Morgen werde ich den Antrag bearbeiten.
Tomorrow I will process the application.
morgen means tomorrow and der Antrag means application. In the future, werde stands in position two and the infinitive bearbeiten goes to the end; den Antrag is accusative because it is the direct object.
Die Behörde bearbeitet den Antrag schnell.
The authority processes the application quickly.
die Behörde means authority, der Antrag means application, and schnell means quickly. den Antrag is accusative because it is the object of bearbeitet, whose finite form stands in position two.
Ihre Beschwerde wird gerade bearbeitet.
Her complaint is currently being dealt with.
ihre means her, die Beschwerde means complaint, and gerade means at the moment. This is a passive sentence: wird stands in position two and bearbeitet goes to the end; the complaint is not the agent but the thing being processed.
die Bearbeitung — editing, processing; adaptation; adaptation, arrangement
die Bearbeitung is the noun from bearbeiten and can describe editing, processing or a finished adaptation. The genitive is der Bearbeitung, and the plural is die Bearbeitungen.
Die Bearbeitung des Textes dauert lange.
The editing of the text is taking a long time.
der Text means text, and lange means a long time. Die Bearbeitung is nominative because it is the subject; des Textes is genitive and means “of the text”, while the finite verb dauert stands in position two.
Ich prüfe die Bearbeitung des Berichts.
I am checking the editing of the report.
prüfen means to check and der Bericht means report. die Bearbeitung is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object, while des Berichts is genitive and identifies what was edited.
Nach der Bearbeitung sieht der Text besser aus.
After the editing, the text looks better.
nach means after, der Text means text, and besser means better. nach always takes the dative, so der Bearbeitung is dative; the finite verb sieht stands in position two.
Die Qualität der Bearbeitung ist sehr hoch.
The quality of the editing is very high.
die Qualität means quality and hoch means high. der Bearbeitung is genitive after die Qualität, expressing what kind of quality it is; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Die verschiedenen Bearbeitungen gefallen mir.
I like the different adaptations.
verschieden means different and gefallen means are pleasing to; mir means to me. Bearbeitungen is plural with die understood here, and mir is dative because gefallen gives the person who likes something the dative.
Diese Bearbeitung des Romans ist sehr modern.
This adaptation of the novel is very modern.
diese means this, der Roman means novel, and modern means modern. Diese Bearbeitung is nominative as the subject, while des Romans is genitive and means “of the novel”.
Wir hören heute eine neue Bearbeitung des Liedes.
Today we are listening to a new adaptation of the song.
heute means today, neu means new, hören means listen to, and das Lied means song. eine neue Bearbeitung is accusative because hören takes a direct object; des Liedes is genitive and identifies the original work.
beauftragen — to commission, assign, instruct
beauftragen takes the person or organisation commissioned in the accusative and often uses mit plus the dative for the task. It is not separable, and its perfect participle is beauftragt, not gebeauftragt.
Die Firma beauftragt einen Techniker mit der Reparatur.
The company commissions a technician to carry out the repair.
die Firma means company, der Techniker means technician, and die Reparatur means repair. einen Techniker is accusative as the person commissioned, while mit der Reparatur is dative because mit takes the dative.
Wir haben eine Agentur mit der Reiseplanung beauftragt.
We commissioned an agency to plan the trip.
die Agentur means agency and die Reiseplanung means trip planning. The person or organisation commissioned is accusative, while mit der Reiseplanung is dative after mit; haben is in position two and beauftragt goes to the end.
Der Direktor beauftragte einen Anwalt mit dem Fall.
The director commissioned a lawyer to handle the case.
der Direktor means director, der Anwalt means lawyer, and der Fall means case. einen Anwalt is accusative, but mit dem Fall is dative because mit requires the dative; the past verb beauftragte is in position two.
Beauftrage bitte einen Fachmann mit der Arbeit.
Please commission a specialist for the work.
bitte means please, der Fachmann means specialist, and die Arbeit means work. The imperative beauftrage addresses du; einen Fachmann is accusative and mit der Arbeit is dative after mit.
Ich beauftragte einen Handwerker, wenn ich genug Geld hätte.
I would commission a tradesperson if I had enough money.
der Handwerker means tradesperson and genug Geld means enough money. The Konjunktiv II expresses an unreal condition; einen Handwerker is accusative, and the finite verb goes to the end of the clause after wenn.
Nächste Woche wird die Stadt eine Firma mit dem Bau beauftragen.
Next week the city will commission a company to carry out the construction.
nächste Woche means next week, die Stadt means city, die Firma means company, and der Bau means construction. eine Firma is accusative, while mit dem Bau is dative after mit; wird stands in position two and beauftragen goes to the end.
befristet — fixed-term, temporary
Befristet is especially common with employment contracts, jobs, permits, and agreements that end on a stated date. The opposite is unbefristet, meaning open-ended or permanent.
Mein Arbeitsvertrag ist befristet.
My employment contract is for a fixed term.
der Arbeitsvertrag means the employment contract. Befristet is predicative after sein, so it has no adjective ending; it says that the contract ends at a specified time.
Sie sucht eine befristete Stelle.
She is looking for a temporary position.
suchen means to look for and die Stelle means the job or position. Befristete stands before a feminine accusative noun after eine and takes -e; the position being sought is the accusative object of suchen.
Der neue Vertrag ist befristeter als der alte.
The new contract is for a shorter fixed term than the old one.
der neue Vertrag means the new contract and der alte means the old one. Befristeter is predicative and has no extra adjective ending; als introduces the comparison, although this use is less common than simply stating the duration.
Dieser Vertrag ist am befristetsten.
This contract is the most limited in time.
dieser Vertrag means this contract. Am befristetsten is the predicative superlative and has no noun ending; the am-form must not be put directly before a noun.
die Beförderung — promotion; transport
In the work sense, die Beförderung usually means a promotion; in transport, it means the carrying or transport of people or goods.
Die Beförderung freut mich sehr.
The promotion makes me very happy.
freut mich sehr means makes me very happy. Die Beförderung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb freut stands in position two.
Ich habe die Beförderung bekommen.
I got the promotion.
bekommen means to get or receive. Die Beförderung is accusative because bekommen takes a direct object, while habe bekommen forms the perfect and the participle stands at the end.
Er gratuliert ihr zu der Beförderung.
He congratulates her on the promotion.
gratuliert means congratulates, and zu means on the occasion of. Ihr is dative because gratulieren takes a dative person, and zu also governs the dative, shown here by der Beförderung.
Die Vorteile der Beförderung sind klar.
The advantages of the promotion are clear.
Vorteile means advantages, and klar means clear. Der Beförderung is genitive because it specifies whose advantages they are; the plural subject Vorteile makes the verb sind plural.
Viele Beförderungen hängen von Erfahrung ab.
Many promotions depend on experience.
Viele means many, and Erfahrung means experience. Beförderungen is the plural subject, and hängen ... ab is a separable verb, so ab stands at the end of the main clause.
begründen — to justify, to give reasons for
begründen usually takes an accusative object: etwas begründen means to justify or explain something with reasons. It is not the same as simply erklären, which can explain how something works without necessarily defending it.
Sie begründet ihre Entscheidung mit den hohen Kosten.
She justifies her decision by citing the high costs.
ihre Entscheidung means “her decision”, and die hohen Kosten means “the high costs”. Mit means “with” or “by citing”; it takes the dative, so den hohen Kosten is dative plural, while ihre Entscheidung is accusative because begründen takes an accusative object.
Wir haben den Antrag gut begründet.
We gave good reasons for the application.
der Antrag means “the application”, and gut means “well”. The perfect uses haben plus begründet; the finite verb haben is in position two and the Partizip II goes to the end.
Der Autor begründete seine Kritik mit mehreren Beispielen.
The author justified his criticism with several examples.
der Autor is “the author”, seine Kritik is “his criticism”, and mehreren Beispielen means “several examples”. Seine Kritik is accusative after begründete, while mit forces the dative plural mehreren Beispielen.
Begründe bitte deine Meinung.
Please give reasons for your opinion.
bitte means “please”, and deine Meinung means “your opinion”. The imperative Begründe addresses du, whose pronoun is omitted; deine Meinung is accusative because it is the object of the verb.
Er würde seine Entscheidung anders begründen, wenn er mehr Zeit hätte.
He would justify his decision differently if he had more time.
anders means “differently”, and mehr Zeit means “more time”. Würde ... begründen expresses a hypothetical situation; hätte is at the end of the wenn clause because subordinate clauses send the finite verb to the end.
Die Sprecherin wird den Plan morgen begründen.
The spokeswoman will justify the plan tomorrow.
die Sprecherin means “the spokeswoman”, der Plan means “the plan”, and morgen means “tomorrow”. Future uses wird in position two and the infinitive begründen at the end; den Plan is accusative.
die Belegschaft — workforce, employees
Die Belegschaft is a collective noun: grammatically singular, it refers to all employees together. For individual employees, use die Mitarbeiter or die Beschäftigten.
Die Belegschaft trifft sich heute in der Kantine.
The workforce is meeting in the canteen today.
trifft sich means meets, and heute means today; die Kantine is the canteen. Die Belegschaft is nominative because it is the subject, and the reflexive phrase sich treffen has the finite verb trifft in position two.
Der Chef lobt die Belegschaft für ihre gute Arbeit.
The boss praises the workforce for its good work.
der Chef is the boss, lobt means praises, and gute Arbeit means good work. Die Belegschaft is accusative because loben takes an accusative object; für also takes the accusative in für ihre gute Arbeit.
Der Chef spricht mit der Belegschaft über die neuen Pläne.
The boss talks with the workforce about the new plans.
spricht means talks, über means about here, and die neuen Pläne are the new plans. Mit forces the dative, so der Belegschaft is dative; über with this meaning takes the accusative.
Die Meinung der Belegschaft ist wichtig.
The workforce’s opinion is important.
die Meinung is the opinion, and wichtig means important. Der Belegschaft is genitive because it means of the workforce; the feminine genitive article is der, not die.
Viele Belegschaften kämpfen für bessere Arbeitsbedingungen.
Many workforces are fighting for better working conditions.
viele means many, kämpfen means fight, and bessere Arbeitsbedingungen means better working conditions. Belegschaften is plural and nominative as the subject; für takes the accusative in für bessere Arbeitsbedingungen.
die Beratung — consultation, advice
Die Beratung can mean advice in general or a particular consultation. It is related to the verb beraten and is common for professional help, for example with money, health, or official matters.
Die Beratung beginnt um neun Uhr.
The consultation starts at nine o’clock.
beginnt means starts and um neun Uhr means at nine o’clock. Die Beratung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb beginnt stands in position two.
Ich brauche eine Beratung.
I need a consultation.
ich brauche means I need. Eine Beratung is accusative because brauchen takes a direct object; the feminine article changes from nominative die to accusative eine after ich.
Nach dem Termin gehe ich zu einer Beratung.
After the appointment, I am going to a consultation.
nach dem Termin means after the appointment, and gehen means go. Zu always takes the dative, so einer Beratung is dative; the finite verb gehe is in position two even though the sentence begins with a time phrase.
Die Dauer der Beratung ist eine Stunde.
The duration of the consultation is one hour.
die Dauer means the duration and eine Stunde means one hour. Der Beratung is genitive because it identifies whose duration is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Die Beratungen finden online statt.
The consultations take place online.
finden ... statt means take place, and online means online. Die Beratungen is plural and nominative because it is the subject; the separable verb stattfinden splits, with finden in position two and statt at the end.
bereitstellen — to provide; to make available
Bereitstellen is separable in finite main clauses: stellt etwas bereit. The thing provided is accusative, and a recipient or user can be added in the dative.
Die Schule stellt den Schülern Computer bereit.
The school provides the pupils with computers.
die Schule means the school, den Schülern means the pupils, and Computer means computers. Den Schülern is dative for the users, while Computer is accusative for what is provided; stellt is in position two and bereit goes to the end.
Die Stadt hat den Bewohnern Wasser bereitgestellt.
The city provided the residents with water.
die Stadt means the city, den Bewohnern means the residents, and Wasser means water. Den Bewohnern is dative and Wasser is accusative; hat stands in position two and the combined Partizip II bereitgestellt goes to the end.
Der Verein stellte kostenloses Material bereit.
The organisation provided free materials.
der Verein means the organisation, kostenlos means free of charge, and das Material means the material or materials. Kostenloses Material is accusative as the thing provided; the past-tense stem stellte is in position two and bereit is separated to the end.
Stell bitte einen Stuhl bereit.
Please provide a chair.
bitte means please and einen Stuhl means a chair. The imperative addresses one person; einen Stuhl is accusative, and the separable prefix bereit comes at the end.
Ich würde mehr Geld bereitstellen, wenn das Projekt sicher wäre.
I would provide more money if the project were safe.
mehr Geld means more money, das Projekt means the project, and sicher means safe. After würde, the infinitive bereitstellen stays together at the end; mehr Geld is accusative as what would be provided.
Die Regierung wird zusätzliche Mittel bereitstellen.
The government will provide additional funds.
die Regierung means the government, zusätzlich means additional, and die Mittel means the funds or resources. Wird is in position two and the infinitive bereitstellen goes to the end; zusätzliche Mittel is accusative.
beruflich — professional, work-related
Beruflich refers to work or a career, while privat refers to private life. It is often used with nouns such as Erfahrung, Ziele, and Ausbildung.
Meine Arbeit ist sehr beruflich.
My work is very professional.
meine Arbeit means my work, and sehr means very. Beruflich follows the verb ist, so it is predicative and has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Sie sucht eine neue berufliche Herausforderung.
She is looking for a new professional challenge.
sie is she, eine neue Herausforderung is a new challenge, and sucht means is looking for. Berufliche stands before the feminine accusative noun Herausforderung and therefore takes the ending -e after eine.
Seine Ziele sind heute beruflicher als früher.
His goals are more career-related today than before.
seine Ziele means his goals, heute means today, and früher means before or in the past. The comparative beruflicher is predicative after sind; als introduces the thing used for comparison.
Das ist die am beruflichsten orientierte Schule der Stadt.
That is the most career-oriented school in the city.
die Schule is the school, orientiert means oriented, and der Stadt means of the city. Am beruflichsten modifies orientierte in a fixed superlative expression; the superlative compares this school with all the others.
die Berufsausbildung — vocational training, apprenticeship
A Berufsausbildung prepares someone for a specific job and often includes both workplace training and vocational school. The phrase eine Berufsausbildung machen means to complete or undergo vocational training.
Die Berufsausbildung dauert drei Jahre.
The vocational training lasts three years.
dauert means lasts, and drei Jahre means three years. Die Berufsausbildung is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb dauert stands in position two.
Ich beginne die Berufsausbildung im September.
I am starting the vocational training in September.
ich is I, beginne means start, and im September means in September. Die Berufsausbildung is accusative because beginnen takes a direct object; the finite verb beginne is in position two.
Nach der Schule hilft er bei der Berufsausbildung.
After school, he helps with the vocational training.
nach der Schule means after school, and hilft means helps. Bei always takes the dative, so der Berufsausbildung is dative; the finite verb hilft remains in position two after the opening phrase.
Die Dauer der Berufsausbildung ist geregelt.
The duration of the vocational training is regulated.
die Dauer means the duration, and geregelt means regulated. Der Berufsausbildung is genitive because it identifies whose duration is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Viele Berufsausbildungen beginnen im August.
Many vocational training programmes begin in August.
viele means many, and beginnen means begin. Berufsausbildungen is the plural subject, so the article is not needed here; the finite verb beginnen stands in position two.
die Berufsberatung — career counselling
Berufsberatung is advice about choosing a profession or training, not general personal counselling. It is often used with zur Berufsberatung gehen, meaning to go to career counselling.
Die Berufsberatung hilft jungen Menschen.
Career counselling helps young people.
hilft means helps, and jungen Menschen means young people. Die Berufsberatung is nominative as the subject, while jungen Menschen is dative because helfen takes a dative person; hilft stands in position two.
Ich brauche die Berufsberatung vor dem Studium.
I need career counselling before university.
ich brauche means I need, vor means before, and das Studium means university studies. Die Berufsberatung is accusative because brauchen takes a direct object; vor dem Studium is a time phrase with dative.
Wir sprechen mit der Berufsberatung.
We are talking with career counselling services.
wir sprechen means we are talking, and mit means with. Mit always takes the dative, so der Berufsberatung is dative; the finite verb sprechen stands in position two.
Die Aufgabe der Berufsberatung ist wichtig.
The task of career counselling is important.
die Aufgabe means the task, and wichtig means important. Der Berufsberatung is genitive because it shows whose task is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
In der Stadt gibt es mehrere Berufsberatungen.
There are several career-counselling services in the city.
in der Stadt means in the city, gibt es means there are, and mehrere means several. After es gibt, the plural noun is accusative, although its form is the same as nominative; gibt stands in position two.
die Berufserfahrung — professional experience
Berufserfahrung means experience gained through work, not simply knowledge of a profession. It is normally uncountable, so say viel Berufserfahrung rather than using a plural.
Berufserfahrung ist für diese Stelle wichtig.
Professional experience is important for this position.
die Stelle means the position or job, and wichtig means important. Berufserfahrung is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Der Arbeitgeber verlangt Berufserfahrung.
The employer requires professional experience.
der Arbeitgeber is the employer, and verlangt means requires. Berufserfahrung is accusative because verlangen takes a direct object; the finite verb verlangt is in position two.
Mit Berufserfahrung findet man leichter eine Stelle.
With professional experience, it is easier to find a job.
mit means with, leichter means more easily, and eine Stelle means a job or position. Berufserfahrung is dative because mit always takes the dative; the phrase with mit occupies position one, so findet comes next.
Die Bedeutung der Berufserfahrung wird oft unterschätzt.
The importance of professional experience is often underestimated.
die Bedeutung means the importance, and unterschätzt means underestimated. der Berufserfahrung is genitive because it specifies whose importance is meant; wird unterschätzt is a passive verb bracket.
Viele Bewerber haben Berufserfahrung in diesem Bereich.
Many applicants have professional experience in this field.
viele Bewerber means many applicants, and der Bereich means the field or area. Berufserfahrung is an uncountable noun here, so it has no plural; haben takes it as an accusative object.
das Berufsleben — working life, professional life
Berufsleben means the period of life connected with working, not one particular job. It is normally a mass noun with no plural, and the common expression ins Berufsleben einsteigen means to enter working life.
Das Berufsleben beginnt für viele Menschen nach der Ausbildung.
For many people, working life begins after their training.
beginnt means begins, für viele Menschen means for many people, and die Ausbildung means training or vocational education. Berufsleben is nominative because it is the subject; nach der Ausbildung is a dative phrase showing the time after which it begins.
Viele Menschen planen ihr Berufsleben früh.
Many people plan their working life early.
viele Menschen means many people, planen means plan, and früh means early. ihr Berufsleben is accusative because planen takes a direct object; the finite verb planen stands in position two.
Im Berufsleben lernt man ständig etwas Neues.
In working life, people are constantly learning something new.
im means in dem, ständig means constantly, and etwas Neues means something new. Berufsleben is dative after in because the phrase describes a general area or situation rather than movement into it; lernt is in position two.
Die Anforderungen des Berufslebens ändern sich ständig.
The demands of working life are constantly changing.
die Anforderungen means the demands, and ändern sich means are changing. des Berufslebens is genitive because it identifies the life whose demands are meant; sich belongs to the reflexive verb ändern sich.
Ein gutes Gleichgewicht zwischen Arbeit und Freizeit ist im Berufsleben wichtig.
A good balance between work and free time is important in working life.
ein gutes Gleichgewicht means a good balance, zwischen Arbeit und Freizeit means between work and free time, and wichtig means important. im Berufsleben is dative after in because it describes the setting; ist is in position two and wichtig is a predicative adjective.