German Student Dictionary — Part 35

Dictionary entries, alphabetical: heiraten – Herr.

Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural

heiraten — to marry (to get married)

Conjugation: ich heirate, du heiratest, er/sie/es heiratet, wir heiraten, ihr heiratet, sie heiraten (regular weak verb, no stem change — the dictionary's own conjugation table was OCR-scrambled and is reconstructed here). Takes a direct object in Akkusativ — "jemanden heiraten" (to marry someone), unlike English "to marry with someone."

Robert und Jane heiraten morgen.

Robert and Jane are getting married tomorrow.

heiraten = to marry/get married · morgen = tomorrow. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Sie will einen reichen Mann heiraten.

She wants to marry a rich man.

wollen = to want to (modal) · reich = rich · der Mann, ä-er = man. "Einen reichen Mann" is a direct object (Akkusativ) — no preposition needed before the person being married.

heiß — hot

Corrected from the OCR-garbled headword "heiB" → "heiß" (a common misread: ß scanned as a capital B). Comparative/superlative: heiß → heißer → am heißesten (regular).

Es ist draußen heiß.

It's hot outside.

Predicate use after "ist" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "1st"/"drauBen"/"heiB" → "ist"/"draußen"/"heiß."

Sei vorsichtig! Der Herd ist heiß!

Be careful! The stove is hot!

vorsichtig = careful · der Herd, -e = stove (see entry below). Predicate use after "ist" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "1st"/"heiB" → "ist"/"heiß"; translated here as "stove" rather than "oven" to match "Herd" precisely.

heißen — to be called (named)

Conjugation: ich heiße, du heißt, er/sie/es heißt, wir heißen, ihr heißt, sie heißen. Corrected from the OCR-garbled headword "heiBen" and the scrambled conjugation table ("heifie," "heifien," "heifit") → "heiße," "heißen," "heißt" — the "fi" digraph is a common OCR misread of "ß," the same way "B" is elsewhere.

Wie heißt dein Vetter?

What is your cousin's name?

heißen = to be called/named · der Vetter, -n = cousin (m.). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "heifit" → "heißt."

Ich heiße Anna.

My name is Anna.

Ich-form: "heiße." A standard way to introduce yourself, literally "I am called Anna."

heiter — cheerful

Comparative/superlative: heiter → heiterer → am heitersten (regular).

Die Kinder waren heute in einer heiteren Stimmung.

The children were in a cheerful mood today.

das Kind, -er = child · die Stimmung, -en = mood. "Heiteren" — attributive ending after "einer" (feminin Dativ, after "in"). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

helfen, er hilft — to help

Conjugation: ich helfe, du hilfst, er/sie/es hilft, wir helfen, ihr helft, sie helfen (stem change e → i in du/er-sie-es; the dictionary's own conjugation table was OCR-scrambled and is reconstructed here). Always governs Dativ — "jemandem helfen," not Akkusativ. Bundled in the source with the noun Hilfe, die (help) and the exclamation Hilfe! (Help!) — see the entry just below.

Ich helfe meinem Vater bei der Vorbereitung des Abendessens.

I help my father prepare dinner.

helfen (+ Dativ) = to help · meinem Vater = my father (Dativ, required by "helfen") · die Vorbereitung, -en = preparation · das Abendessen, - = dinner/evening meal. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the garbled OCR "/ *help ray father prepare dinner*" → "I help my father prepare dinner."

Können Sie mir bitte helfen?

Can you help me, please?

können = can/to be able to · mir = me (Dativ, required by "helfen"). Modal + infinitive at the end — "helfen" stays uninflected. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Konnen" → "Können."

die Hilfe — help

Plural: die Hilfen (rare — mainly used for concrete aids or specific instances of assistance, e.g. "visuelle Hilfen" = visual aids; in everyday speech "Hilfe" is usually treated as one uncountable idea, as in "Ich brauche Hilfe"). Built from the verb helfen just above. Bundled in the source with the exclamation Hilfe! = Help! — used alone, with no article, as a cry for help. The source gives no separate example sentence for "Hilfe" itself (only for "helfen"), so all six examples below are built fresh.

Nom Die Hilfe kam genau rechtzeitig.

The help came just in time.

die Hilfe (feminin) = help · rechtzeitig = in time. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hilfe is the subject.

Akk Wir konnten die Hilfe gut gebrauchen.

We could really use the help.

gebrauchen = to use/need. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Hilfe is the direct object here.

Dat Er löst das Problem mit der Hilfe seines Freundes.

He solves the problem with his friend's help.

lösen = to solve · das Problem, -e = problem. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "mit."

Nom Eine kleine Hilfe reicht schon.

A little help is already enough.

reichen = to be enough/suffice. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Er bietet eine schnelle Hilfe an.

He offers quick help.

anbieten = to offer (separable) · schnell = quick/fast. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.

Dat Der Lehrer hilft den Schülern mit den nötigen Hilfen.

The teacher helps the students with the necessary aids.

nötig = necessary · der Schüler, - = student. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hilfen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.

der Helm — helmet

Plural: die Helme.

Nom Der Helm schützt den Kopf.

The helmet protects the head.

der Helm (maskulin) = helmet · schützen = to protect · der Kopf, ö-e = head. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Helm is the subject.

Akk Der Polizist trägt den Helm bei der Arbeit.

The police officer wears the helmet at work.

der Polizist, -en = police officer (weak noun) · tragen = to wear. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Helm is the direct object.

Dat Unter dem Helm ist es heiß.

Under the helmet it's hot.

unter (+ Dativ for a fixed location) = under · heiß = hot (see the entry above). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).

Nom Ein Helm liegt auf dem Motorrad.

A helmet is lying on the motorcycle.

liegen = to lie/be lying · das Motorrad, ä-er = motorcycle. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."

Akk Man muss einen Sturzhelm tragen, wenn man Motorrad fährt.

You must wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle.

müssen = must · der Sturzhelm, -e = crash helmet, a compound built from "Helm" · fahren = to drive/ride. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den. The dictionary's own example (reused here on the compound "Sturzhelm"), corrected from the OCR-garbled "fahrt" → "fährt."

Dat Die Fahrer sind mit den neuen Helmen zufrieden.

The riders are happy with the new helmets.

der Fahrer, - = rider/driver · zufrieden = happy/satisfied. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Helm adds "-n" (Helme → Helmen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

das Hemd — shirt

Plural: die Hemden.

Nom Das Hemd ist blau.

The shirt is blue.

das Hemd (neutrum) = shirt · blau = blue. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ. Hemd is the subject.

Akk Ich bügle das Hemd.

I iron the shirt.

bügeln = to iron. Neutrum Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das). Hemd is the direct object.

Dat Ein Knopf fehlt am Hemd.

A button is missing on the shirt.

der Knopf, ö-e = button · fehlen an (+ Dativ) = to be missing on. "Am" = "an dem" (contraction) — neutrum Dativ (das → dem) after "an."

Nom Ein Hemd hängt im Schrank.

A shirt is hanging in the closet.

hängen = to hang · der Schrank, ä-e = closet/wardrobe. "Ein" — neutrum Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Er trägt ein Hemd und eine Krawatte bei der Arbeit.

He wears a shirt and tie to work.

tragen = to wear · die Krawatte, -n = tie. "Ein" stays "ein" in Akkusativ — neutrum indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "das"/"das" for the definite article. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "tragt" → "trägt."

Dat Die Boutique bietet eine große Auswahl an den neuen Hemden an.

The boutique offers a large selection of the new shirts.

anbieten = to offer (separable) · die Auswahl an (+ Dativ) = selection of. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Hemd adds "-en" (Hemden) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

die Henne — hen

Plural: die Hennen.

Nom Die Henne schützt ihre Küken.

The hen protects her chicks.

die Henne (feminin) = hen · schützen = to protect · das Küken, - = chick. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the plural subject "Diese Hennen" (These hens) — singularized to "die Henne" to drill the Nominativ singular here, corrected from the OCR-garbled "schiitzen"/"Kiiken" → "schützen"/"Küken."

Akk Der Fuchs jagt die Henne.

The fox hunts the hen.

der Fuchs, ü-e = fox · jagen = to hunt. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Henne is the direct object here.

Dat Der Bauer gibt der Henne Futter.

The farmer gives the hen food.

der Bauer, -n = farmer (weak noun) · das Futter = feed/food (for animals). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).

Nom Eine Henne pickt im Hof.

A hen is pecking in the yard.

picken = to peck · der Hof, ö-e = yard/farmyard. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Er kauft eine braune Henne.

He buys a brown hen.

kaufen = to buy · braun = brown. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.

Dat Der Bauer streut den Hennen Körner.

The farmer scatters grain for the hens.

streuen = to scatter · das Korn, ö-er = grain. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hennen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.

heraus — out

Directional adverb: motion toward the speaker, out of an enclosed space (contrast "hinaus," motion away from the speaker). Common component of separable verbs, e.g. "herauskommen" (to come out), which the dictionary's own example below draws on.

Kommen Sie bitte heraus, damit wir Sie besser sehen können.

Please come out so we can see you better.

damit = so that · können = can/to be able to. Functions here as part of the separable verb "herauskommen" (to come out) — "kommen ... heraus." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "konnen" → "können."

der Herbst — autumn; fall

Plural: die Herbste (rare — seasons aren't usually pluralized; mainly appears when comparing several distinct years' autumns, e.g. "in den Herbsten der letzten Jahre").

Nom Der Herbst beginnt im September.

Autumn begins in September.

der Herbst (maskulin) = autumn/fall · beginnen = to begin. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Herbst is the subject.

Akk Ich liebe den Herbst.

I love autumn.

lieben = to love. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Herbst is the direct object.

Dat Die Blätter sind schön im Herbst.

The leaves are beautiful in autumn.

das Blatt, ä-er = leaf · schön = beautiful. "Im" = "in dem" (contraction) — maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" for a fixed point in time. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Blatter"/"schon" → "Blätter"/"schön."

Nom Ein regnerischer Herbst liegt vor uns.

A rainy autumn lies ahead of us.

regnerisch = rainy · vor uns liegen = to lie ahead of us. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."

Akk Wir erleben einen goldenen Herbst.

We are experiencing a golden autumn.

erleben = to experience · golden = golden. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.

Dat In den letzten Herbsten gab es viel Regen.

In recent autumns there was a lot of rain.

letzte = last/recent · der Regen = rain. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Herbst adds "-en" (Herbste → Herbsten) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

der Herd — stove

Plural: die Herde.

Nom Der Herd ist neu.

The stove is new.

der Herd (maskulin) = stove · neu = new. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Herd is the subject.

Akk Wir kaufen den Herd für die neue Küche.

We are buying the stove for the new kitchen.

kaufen = to buy · die Küche, -n = kitchen. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Herd is the direct object.

Dat Die Soße kocht auf dem Herd.

The sauce is cooking on the stove.

die Soße, -n = sauce · kochen = to cook. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "auf" (a fixed location). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "SoBe" → "Soße."

Nom Ein Herd steht in der Ecke.

A stove stands in the corner.

stehen = to stand · die Ecke, -n = corner. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."

Akk Sie installiert einen modernen Herd.

She is installing a modern stove.

installieren = to install · modern = modern. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.

Dat Die Firma repariert Probleme mit den alten Herden.

The company repairs problems with the old stoves.

die Firma, Firmen = company · reparieren = to repair. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Herd adds "-n" (Herde → Herden) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

hereinkommen — to come into

Separable verb: herein + kommen. In a main clause the prefix splits off to the end — "Sie kommen ... herein," not "Sie hereinkommen." Perfekt: ist hereingekommen (uses "sein," since it describes a change of location).

Sie kommen eben ins Klassenzimmer herein.

They are coming into the classroom now.

hereinkommen = to come in (separable: kommen ... herein) · eben = just now · ins = in + das (contraction) · das Klassenzimmer, - = classroom. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Kommen Sie bitte herein!

Please come in!

Formal imperative — "herein" still moves to the end. A common polite way to invite someone in.

der Herr — sir; mister (Mr.)

Weak noun: adds -n/-en in every case except Nominativ singular — den/dem Herrn, not "den/dem Herr." Plural: die Herren (also weak). The source headword bundles "(mein)" — "mein Herr" as a polite form of direct address (see the first example below, where "Herr" stays uninflected because it's a vocative, not a declined Nominativ noun phrase).

Nom Darf ich Ihren Hut nehmen, mein Herr?

May I take your hat, sir?

der Herr (maskulin) = sir/gentleman · der Hut, ü-e = hat. "Mein Herr" here is a form of direct address (vocative) — Nominativ, hence no weak -n ending, the same pattern as "der Herr." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Akk Darf ich Ihnen meinen Nachbarn, Herrn Stuart, vorstellen?

May I introduce you to my neighbor, Mr. Stuart?

vorstellen = to introduce · der Nachbar, -n = neighbor (also weak). "Herrn Stuart" — Akkusativ weak-noun ending "-n" before a name, corrected from the dictionary's own example, which left it undeclined as "Herr Stuart."

Dat Ich gebe dem Herrn die Speisekarte.

I give the gentleman the menu.

geben (+ Dativ recipient) = to give · die Speisekarte, -n = menu. "Dem Herrn" — Dativ weak-noun ending "-n" (Herr → Herrn), same as the Akkusativ.

Nom Ein Herr steht an der Tür.

A gentleman is standing at the door.

stehen = to stand · die Tür, -en = door. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, and weak nouns take no -n ending in Nominativ either, so "Herr" stays bare here.

Akk Sie sieht einen Herrn im Park.

She sees a gentleman in the park.

sehen = to see · der Park, -s = park. "Einen Herrn" — maskulin Akkusativ indefinite adds "-en" to the article (ein → einen) and the weak noun itself adds "-n" (Herr → Herrn) — both endings appear together, the pattern this word is most likely to get wrong.

Dat Die Empfangsdame begrüßt den Herren herzlich.

The receptionist greets the gentlemen warmly.

die Empfangsdame, -n = receptionist (f.) · begrüßen = to greet · herzlich = warmly. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Herr's plural is "die Herren" (weak-noun plural -en), already ending in -n, so no further ending is added.