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German Student Dictionary — Part 53
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Müll – nähen.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
der Müll — trash, garbage
Uncountable/mass noun — no natural plural, so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. Bundled in the source alongside der Mülleimer = garbage can (see its own entry next).
Nom Der Müll wird jeden Montag abgeholt.
The trash is picked up every Monday.
der Müll (maskulin) = trash/garbage · abholen = to pick up/collect (separable) · jeden Montag = every Monday. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ; Müll is the subject of this passive construction ("wird abgeholt" = is picked up). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Wir trennen den Müll nach Papier und Plastik.
We sort the trash by paper and plastic.
trennen = to sort/separate. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Müll is the direct object.
Dat Die Kinder helfen uns mit dem Müll.
The children help us with the trash.
helfen + Dativ = to help · mit = with (always Dativ). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "mit."
der Mülleimer — garbage can, trash can
Plural: die Mülleimer (unchanged). Compound: der Müll (trash) + der Eimer (bucket/bin). Bundled with der Müll in the source (previous entry).
Nom Der Mülleimer steht vor dem Haus.
The trash can is standing in front of the house.
der Mülleimer (maskulin) = garbage can · stehen = to stand · vor = in front of (+ Dativ here, no motion). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Mülleimer is the subject.
Akk Bitte leere den Mülleimer heute Abend.
Please empty the trash can tonight.
leeren = to empty · heute Abend = tonight. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Mülleimer is the direct object.
Dat Neben dem Mülleimer liegt ein Besen.
Next to the trash can lies a broom.
neben = next to (+ Dativ, no motion) · der Besen, - = broom. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "neben."
Nom Ein Mülleimer steht in jeder Küche.
A trash can stands in every kitchen.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same pattern as "der."
Akk Wir kaufen einen neuen Mülleimer.
We're buying a new trash can.
kaufen = to buy · neu = new. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat In den Mülleimern liegt viel Papier.
There is a lot of paper in the trash cans.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Mülleimer stays "Mülleimer" — nouns ending in -er don't add an extra -n in the Dativ plural.
der Mund — mouth
Plural: die Münder (umlaut + -er). Idiom bundled in the source: den Mund halten = to hold one's tongue/keep quiet (colloquial command: "Halt den Mund!" = "Shut up!").
Nom Der Mund tut mir weh.
My mouth hurts.
der Mund (maskulin) = mouth · weh tun + Dativ = to hurt (someone). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Mund is the subject.
Akk Der Zahnarzt bat mich, meinen Mund weit zu öffnen.
The dentist told me to open my mouth wide.
der Zahnarzt, ä-e = dentist · bitten = to ask/request · öffnen = to open · weit = wide. "Meinen" — possessive Akkusativ (like "einen"); Mund is the direct object of "öffnen." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Mit dem Mund voller Popcorn kann er nicht sprechen.
With his mouth full of popcorn, he can't speak.
mit = with (always Dativ) · voller = full of · sprechen = to speak. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "mit."
Nom Ein kleiner Mund passt gut zu ihrem Gesicht.
A small mouth suits her face well.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Er hat einen großen Mund.
He has a big mouth.
groß = big/large. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen). Bonus: "einen großen Mund haben" is also idiomatic for "to talk big/be a loudmouth."
Dat Man sieht das Lächeln an den Mündern der Kinder.
You can see the smile on the children's mouths.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Mund adds umlaut + "-ern" (Münder → Mündern) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Muschel — shell
Plural: die Muscheln (+ -n).
Nom Die Muschel liegt am Strand.
The shell is lying on the beach.
die Muschel (feminin) = shell · liegen = to lie · der Strand, ä-e = beach. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Muschel is the subject.
Akk Ich suche die Muschel am Strand.
I look for the shell on the beach.
suchen = to look for. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — the article never changes. The dictionary's own example uses the indefinite plural ("Ich suche Muscheln am Strand" = I look for shells on the beach); adapted below to the singular definite article for the Akkusativ drill.
Dat Das Kind spielt mit der Muschel.
The child plays with the shell.
spielen = to play · mit = with (always Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "mit."
Nom Eine Muschel glänzt in der Sonne.
A shell shimmers in the sun.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Er findet eine Muschel im Sand.
He finds a shell in the sand.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ ("eine" both times) — the article never changes for feminine nouns between these two cases.
Dat Wir basteln ein Armband aus den Muscheln.
We make a bracelet out of the shells.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Muschel's plural already ends in -n (Muscheln), so no extra -n is added.
das Museum — museum
Plural: die Museen (Latin-style plural: -um → -en, not the usual German pattern).
Nom Das Museum öffnet um neun Uhr.
The museum opens at nine o'clock.
das Museum (neutral) = museum · öffnen = to open. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Museum is the subject.
Akk Wir besuchen das Museum am Wochenende.
We visit the museum on the weekend.
besuchen = to visit · das Wochenende, -n = weekend. "Das" stays "das" in neutral Akkusativ — the article never changes.
Dat Lasst uns heute zum Kunstmuseum gehen.
Let's go to the art museum today.
lassen = to let ("lasst uns" = "let's") · das Kunstmuseum = art museum (Kunst + Museum) · gehen = to go. "Zum" = zu + dem, neutral Dativ, always used after "zu." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Nom Ein Museum eröffnet nächsten Monat.
A museum is opening next month.
"Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Sie plant ein neues Museum für die Stadt.
She's planning a new museum for the city.
Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Die Touristen interessieren sich für die Kunst in den Museen.
The tourists are interested in the art in the museums.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Museum's irregular plural Museen already ends in -n, so no extra -n is added.
die Musik — music
Uncountable/mass noun, like most abstract art forms (die Kunst, die Literatur) — no natural plural, so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. Bundled in the source alongside der Musiker = musician and das Musikinstrument = instrument (each gets its own entry below, since both are distinct standalone words).
Nom Gefällt dir klassische Musik?
Do you like classical music?
die Musik (feminin) = music · gefallen + Dativ = to please/be liked by · klassisch = classical · dir = to you (Dativ). Musik is the subject of "gefällt" (literally "does classical music please you?"), Nominativ — shown here without an article, typical for an uncountable noun in a general statement. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich höre gern die Musik von Bach.
I like listening to Bach's music.
hören = to hear/listen · gern = gladly/like to. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — the article never changes. Musik is the direct object.
Dat Die Tänzer bewegen sich zu der Musik.
The dancers move to the music.
sich bewegen = to move (oneself) · der Tänzer, - = dancer. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "zu," which always takes Dativ.
der Musiker — musician
Feminine form: die Musikerin. Plural: die Musiker (unchanged, like most maskulin nouns ending in -er). Bundled with die Musik in the source (previous entry).
Nom Der Musiker spielt Gitarre.
The musician plays guitar.
der Musiker, - (maskulin) = musician · spielen = to play · die Gitarre, -n = guitar. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Musiker is the subject.
Akk Das Publikum feiert den Musiker.
The audience celebrates the musician.
das Publikum = audience · feiern = to celebrate. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Musiker is the direct object.
Dat Der Produzent gibt dem Musiker einen neuen Vertrag.
The producer gives the musician a new contract.
der Produzent, -en = producer · geben = to give · der Vertrag, ä-e = contract. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Musiker übt jeden Tag.
A musician practices every day.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same pattern as "der."
Akk Wir suchen einen Musiker für die Band.
We're looking for a musician for the band.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Das Festival dankt den Musikern für den Abend.
The festival thanks the musicians for the evening.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Musiker stays "Musiker" — nouns ending in -er don't add an extra -n in the Dativ plural.
das Musikinstrument — instrument
Plural: die Musikinstrumente (+ -e). Compound: die Musik + das Instrument. Bundled with die Musik in the source.
Nom Das Musikinstrument klingt sehr schön.
The instrument sounds very beautiful.
das Musikinstrument, -e (neutral) = instrument · klingen = to sound. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Musikinstrument is the subject.
Akk Sie stimmt das Musikinstrument vor dem Konzert.
She tunes the instrument before the concert.
stimmen = to tune · das Konzert, -e = concert. "Das" stays "das" in neutral Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat Der Lehrer hilft dem Schüler mit dem Musikinstrument.
The teacher helps the student with the instrument.
helfen + Dativ = to help · der Schüler, - = student. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "mit."
Nom Ein Musikinstrument liegt auf dem Tisch.
An instrument is lying on the table.
"Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Jedes Kind lernt ein Musikinstrument.
Every child learns an instrument.
Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns.
Dat Im Orchester spielt man mit vielen verschiedenen Musikinstrumenten.
In the orchestra, one plays with many different instruments.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "vielen verschiedenen"); Musikinstrument adds "-n" (Musikinstrumente → Musikinstrumenten) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Muskel — muscle
Plural: die Muskeln (+ -n).
Nom Der Muskel tut nach dem Sport weh.
The muscle hurts after exercise.
der Muskel, -n (maskulin) = muscle · weh tun + Dativ = to hurt · der Sport = sport/exercise. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Muskel is the subject.
Akk Man benutzt den Muskel, wenn man läuft.
One uses the muscle when one runs.
benutzen = to use · laufen = to run. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Muskel is the direct object. The dictionary's own example asks which muscles are used, in the plural ("Welche Muskeln benutzt man, wenn man läuft?" = Which muscles do you use when you run?); adapted below to the singular definite article for the Akkusativ drill.
Dat Der Schmerz sitzt tief in dem Muskel.
The pain sits deep in the muscle.
der Schmerz, -en = pain · sitzen = to sit. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" (no motion).
Nom Ein Muskel zieht sich zusammen.
A muscle contracts.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie zerrt sich einen Muskel beim Training.
She strains a muscle during training.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Nach dem Lauf spürt sie es in den Muskeln.
After the run, she feels it in her muscles.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Muskel's plural already ends in -n (Muskeln), so no extra -n is added.
müssen — to have to, must
Modal verb, irregular: ich muss, du musst, er/sie/es muss, wir müssen, ihr müsst, sie müssen (the singular forms drop both the umlaut and the usual verb ending).
Wir müssen sehr bald losfahren.
We have to leave very soon.
müssen = to have to/must · losfahren = to leave/set off (separable) · sehr bald = very soon. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ich muss heute arbeiten.
I have to work today.
arbeiten = to work. "Muss" — ich-form, no ending and no umlaut (unlike the plural forms).
mutig — courageous
Related noun: der Mut (courage).
Wir lasen eine Geschichte über einen mutigen Helden.
We read a story about a courageous hero.
mutig = courageous · lesen = to read (lasen = simple past, wir-form) · die Geschichte, -n = story · der Held, -en = hero. "Mutigen" — adjective ending "-en" after "einen" (maskulin Akkusativ). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
die Mutter — mother
Plural: die Mütter (umlaut only, no suffix). Bundled in the source alongside der Muttertag = Mother's Day and die Mutti = mom/mama (each gets its own entry below, since both are distinct standalone words).
Nom Wann haben deine Mutter und dein Vater geheiratet?
When did your mother and father marry?
die Mutter, ü (feminin) = mother · heiraten = to marry · der Vater, ä = father. "Deine" — possessive Nominativ (like "eine"); Mutter is half of the compound subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich rufe die Mutter jeden Sonntag an.
I call my mother every Sunday.
anrufen = to call (separable) · jeden Sonntag = every Sunday. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat Das Kind schenkt der Mutter Blumen.
The child gives the mother flowers.
schenken = to give (as a present) · die Blume, -n = flower. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Mutter sorgt sich immer um ihre Kinder.
A mother always worries about her children.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Er sieht eine Mutter mit ihrem Baby im Park.
He sees a mother with her baby in the park.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ ("eine" both times) — the article never changes for feminine nouns.
Dat Der Verein dankt allen Müttern für ihre Hilfe.
The club thanks all the mothers for their help.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "allen"); Mutter's irregular plural Mütter adds "-n" (Mütter → Müttern) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Muttertag — Mother's Day
Compound: die Mutter + der Tag. Bundled with die Mutter in the source (previous entry).
Nom Der Muttertag fällt dieses Jahr auf einen Sonntag.
Mother's Day falls on a Sunday this year.
der Muttertag (maskulin) = Mother's Day · fallen auf = to fall on (a date). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Muttertag is the subject.
Akk Wir feiern den Muttertag mit der ganzen Familie.
We celebrate Mother's Day with the whole family.
feiern = to celebrate · die Familie, -n = family. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat An dem Muttertag schenken wir Blumen.
On Mother's Day we give flowers.
an + Dativ = on (with dates/days). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "an."
Nom Ein Muttertag ohne Blumen wäre ungewöhnlich.
A Mother's Day without flowers would be unusual.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie plant einen besonderen Muttertag für ihre Mutter.
She's planning a special Mother's Day for her mother.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat An den letzten Muttertagen war das Wetter schön.
On the last few Mother's Days, the weather was nice.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Muttertag adds "-en" (Muttertage → Muttertagen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Mutti — mama, mom
Informal/affectionate word for die Mutter, like "die Mama." Plural: die Muttis (+ -s, like most nouns ending in a vowel). Bundled with die Mutter in the source.
Nom Mutti (Mama) bittet mich immer, den Tisch zu decken.
Mama always asks me to set the table.
bitten = to ask/request · den Tisch decken = to set the table. Mutti is used here like a name, without an article — Nominativ, the subject of "bittet." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich vermisse die Mutti sehr.
I miss mom a lot.
vermissen = to miss (someone) · sehr = a lot/very much. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat Ich schreibe der Mutti eine Karte.
I'm writing mom a card.
schreiben = to write · die Karte, -n = card. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Mutti wartet vor der Schule.
A mom is waiting in front of the school.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Das Kind umarmt eine Mutti auf dem Spielplatz.
The child hugs a mom at the playground.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — unchanged.
Dat Auf dem Fest reden die Kinder von ihren Muttis.
At the party, the children talk about their moms.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "ihren"); Mutti adds "-s" (Muttis → Muttis) — no extra ending needed since the plural already ends in -s.
die Mütze — cap
Plural: die Mützen (+ -n).
Nom Die Mütze ist warm.
The cap is warm.
die Mütze, -n (feminin) = cap. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Mütze is the subject.
Akk Jedes Mitglied meiner Mannschaft trägt die gleiche Mütze.
Every member of my team wears the same cap.
das Mitglied, -er = member · die Mannschaft, -en = team · tragen = to wear. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged. The dictionary's own example uses the plural ("Alle Mitglieder meiner Mannschaft tragen dieselben Mützen" = All the members of my team wear the same caps); adapted below to the singular for the Akkusativ drill.
Dat Sie kämmt sich die Haare unter der Mütze.
She combs her hair under the cap.
unter + Dativ = under (no motion) · kämmen = to comb. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "unter."
Nom Eine Mütze liegt auf dem Boden.
A cap is lying on the floor.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Er kauft sich eine neue Mütze.
He buys himself a new cap.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — unchanged.
Dat Man erkennt das Team an den Mützen.
You can recognize the team by the caps.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Mütze's plural already ends in -n (Mützen), so no extra -n is added.
mysteriös — mysterious
Cognate with English "mysterious."
Das ist wirklich eine mysteriöse Sache.
That's really a mysterious thing.
mysteriös = mysterious · wirklich = really · die Sache, -n = thing/matter. "Mysteriöse" — adjective ending "-e" after "eine" (feminin Nominativ/Akkusativ). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
nach — according to; after; to (+ Dativ)
Always takes Dativ. Idiom bundled in the source: nach und nach = little by little, gradually.
Der Zeitung nach, wird es heute regnen.
According to the newspaper, it is going to rain.
die Zeitung, -en = newspaper · regnen = to rain. "Nach" following its noun (instead of preceding it) is common in this "according to" sense — "der Zeitung nach" = according to the newspaper. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ich werde nach dir gehen.
I'm going to leave after you.
gehen = to go/leave · dir = you (Dativ). Here "nach" means "after" (in sequence), always followed by Dativ. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
der Nachbar — neighbor
Feminine form: die Nachbarin. Weak noun — like der Name, der Herr — it adds -n in every case except Nominativ singular, so "der Nachbar" but never "den Nachbar." Plural: die Nachbarn.
Nom Der Nachbar hat einen großen Hund.
The neighbor has a large dog.
der Nachbar, -n (maskulin, weak) = neighbor · groß = large/big · der Hund, -e = dog. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ; weak nouns never add "-n" here. Nachbar is the subject. The dictionary's own example uses the plural ("Unsere Nachbarn haben einen großen Hund" = Our neighbors have a large dog); adapted below to the singular definite article for the Nominativ drill.
Akk Ich grüße den Nachbarn jeden Morgen.
I greet the neighbor every morning.
grüßen = to greet. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Nachbar is a weak noun and adds -n → Nachbarn, the direct object.
Dat Wir helfen dem Nachbarn beim Umzug.
We help the neighbor with the move.
helfen + Dativ = to help · der Umzug, ü-e = move/relocation. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem). Nachbarn adds -n in Dativ too (weak noun).
Nom Ein Nachbar klopft an der Tür.
A neighbor is knocking at the door.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same pattern as "der"; weak nouns still don't add -n in Nominativ.
Akk Sie kennt einen Nachbarn schon lange.
She's known a neighbor for a long time.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen), plus the weak -n (Nachbarn).
Dat Sie sprechen mit den Nachbarn über den Zaun.
They talk with the neighbors over the fence.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Nachbarn already ends in -n (weak noun plural), so no extra -n is added.
der Nachmittag — afternoon
Plural: die Nachmittage (+ -e).
Nom Der Nachmittag vergeht schnell.
The afternoon passes quickly.
der Nachmittag, -e (maskulin) = afternoon · vergehen = to pass (of time). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Nachmittag is the subject.
Akk Wir verbringen den Nachmittag im Park.
We spend the afternoon in the park.
verbringen = to spend (time) · der Park, -s = park. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Wir essen am frühen Nachmittag.
We eat in the early afternoon.
essen = to eat · früh = early. "Am" = an + dem, maskulin Dativ, always used with times of day. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Nom Ein sonniger Nachmittag liegt vor uns.
A sunny afternoon lies ahead of us.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie plant einen ruhigen Nachmittag zu Hause.
She's planning a quiet afternoon at home.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat An regnerischen Nachmittagen lesen wir gern.
On rainy afternoons, we like to read.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "regnerischen"); Nachmittag adds "-en" (Nachmittage → Nachmittagen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Nachricht — message
Plural: die Nachrichten (+ -en) — the same plural form as the mass noun "die Nachrichten" (the news, see next entry), but this singular refers to one specific message.
Nom An der Tür hängt eine Nachricht.
There is a message on the door.
die Nachricht, -en (feminin) = message · hängen = to hang · die Tür, -en = door. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite; Nachricht is the subject of "hängt" (literally "on the door hangs a message"). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich schreibe die Nachricht schnell.
I write the message quickly.
schreiben = to write. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat Ich glaube der Nachricht nicht.
I don't believe the message.
glauben + Dativ = to believe. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine wichtige Nachricht kommt gerade an.
An important message is just arriving.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Ich bekomme eine Nachricht von meiner Schwester.
I get a message from my sister.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — unchanged.
Dat Zwischen den Nachrichten liegen oft Stunden.
There are often hours between the messages.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Nachricht's plural already ends in -n (Nachrichten), so no extra -n is added.
die Nachrichten — the news
Plural-only noun — no singular form for this meaning (a single "Nachricht" is a message, see previous entry; "die Nachrichten" collectively means "the news," e.g. on TV). Bundled in the source alongside die Fernsehnachrichten = TV news, see Part 22.
Nom Ich hoffe, dass die Nachrichten gut sind!
I hope the news is good!
hoffen = to hope · dass = that. "Die Nachrichten" — Nominativ plural, the subject of "sind." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich habe die Nachrichten heute noch nicht gesehen.
I haven't seen the news yet today.
sehen = to see · noch nicht = not yet. Akkusativ plural looks identical to Nominativ.
Dat Wir glauben den Nachrichten nicht immer.
We don't always believe the news.
glauben + Dativ = to believe. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Nachrichten already ends in -n, so no extra -n is added.
nächste; -r; -s — next
Superlative of "nah" (near/close). Idiom bundled in the source: nächstes Mal = next time — the source's scan mis-reads the second word as a month name, but it means "time," not that month.
Wer ist der nächste Teilnehmer?
Who is the next participant?
der Teilnehmer, - = participant. "Nächste" — maskulin Nominativ adjective ending "-e" after "der." The dictionary's own example, unchanged (fixing the source's garbled "ist").
die Nacht — night
Plural: die Nächte (umlaut + -e). Idioms bundled in the source: gestern nacht = last night, heute nacht = tonight, nächtlich = nightly (adjective), and jede Nacht = every night.
Nom Die Nacht ist sehr kalt.
The night is very cold.
die Nacht, ä-e (feminin) = night. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Nacht is the subject.
Akk Ich verbringe die Nacht bei meiner Freundin.
I'm spending the night at my girlfriend's.
verbringen = to spend (time). "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat In der Nacht ist der Himmel voller Sterne.
At night the sky is full of stars.
der Himmel = sky · voller = full of · der Stern, -e = star. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" (no motion). The dictionary's own example uses the fixed adverb "nachts" ("Nachts ist der Himmel voller Sterne"); adapted below to the definite article for the Dativ drill.
Nom Eine lange Nacht liegt hinter uns.
A long night is behind us.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Wir erleben eine unvergessliche Nacht.
We experience an unforgettable night.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — unchanged.
Dat In den kalten Nächten bleiben wir zu Hause.
On cold nights, we stay home.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "kalten"); Nacht adds umlaut + "-en" (Nächte → Nächten) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Nachtisch — dessert
Plural: die Nachtische (+ -e). Not to be confused with der Nachttisch (nightstand — see next entry): Nachtisch ("after-course," from nach + Tisch) is what you eat after the meal.
Nom Dieser Nachtisch ist köstlich.
This dessert is delicious.
der Nachtisch, -e (maskulin) = dessert · köstlich = delicious. "Dieser" — der-word declined like the definite article; maskulin Nominativ. Nachtisch is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich bestelle den Nachtisch zuerst.
I order the dessert first.
bestellen = to order · zuerst = first. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Zu dem Nachtisch gibt es Sahne.
There's cream with the dessert.
es gibt = there is/are · die Sahne = cream. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "zu."
Nom Ein süßer Nachtisch rundet das Essen ab.
A sweet dessert rounds off the meal.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie macht einen leckeren Nachtisch.
She makes a delicious dessert.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat Bei den Nachtischen wählen wir immer Schokolade.
When it comes to desserts, we always choose chocolate.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Nachtisch adds "-en" (Nachtische → Nachtischen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Nachttisch — nightstand
Plural: die Nachttische (+ -e). Compound: die Nacht + der Tisch — literally "night table." Bundled with die Nacht in the source.
Nom Der Nachttisch steht neben dem Bett.
The nightstand stands next to the bed.
der Nachttisch, -e (maskulin) = nightstand · stehen = to stand · das Bett, -en = bed. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Nachttisch is the subject.
Akk Wir stellen den Nachttisch ins Schlafzimmer.
We put the nightstand in the bedroom.
stellen = to put/place · das Schlafzimmer, - = bedroom. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Das Buch liegt auf dem Nachttisch.
The book is lying on the nightstand.
auf + Dativ = on (no motion) · das Buch, ü-er = book. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "auf."
Nom Ein Nachttisch passt gut neben das Bett.
A nightstand fits well next to the bed.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie braucht einen Nachttisch mit Schublade.
She needs a nightstand with a drawer.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat Auf den Nachttischen stehen kleine Lampen.
There are small lamps on the nightstands.
Plural Dativ: article "den"; Nachttisch adds "-en" (Nachttische → Nachttischen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Nadel — needle
Plural: die Nadeln (+ -n).
Nom Die Nadel ist sehr spitz.
The needle is very sharp.
die Nadel, -n (feminin) = needle · spitz = sharp/pointed. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Nadel is the subject.
Akk Die Näherin braucht eine Nähnadel und Zwirn.
A seamstress needs a needle and thread.
die Näherin, -nen = seamstress · brauchen = to need · der Zwirn = thread. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite; Nähnadel ("sewing needle," a compound of nähen + Nadel) is the direct object. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Er sticht sich mit der Nadel.
He pricks himself with the needle.
sich stechen = to prick oneself · mit = with (always Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "mit."
Nom Eine Nadel liegt auf dem Boden.
A needle is lying on the floor.
"Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Ich suche eine Nadel im Nähkästchen.
I'm looking for a needle in the sewing box.
Feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — unchanged.
Dat Sie näht mit dünnen Nadeln.
She sews with thin needles.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "dünnen"); Nadel's plural already ends in -n (Nadeln), so no extra -n is added.
der Nagel — nail
Plural: die Nägel (umlaut only, no suffix).
Nom Der Nagel ist rostig.
The nail is rusty.
der Nagel, ä (maskulin) = nail · rostig = rusty. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Nagel is the subject.
Akk Hängen Sie das Bild an diesen Nagel.
Hang the picture on that nail.
hängen = to hang · das Bild, -er = picture. "Diesen" — der-word declined like the definite article; maskulin Akkusativ (dieser → diesen, mirrors der → den) after "an" (indicating direction here). Nagel is the object of the preposition. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Das Bild hängt an dem Nagel.
The picture is hanging on the nail.
hängen (intransitive) = to be hanging. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "an" (no motion, describing a fixed position).
Nom Ein Nagel steckt in der Wand.
A nail is stuck in the wall.
"Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Er schlägt einen Nagel in das Brett.
He hammers a nail into the board.
"Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat Der Zimmermann arbeitet mit rostigen Nägeln.
The carpenter works with rusty nails.
Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "rostigen"); Nagel adds umlaut + "-n" (Nägel → Nägeln) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
nahe — close, near
Related noun: die Nähe (see next entry). Can also be used as a preposition (+ Dativ): "nahe dem Bahnhof" = near the station.
Ich wohne sehr nahe bei meinem Freund.
I live very close to my friend.
wohnen = to live · bei + Dativ = near/at (someone's place). "Meinem Freund" — Dativ after "bei." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
die Nähe — neighborhood, proximity, vicinity
Abstract/uncountable noun — no natural plural, so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. Fixed phrase: "in der Nähe (von/+ Genitiv)" = nearby, in the vicinity (of).
Nom Die Nähe zum Stadtzentrum ist ein Vorteil.
The proximity to downtown is an advantage.
die Nähe (feminin) = proximity/vicinity · das Stadtzentrum = city/downtown center · der Vorteil, -e = advantage. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Nähe is the subject.
Akk Ich schätze die Nähe zu meiner Familie.
I value the closeness to my family.
schätzen = to value/appreciate. "Die" stays "die" in feminin Akkusativ — unchanged.
Dat Wir wohnen in der Nähe des Flughafens.
We live in the vicinity of the airport.
wohnen = to live · der Flughafen, ä = airport. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" (no motion). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
nähen — to sew
Regular (weak) verb: ich nähe, du nähst, er/sie/es näht, wir nähen, ihr näht, sie nähen. Separable compound in the source's example: annähen (to sew on) = an + nähen. Related noun: die Nähmaschine = sewing machine, see Part 51.
Meine Oma näht mir ein Kleid.
My grandma is sewing me a dress.
nähen = to sew · die Oma, -s = grandma · das Kleid, -er = dress.
Kannst du mir einen neuen Knopf annähen?
Can you sew a new button on for me?
der Knopf, ö-e = button · annähen = to sew on (separable: näht … an). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.