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Vocab: Drink — A1
Drink vocabulary at A1 level.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
der Alkohol — alcohol
Alkohol is usually a mass noun when it means the substance in general, so the singular is much more common. The plural Alkohole refers to different chemical types.
Alkohol ist für Kinder nicht geeignet.
Alcohol is not suitable for children.
für Kinder means for children, and nicht geeignet means not suitable. Alkohol is nominative as the subject and is normally uncountable here; für Kinder is accusative because für governs the accusative.
Viele Menschen trinken keinen Alkohol.
Many people do not drink alcohol.
viele Menschen means many people, and keinen means no or not any. Keinen Alkohol is accusative because trinken takes a direct object; the negation word keinen replaces the usual masculine article.
Mit Alkohol fährt man nicht Auto.
You must not drive with alcohol in your system.
mit means with, fährt means drives, and Auto fahren means to drive. Alkohol is dative after mit, although the form has no visible ending; man gives the general meaning you or people.
Der Geruch des Alkohols ist stark.
The smell of the alcohol is strong.
der Geruch means the smell, and stark means strong. Des Alkohols is genitive because it means of the alcohol; the noun adds -s in the genitive.
In manchen Ländern sind Alkohole verboten.
In some countries, types of alcohol are forbidden.
in manchen Ländern means in some countries, and verboten means forbidden. Alkohole is plural here because the sentence refers to different kinds of alcohol, and the plural verb sind follows the plural subject.
der Apfelsaft — apple juice
Apfelsaft is normally a mass noun when talking about juice in general, but it also has a plural, Apfelsäfte, for different juices or servings. The word combines Apfel and Saft.
Der Apfelsaft ist kalt.
The apple juice is cold.
kalt means cold. der Apfelsaft is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke den Apfelsaft.
I am drinking the apple juice.
trinke means drink. den Apfelsaft is accusative because trinken takes a direct object, and the finite verb trinke is in position two.
Sie hilft mir mit dem Apfelsaft.
She helps me with the apple juice.
hilft means helps and mir means me. dem Apfelsaft is dative because mit always takes the dative; the finite verb hilft is in position two.
Die Farbe des Apfelsafts ist dunkel.
The colour of the apple juice is dark.
die Farbe means the colour and dunkel means dark. des Apfelsafts is genitive because it shows which colour; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Im Laden stehen viele Apfelsäfte.
There are many apple juices in the shop.
im Laden means in the shop and viele means many. Apfelsäfte is plural, with an umlaut and -e; im Laden is dative because it describes location.
das Bier — beer
Bier is usually uncountable when talking about the drink in general, as in Ich trinke gern Bier. The plural Biere is used for different beers or types of beer.
Das Bier ist kalt.
The beer is cold.
kalt means cold. Das Bier is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich bestelle ein Bier.
I order a beer.
bestellen means to order. ein Bier is accusative because bestellen takes a direct object, and the finite verb bestelle is in position two.
Ich trinke mit meinem Freund ein Bier.
I am having a beer with my friend.
trinken means to drink, and mein Freund is my friend. meinem Freund is dative because mit always takes the dative; ein Bier is the accusative object of trinke.
Der Geschmack des Bieres ist mild.
The taste of the beer is mild.
der Geschmack means the taste, and mild means mild. des Bieres is genitive because it says whose taste it is; the subject is Der Geschmack, so the verb is singular ist.
Die Biere stehen im Kühlschrank.
The beers are in the fridge.
stehen means are standing or are placed, and der Kühlschrank is the fridge. Biere is plural and the subject, while im Kühlschrank means in the fridge and is dative because it describes a location.
die Cola — cola
Cola is often treated as a mass noun when referring to the drink in general, as in Ich trinke Cola. The plural Colas is used for several glasses, bottles or varieties.
Die Cola ist kalt.
The cola is cold.
kalt means cold. Die Cola is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist is in position two.
Ich trinke die Cola.
I am drinking the cola.
trinken means to drink. die Cola is accusative because trinken takes a direct object, and the finite verb trinke is in position two.
Ich gebe der Cola Eiswürfel.
I am putting ice cubes in the cola.
geben means to give or put, and Eiswürfel means ice cubes. der Cola is dative because it is the recipient or destination of the ice cubes; the direct object Eiswürfel is accusative.
Der Geschmack der Cola ist süß.
The taste of the cola is sweet.
der Geschmack means the taste, and süß means sweet. der Cola is genitive to show which drink the taste belongs to; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Im Kühlschrank stehen drei Colas.
There are three colas in the fridge.
im Kühlschrank means in the fridge, stehen means are standing or are placed, and drei means three. Colas is plural after drei; because the location comes first, the finite verb stehen is still in position two, before the subject.
der Durst — thirst
Durst haben means “to be thirsty”, literally “to have thirst”. Durst is normally a mass noun, so it has no plural; for a drink, say ein Getränk rather than using a plural of Durst.
Durst ist ein Zeichen dafür, dass ich etwas trinken muss.
Thirst is a sign that I need to drink something.
ein Zeichen is a sign, dafür means for that, and trinken means drink. Durst is nominative because it is the subject; in the subordinate clause introduced by dass, the finite verb muss goes to the end.
Ich habe Durst.
I am thirsty.
Ich habe Durst is the fixed German expression for “I am thirsty”. Durst is an uncountable masculine noun used without an article in this expression; habe is in position two.
Nach dem Sport trinke ich wegen des Durstes viel Wasser.
After sport, I drink a lot of water because of my thirst.
nach dem Sport means after sport, wegen means because of, and viel Wasser means a lot of water. Nach takes the dative, while wegen des Durstes traditionally takes the genitive; the verb trinke is in position two after the opening phrase.
Die Ursache des Durstes ist noch unbekannt.
The cause of the thirst is still unknown.
die Ursache is the cause, noch means still, and unbekannt means unknown. Des Durstes is genitive because it specifies the cause of what; the masculine noun has the ending -es.
Nach der Wanderung hatten alle großen Durst.
After the hike, everyone was very thirsty.
die Wanderung is the hike, alle means everyone, and großen means great or strong. Großen Durst haben is a fixed expression meaning to be very thirsty; nach der Wanderung takes the dative and the finite verb hatten is in position two.
durstig — thirsty
durstig normally describes a person or animal who needs a drink. It is used with sein, not as a verb; the opposite is satt in the sense of not needing more food, but for drinks the useful opposite is nicht durstig.
Nach dem Sport bin ich sehr durstig.
I am very thirsty after doing sport.
nach dem Sport means after sport, and sehr means very. bin is the finite form of sein and stands in position two; durstig is predicative, so it has no adjective ending.
Der durstige Hund wartet vor der Tür.
The thirsty dog is waiting in front of the door.
der Hund is the dog, wartet means is waiting, and vor der Tür means in front of the door. durstige comes before the masculine noun Hund and takes an adjective ending after der; the finite verb wartet is in position two.
Nach der langen Wanderung war ich durstiger als vorher.
After the long hike, I was thirstier than before.
die lange Wanderung means the long hike, and vorher means before. durstiger is used with als for a comparison; war is the past form of sein and stands in position two.
Nach zehn Kilometern war er am durstigsten.
After ten kilometres, he was the thirstiest.
zehn Kilometer means ten kilometres, and am ...-sten expresses the superlative in a predicative phrase. war stands in position two, while am durstigsten comes after the subject and describes er.
der Eiswürfel — ice cube
der Eiswürfel is a small cube of ice used in drinks. The plural is die Eiswürfel, with no ending; the genitive singular is des Eiswürfels.
Der Eiswürfel schwimmt im Glas.
The ice cube is floating in the glass.
schwimmt means floats, and im Glas means in the glass. Der Eiswürfel is nominative because it is the subject; im is short for in dem and describes a location.
Ich nehme einen Eiswürfel.
I take an ice cube.
nehmen means to take, and einen means a in the masculine accusative. einen Eiswürfel is accusative because nehmen takes a direct object.
Gib dem Eiswürfel ein Glas Wasser.
Give the ice cube a glass of water.
gib means give, and ein Glas Wasser means a glass of water. dem Eiswürfel is dative because it is the recipient of geben; the thing given, ein Glas Wasser, is accusative.
Die Größe des Eiswürfels passt zum Glas.
The size of the ice cube fits the glass.
die Größe means size, and passt zum Glas means fits the glass. des Eiswürfels is genitive because it identifies whose size; zum is short for zu dem and takes the dative.
Die Eiswürfel sind schnell geschmolzen.
The ice cubes melted quickly.
schnell means quickly, and geschmolzen means melted. Die Eiswürfel is plural and has no noun ending; sind geschmolzen is the perfect of schmelzen.
die Flasche — bottle
The material is expressed with aus, as in aus Glas or aus Plastik. The top of a bottle is der Deckel.
Die Flasche ist leer.
The bottle is empty.
leer means empty. Die Flasche is nominative because it is the subject, and ist is in position two.
Ich kaufe eine Flasche.
I am buying a bottle.
kaufen means to buy. eine Flasche is accusative because it is the direct object; the feminine article looks the same in nominative and accusative.
Er gibt mir eine Flasche.
He gives me a bottle.
gibt means gives and mir means to me. mir is dative as the recipient, while eine Flasche is accusative as the thing given.
Der Deckel der Flasche ist kaputt.
The bottle cap is broken.
der Deckel means the cap and kaputt means broken. der Flasche is genitive because it identifies which cap.
Die Flaschen stehen auf dem Tisch.
The bottles are on the table.
stehen means are standing and der Tisch means table. Flaschen is plural with die; dem Tisch is dative because auf describes a fixed location.
frisch — fresh; new, lively, refreshed
For food, frisch means recently made, picked, or bought and still good. The opposite can be alt for bread or verdorben for spoiled food.
Das Brot ist frisch.
The bread is fresh.
das Brot means the bread. frisch is predicative after ist, so it has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich kaufe frische Brötchen.
I am buying fresh bread rolls.
kaufe means buy and Brötchen means bread rolls. frische describes the plural accusative object after kaufe and takes -e because there is no article before the plural noun.
Dieses Brot ist frischer als das von gestern.
This bread is fresher than yesterday's bread.
dieses Brot means this bread and von gestern means from yesterday. frischer compares two kinds of bread and is followed by als; after ist, it is predicative and has no ending.
Der Salat ist heute am frischesten.
The salad is the freshest today.
der Salat means the salad and heute means today. am frischesten is the predicative superlative after ist; use this am form after the verb, not before a noun.
Wir brauchen frische Luft.
We need some fresh air.
brauchen means need and Luft means air. frische Luft is the accusative object of brauchen; the feminine adjective takes -e after the unmarked quantity word etwas is understood.
Nach dem Urlaub fühle ich mich frisch.
After the holiday, I feel refreshed.
nach dem Urlaub means after the holiday and fühle ich mich means I feel. mich is accusative because sich fühlen uses an accusative reflexive pronoun, while frisch is predicative and stays unchanged.
das Getränk — drink, beverage
Getränk is a countable neuter noun, so its plural is Getränke. It can refer to an alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink; the context normally makes this clear.
Das Getränk ist sehr kalt.
The drink is very cold.
sehr kalt means very cold. Getränk is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich bestelle ein Getränk.
I am ordering a drink.
bestelle means order, and ein means a. ein Getränk is accusative because bestellen takes a direct object; the neuter article looks the same in nominative and accusative.
Sie gibt dem Kind ein Getränk.
She gives the child a drink.
gibt means gives, dem Kind means to the child, and ein means a. dem Kind is dative because it is the recipient, while ein Getränk is accusative because it is the thing given.
Der Geschmack des Getränks ist süß.
The taste of the drink is sweet.
Geschmack means taste, and süß means sweet. des Getränks is genitive because it tells us whose taste it is; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Auf dem Tisch stehen viele Getränke.
There are many drinks on the table.
auf dem Tisch means on the table, stehen means are standing, and viele means many. Getränke is plural and nominative because it is the subject; auf takes the dative for a location, so dem Tisch is dative.
das Glas — glass; drinking glass; glass (material)
As a container, das Glas can mean both the vessel and the quantity it holds. The material is also called das Glas, but its plural is normally not used when speaking about the material.
Das Glas ist leer.
The glass is empty.
leer means empty. Das Glas is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich nehme ein Glas.
I am taking a glass.
nehme means take. Ein Glas is accusative because it is the direct object of nehme, and the finite verb is in position two.
Sie gibt mir ein Glas.
She gives me a glass.
gibt means gives and mir means to me. Mir is dative because it is the recipient, while ein Glas is accusative as the thing given.
Der Rand des Glases ist sauber.
The rim of the glass is clean.
Der Rand means the rim and sauber means clean. Des Glases is genitive because it shows which glass the rim belongs to; the noun takes -es in this form.
Auf dem Tisch stehen drei Gläser.
There are three glasses on the table.
Auf dem Tisch means on the table, stehen means stand, and drei means three. Gläser is plural after drei, while auf dem Tisch is dative because it describes location.
Kannst du mir ein Glas Wasser geben?
Can you give me a glass of water?
Kannst du means can you, mir means to me, and Wasser is water. Mir is dative as the recipient and ein Glas Wasser is accusative as the object; the modal verb kannst is in position two and geben goes to the end.
Die Flasche ist aus Glas.
The bottle is made of glass.
Die Flasche means the bottle and aus means made of or from. Aus Glas uses the material word without an article, and aus always governs the dative even though the neuter form is not visibly marked here.
Vorsicht, das Glas ist heiß!
Careful, the glass is hot!
Vorsicht means careful or watch out, and heiß means hot. Das Glas is nominative as the subject of ist, and the warning uses a normal main-clause word order.
der Kaffee — coffee
Kaffee is usually a mass noun with no plural when you mean the drink in general. Kaffees is possible when you mean different types, servings, or cups of coffee.
Der Kaffee ist noch heiß.
The coffee is still hot.
noch means still and heiß means hot. Der Kaffee is nominative because it is the subject, and ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke den Kaffee jeden Morgen.
I drink coffee every morning.
trinke means drink and jeden Morgen means every morning. Den Kaffee is accusative because trinken takes a direct object; trinke stands in position two, while jeden Morgen is a time expression.
Meine Freundin gibt dem Kaffee Zucker.
My friend adds sugar to the coffee.
Meine Freundin means my female friend, gibt means gives or adds, and Zucker means sugar. Dem Kaffee is dative because it is the recipient or target of geben here, while Zucker is the accusative thing being added; gibt stands in position two.
Der Geschmack des Kaffees ist mild.
The taste of the coffee is mild.
Der Geschmack means the taste and mild means mild or not strong. Des Kaffees is genitive because it shows which taste is meant, and ist stands in position two.
In diesem Café gibt es viele Kaffees.
There are many types of coffee in this café.
In diesem Café means in this café, and viele means many. Kaffees is plural here because different types or servings are meant; after es gibt, it is accusative, although the plural article is omitted.
die Kaffeetasse — coffee cup
This compound combines der Kaffee (coffee) and die Tasse (cup). A Kaffeetasse is usually smaller than a mug; a mug is commonly called der Becher.
Die Kaffeetasse steht auf dem Tisch.
The coffee cup is on the table.
steht means is standing, auf dem Tisch means on the table, and der Tisch is the table. Die Kaffeetasse is nominative because it is the subject; auf takes the dative here because the cup is in a fixed location.
Ich nehme die Kaffeetasse aus dem Schrank.
I take the coffee cup out of the cupboard.
nehme means take, aus means out of, and der Schrank is the cupboard. Die Kaffeetasse is accusative because nehmen takes a direct object, while dem Schrank is dative after aus.
Ich gebe der Kaffeetasse einen neuen Platz.
I give the coffee cup a new place.
gebe means give, einen neuen Platz means a new place, and neu means new. Der Kaffeetasse is dative because it is the thing receiving a place; einen neuen Platz is accusative.
Der Henkel der Kaffeetasse ist klein.
The handle of the coffee cup is small.
der Henkel means the handle and klein means small. Der Kaffeetasse is genitive because it tells us which handle is meant; feminine genitive uses der.
Die Kaffeetassen sind sauber.
The coffee cups are clean.
sauber means clean. Kaffeetassen is plural because the noun adds -n and uses die; the plural verb is sind.
die Kneipe — pub, bar
die Kneipe is usually a small, informal pub or bar, not a large nightclub. Its plural is die Kneipen.
Die Kneipe ist heute voll.
The pub is full today.
heute means today and voll means full or crowded. Die Kneipe is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Wir besuchen die Kneipe am Freitag.
We are visiting the pub on Friday.
wir besuchen means we visit and am Freitag means on Friday. die Kneipe is accusative because besuchen takes a direct object; the finite verb besuchen is in position two.
Wir treffen uns in der Kneipe.
We are meeting in the pub.
wir treffen uns means we meet, and in means in. der Kneipe is dative because in describes a fixed location here; uns is the reflexive pronoun for wir.
Die Tür der Kneipe ist offen.
The pub's door is open.
die Tür means the door and offen means open. der Kneipe is genitive because it shows possession, the door of the pub; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Am Abend sind viele Kneipen offen.
In the evening, many pubs are open.
am Abend means in the evening, viele means many, and offen means open. Kneipen is plural and nominative because it is the subject; the plural verb sind stands in position two.
die Limonade — lemonade, soft drink
die Limonade can mean traditional lemonade or, more generally, a sweet fizzy soft drink. It is normally countable, so eine Limonade can mean one serving or one bottle or glass.
Die Limonade ist kalt.
The lemonade is cold.
kalt means cold. Die Limonade is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist is in position two.
Ich bestelle eine Limonade.
I am ordering a lemonade.
ich bestelle means I order. eine Limonade is accusative because it is the direct object of bestelle; with a feminine noun, the indefinite article looks the same in nominative and accusative.
Möchtest du eine Limonade?
Would you like a lemonade?
möchtest du means would you like, and the question asks about a drink. This example has no dative noun: eine Limonade is accusative because it is the object of möchtest; in a yes-no question, the finite verb comes first.
Der Geschmack der Limonade ist frisch.
The taste of the lemonade is fresh.
der Geschmack is the taste and frisch means fresh. der Limonade is genitive because it identifies whose taste is meant; feminine genitive uses der without changing the noun.
Auf der Party gibt es verschiedene Limonaden.
There are various lemonades at the party.
die Party is the party and verschiedene means various or different. Limonaden is plural, and after es gibt the existing things are grammatically accusative; the plural article is not shown here.
die Milch — milk
Milch is normally a mass noun and has no plural when it means the substance. To order a portion, say ein Glas Milch or name a product such as Milchsorten.
Milch ist gesund.
Milk is healthy.
gesund means healthy. Milch is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke Milch.
I drink milk.
ich means I and trinke means drink. Milch is an uncountable accusative object after trinken; it normally has no article when speaking about milk in general.
Ich gebe dem Kind Milch.
I give the child milk.
gebe means give and dem Kind means to the child. Milch is the thing given, while dem Kind is dative because it is the recipient.
Der Geschmack der Milch ist mild.
The taste of the milk is mild.
der Geschmack means the taste, and mild means mild. Milch is genitive after Geschmack to mean the taste of the milk; the finite verb ist is in position two.
der Orangensaft — orange juice
der Orangensaft is usually treated as a mass noun when it means orange juice in general, but it has a plural die Orangensäfte when different juices or varieties are meant. The compound is built from Orange and Saft.
Der Orangensaft ist kalt.
The orange juice is cold.
kalt means cold. Orangensaft is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke den Orangensaft.
I am drinking the orange juice.
trinke means drink. den Orangensaft is accusative because trinken takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Zum Frühstück trinke ich Orangensaft.
I drink orange juice for breakfast.
Frühstück means breakfast and zum means for the or at the. zum Frühstück is a dative time phrase, while the uncountable Orangensaft is the drink being consumed.
Der Geschmack des Orangensafts ist mild.
The taste of the orange juice is mild.
Geschmack means taste and mild means mild. des Orangensafts is genitive because it identifies whose taste it is; the masculine noun has des and -s.
Im Café gibt es verschiedene Orangensäfte.
The café offers various orange juices.
Café means café and verschiedene means various. Orangensäfte is plural and accusative because es gibt always takes an accusative object; the plural of Saft is Säfte.
Prost — cheers!
Prost is used when people raise their glasses before or during a drink. It is friendly and neutral; the related toast zum Wohl is also common.
Prost! Auf deinen Geburtstag!
Cheers! To your birthday!
Auf deinen Geburtstag means to your birthday. Prost is an interjection, so it does not change for case, number, or person and is normally followed by an exclamation mark in writing.
Alle rufen: „Prost!“
Everyone calls out, “Cheers!”
alle means everyone and rufen means call out or shout. Prost is direct speech and remains unchanged; the verb rufen introduces the quoted words.
der Saft — juice; sap; sap
For drinks, der Saft normally means juice; for a plant, it can mean sap. The plural die Säfte refers to different juices or kinds of juice.
Der Saft ist kalt.
The juice is cold.
kalt means cold. der Saft is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke den Saft.
I am drinking the juice.
trinke means am drinking. den Saft is accusative because trinken takes a direct object; the finite verb trinke is in position two.
Wir geben dem Kind Saft.
We give the child juice.
geben means give, and dem Kind means to the child. The recipient is dative after geben, while Saft is the thing given; the verb stays in position two.
Der Geschmack des Safts ist süß.
The taste of the juice is sweet.
der Geschmack means the taste and süß means sweet. des Safts is genitive because it shows whose taste it is; the masculine article changes from der to des.
Im Laden stehen viele Säfte.
There are many juices in the shop.
im Laden means in the shop, and viele means many. Säfte is the plural of Saft with an umlaut and -e; im forces the dative for location, while stehen is in position two.
Der Baum verliert Saft.
The tree is losing sap.
der Baum means the tree and verliert means loses. Saft is an uncountable accusative object after verlieren, and the finite verb verliert stands in position two.
Im Frühling steigt der Saft in den Bäumen.
In spring, sap rises in the trees.
im Frühling means in spring, steigt means rises, and in den Bäumen means in the trees. der Saft is nominative as the subject; in den Bäumen is dative because it describes location, not movement into the trees.
schenken — to give as a present
schenken normally uses a dative person and an accusative thing: jemandem etwas schenken. It is different from geben, which can simply mean to give without the idea of a present.
Ich schenke meiner Schwester ein Buch.
I am giving my sister a book as a present.
meiner Schwester means my sister, and ein Buch means a book. meiner Schwester is dative because the recipient is the person receiving the gift, while ein Buch is accusative because it is the thing given; the finite verb schenke is in position two.
Wir haben dem Lehrer Blumen geschenkt.
We gave the teacher flowers.
dem Lehrer means the teacher, and Blumen means flowers. dem Lehrer is dative for the recipient, while Blumen is accusative; haben is in position two and geschenkt goes to the end.
Sie schenkte ihrem Freund eine Uhr.
She gave her friend a watch as a present.
ihrem Freund means her friend, and eine Uhr means a watch. The recipient ihrem Freund is dative and the gift eine Uhr is accusative; the regular past form schenkte stands in position two.
Schenk mir bitte den Stift!
Please give me the pen!
mir means to me, bitte means please, and den Stift means the pen. mir is dative because it is the recipient, while den Stift is accusative; the imperative schenk comes first and the du pronoun is omitted.
Ich schenkte ihm das Bild, wenn er Geburtstag hätte.
I would give him the picture if it were his birthday.
ihm means to him, das Bild means the picture, and Geburtstag means birthday. In the conditional clause, hätte is Konjunktiv II and the verb goes to the end; ihm is dative and das Bild is accusative.
Morgen werde ich meiner Mutter Pralinen schenken.
Tomorrow I will give my mother chocolates as a present.
morgen means tomorrow, meiner Mutter means my mother, and Pralinen means chocolates. In the future, werde is in position two and the infinitive schenken goes to the end; meiner Mutter is dative as the recipient.
der Tee — tea
Tee can mean the drink in general or a particular cup or type of tea. In everyday speech, it is usually used in the singular even when no exact amount is given.
Der Tee ist heiß.
The tea is hot.
heiß means hot. Der Tee is nominative because it is the subject, and heiß is a predicative adjective after ist, so it has no ending.
Ich trinke den Tee.
I am drinking the tea.
trinke means drink and ich means I. Den Tee is accusative because trinken takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Sie gibt dem Tee Zucker.
She adds sugar to the tea.
gibt means gives or adds, sie means she, and Zucker is sugar. Dem Tee is dative as the recipient or thing receiving something, while Zucker is accusative as the thing added.
Der Geschmack des Tees ist mild.
The taste of the tea is mild.
der Geschmack means the taste and mild means mild or gentle. Des Tees is genitive because it identifies whose taste it is; the masculine noun adds -s after des.
Die Tees stehen auf dem Tisch.
The teas are standing on the table.
stehen means are standing or are placed, auf means on, and der Tisch is the table. Tees is plural with -s; auf dem Tisch is dative because it describes a fixed location.
trinken — to drink; to drink alcohol; to toast
trinken – trank – hat getrunken is a strong verb. It normally takes haben in the perfect and an accusative object for the thing consumed.
Ich trinke jeden Morgen Kaffee.
I drink coffee every morning.
ich means I, jeden Morgen means every morning, and Kaffee means coffee. Kaffee is an accusative object because trinken takes a direct object, and the finite verb trinke stands in position two.
Wir haben viel Wasser getrunken.
We drank a lot of water.
wir means we, viel Wasser means a lot of water, and haben means have. The perfect uses haben plus getrunken, with the participle at the end; viel Wasser is an accusative object.
Sie trank eine Tasse Tee.
She drank a cup of tea.
sie means she, eine Tasse Tee means a cup of tea, and Tasse means cup. trank is the strong past form, and eine Tasse Tee is accusative because it is what she drank.
Trink langsam!
Drink slowly!
langsam means slowly. Trink is the du imperative, so the subject pronoun is omitted and the command begins with the verb.
Wenn ich durstig wäre, tränke ich mehr Wasser.
If I were thirsty, I would drink more water.
wenn means if, durstig means thirsty, and mehr Wasser means more water. In the wenn clause, tränke goes to the end because it is subordinate; the hypothetical form is uncommon in everyday speech, where würde trinken is often used.
Nach dem Sport werde ich viel trinken.
I will drink a lot after sport.
nach dem Sport means after sport, and viel means a lot. nach takes the dative, so dem Sport is dative; werde is in position two and the infinitive trinken goes to the end.
Er trinkt keinen Alkohol.
He does not drink alcohol.
er means he, keinen Alkohol means no alcohol, and keinen is the negative form of einen. keinen Alkohol is accusative because trinken takes an accusative object, and nicht is not needed because the object itself is negated.
Wir trinken auf deinen Erfolg!
We are drinking a toast to your success!
wir means we, auf deinen Erfolg means to your success, and Erfolg means success. In this toast expression, auf takes the accusative, so deinen Erfolg is accusative; the finite verb trinken is in position two.
trocken — dry; dry, deadpan
trocken usually means not wet. For wine, trockener Wein means dry wine, with little sweetness; it does not mean that the wine contains no liquid.
Die Jacke ist wieder trocken.
The jacket is dry again.
die Jacke means the jacket, and wieder means again. The adjective is predicative after ist, so it has no ending.
Ich brauche ein trockenes Handtuch.
I need a dry towel.
brauchen means to need, and das Handtuch is a towel. ein trockenes Handtuch is accusative because brauchen takes an accusative object; the adjective has -es after ein in the neuter accusative.
Diese Schuhe sind trockener als meine alten.
These shoes are drier than my old ones.
die Schuhe means the shoes, and alt means old. trockener compares two things and is followed by als; after sind, the comparative is predicative and has no ending.
Das ist der trockenste Kuchen auf dem Tisch.
That is the driest cake on the table.
der Kuchen is the cake, and auf dem Tisch means on the table. trockenste is attributive after der, so it has the ending -e; with location, auf dem Tisch takes the dative.
Er erzählt einen trockenen Witz.
He tells a dry joke.
erzählen means to tell, and der Witz is the joke. einen trockenen Witz is accusative because erzählen takes an accusative object; the adjective has -en after einen.
Ihr trockener Humor gefällt mir.
I like her dry sense of humour.
ihr Humor means her humour, and gefällt mir means pleases me, or I like it. mir is dative because gefallen requires the person who likes something in the dative; trockener has a masculine nominative ending before Humor.
das Wasser — water
This is normally a mass noun, so it has no ordinary plural. For different kinds or bottles of water, German can use expressions such as Wassersorten or Flaschen Wasser.
Das Wasser ist kalt.
The water is cold.
kalt means cold. Das Wasser is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich trinke Wasser jeden Morgen.
I drink water every morning.
trinken means to drink, and jeden Morgen means every morning. Wasser is accusative because trinken takes the thing being drunk as its object; the finite verb trinke stands in position two.
Wir kochen mit Wasser.
We cook with water.
kochen means to cook, and mit means with. Mit always takes the dative, but the neuter noun Wasser has no visible article ending here.
Die Qualität des Wassers ist sehr gut.
The quality of the water is very good.
die Qualität means quality, and sehr gut means very good. Des Wassers is genitive because it shows which water the quality belongs to; the neuter article is des, and the noun adds -s.
Wir werden morgen Wasser kaufen.
We will buy water tomorrow.
morgen means tomorrow, and kaufen means to buy. Wasser is an accusative object of kaufen; although this sentence fills the plural slot in the matrix, Wasser is a mass noun and has no ordinary plural, so the form remains singular.
der Wein — wine; wine variety
Wein is usually uncountable when it means wine as a drink, but Weine is used for different varieties or bottles. The phrase ein Glas Wein means a glass of wine, not a glass made of wine.
Der Wein schmeckt gut.
The wine tastes good.
schmeckt gut means tastes good. Der Wein is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb schmeckt is in position two.
Wir trinken den Wein zum Abendessen.
We drink the wine with dinner.
trinken means to drink, and zum Abendessen means with dinner. Den Wein is accusative because it is the direct object of trinken; zum is short for zu dem.
Sie gibt dem Wein etwas Wasser.
She adds some water to the wine.
geben means to give or add, and etwas Wasser means some water. Dem Wein is dative because it is the recipient or destination with geben, while etwas Wasser is accusative.
Die Farbe des Weins ist dunkelrot.
The colour of the wine is dark red.
die Farbe means the colour, and dunkelrot means dark red. Des Weins is genitive and specifies whose colour it is; the genitive ending -s is added to the masculine noun.
Die Weine aus dieser Region sind bekannt.
The wines from this region are well known.
aus dieser Region means from this region, and bekannt means well known. Weine is the plural when different wines or varieties are meant; it is the nominative subject of sind.
Dieser Wein passt gut zu Käse.
This wine goes well with cheese.
dieser means this, passt gut zu means goes well with, and der Käse is cheese. Dieser Wein is the subject, while zu Käse is dative because zu governs the dative.
Wir probieren heute drei Weine.
We are tasting three wines today.
probieren means to taste or try, heute means today, and drei means three. Drei Weine is accusative because it is the direct object of probieren; the plural has no article.