German Student Dictionary — Part 49

Dictionary entries, alphabetical: lernen – Linie.

Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural

lernen — to learn

Regular (weak) verb: ich lerne, du lernst, er/sie/es lernt, wir lernen, ihr lernt, sie lernen. Bundled in the source alongside the idioms auswendig lernen = to learn by heart (worked into the second example below) and lernen wie ... = to learn how to ....

Man lernt viel, wenn man reist.

You learn many things when you travel.

man = one/you (general subject) · reisen = to travel. "Man" takes the same verb form as "er/sie/es": lernt. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Die Schüler lernen das Gedicht auswendig.

The students learn the poem by heart.

der Schüler, - = student · das Gedicht, -e = poem · auswendig = by heart. "Auswendig lernen" — a fixed idiom bundled with this entry in the source.

lesen, er liest — to read

Stem-changing verb: ich lese, du liest, er/sie/es liest, wir lesen, ihr lest, sie lesen (e → ie in the du/er forms).

Welches Buch liest du gerade?

What book are you reading?

welches Buch = which book · gerade = right now/currently. "Liest" — du-form, stem change e → ie. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Ich lese jeden Morgen die Zeitung.

I read the newspaper every morning.

jeden Morgen = every morning · die Zeitung, -en = newspaper. "Lese" — ich-form, no stem change (the e → ie shift only happens in du/er/sie/es).

letzt — last

An ordinal-type adjective, like "erst" (first) — it has no separate positive/comparative form of its own. Nominalized: der/die/das Letzte = "the last one" (a person or thing), drilled in the second example below.

Ich steige an der letzten Bushaltestelle aus.

I get off at the last stop on the bus line.

aussteigen = to get off/exit (separable) · die Bushaltestelle, -n = bus stop. "Letzten" — weak adjective ending "-en" after the Dativ feminine article "der." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Sie war die Letzte im Rennen.

She was the last one in the race.

das Rennen, - = race. "Die Letzte" — the nominalized form of "letzt," used as a noun meaning "the last one"; it takes der/die/das depending on the gender of the person or thing referred to.

die Leute — people

Plural-only noun — no singular form exists (a single person is "der Mensch," not a singular of Leute). Bundled in the source alongside viele Leute = a lot of people, worked into the Akkusativ example below.

Nom Wo werden alle diese Leute sitzen?

Where are all those people going to sit?

die Leute (Pl.) = people · sitzen = to sit. "Diese Leute" — Nominativ plural, the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Akk Ich kenne viele Leute in dieser Stadt.

I know many people in this city.

kennen = to know · die Stadt, ä-e = city. "Viele Leute" — the idiom bundled with this entry in the source. Akkusativ plural looks identical to Nominativ.

Dat Der Bürgermeister dankt den Leuten für ihre Geduld.

The mayor thanks the people for their patience.

der Bürgermeister, - = mayor · danken + Dativ = to thank · die Geduld = patience. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Leute adds "-n" (Leute → Leuten) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

das Licht — light

Plural: die Lichter (adds "-er," no umlaut).

Nom Das Licht ist sehr hell.

The light is very bright.

das Licht (neutral) = light · hell = bright. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Licht is the subject.

Akk Ich brauche Licht, um zu lesen.

I need light to read.

brauchen = to need. Here "Licht" appears without an article — typical for a mass/uncountable noun in a general statement — but it still functions as the Akkusativ direct object of "brauchen." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Dat Die Motten fliegen zu dem Licht der Lampe.

The moths fly toward the light of the lamp.

die Motte, -n = moth · die Lampe, -n = lamp. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "zu," which always takes Dativ.

Nom Ein Licht brennt im Fenster.

A light is burning in the window.

brennen = to burn · das Fenster, - = window. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Sie sieht ein Licht am Ende des Tunnels.

She sees a light at the end of the tunnel.

der Tunnel, - = tunnel. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.

Dat Die Stadt schmückt die Straßen mit bunten Lichtern.

The city decorates the streets with colorful lights.

schmücken = to decorate · bunt = colorful. Plural Dativ: article "den" (here replaced by "bunten"); Licht adds "-ern" (Lichter → Lichtern) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

lieben — to love

Regular (weak) verb: ich liebe, du liebst, er/sie/es liebt, wir lieben, ihr liebt, sie lieben. Bundled in the source alongside einander lieben = to love each other (worked into the second example below), die Liebe = love (see its own entry next), and verliebt sein = to be in love.

Wir lieben unsere Eltern.

We love our parents.

die Eltern (Pl.) = parents. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Die Zwillinge lieben einander sehr.

The twins love each other very much.

der Zwilling, -e = twin · einander = each other. "Einander lieben" — the reciprocal idiom bundled with this entry in the source.

die Liebe — love

Marked as (Sg.) — an abstract noun almost always used only in the singular at this level, so no plural is drilled here.

Nom Die Liebe ist stark.

Love is strong.

die Liebe (feminin) = love · stark = strong. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Liebe is the subject.

Akk Ich spüre die Liebe meiner Familie.

I feel the love of my family.

spüren = to feel/sense · die Familie, -n = family. Feminine nouns keep the same form in Nominativ and Akkusativ — no change here. Liebe is the direct object.

Dat Alles beginnt mit der Liebe.

Everything begins with love.

alles = everything · beginnen = to begin. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "mit."

Nom Eine große Liebe verbindet die beiden.

A great love connects the two of them.

groß = great/big · verbinden = to connect. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite; no ending change from the "die" pattern.

Akk Sie empfindet eine tiefe Liebe für ihre Kinder.

She feels a deep love for her children.

empfinden = to feel · tief = deep. Feminine nouns don't change between Nominativ and Akkusativ (eine → eine).

lieber; liebe — dear

The masculine and feminine forms of the adjective "lieb" (dear), same root as "lieben"/"die Liebe" above. Most common in letter salutations: "Lieber ..." for a male recipient, "Liebe ..." for a female recipient.

Der Brief fing an: "Liebe Mutti, ich vermisse dich."

The letter began, "Dear Mom, I miss you."

der Brief, -e = letter · anfangen = to begin (separable) · vermissen = to miss (someone). "Liebe" — feminine salutation form, addressing "Mutti" (Mom). The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Lieblings- — favorite (combining form)

A prefix (from "der Liebling" = darling/favorite one, related to "lieben"/"die Liebe") that attaches to any noun to mean "favorite ___": Lieblingsfarbe (favorite color), Lieblingsbuch (favorite book), Lieblingsessen (favorite food).

Was ist deine Lieblingsfarbe?

What is your favorite color?

die Farbe, -n = color. Corrected from the source's OCR-garbled "1st," which should read "ist." "Lieblingsfarbe" = Lieblings- + die Farbe.

das Lied — song

Plural: die Lieder (adds "-er," no umlaut).

Nom Das Lied ist sehr bekannt.

The song is very well-known.

das Lied (neutral) = song · bekannt = well-known. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Lied is the subject.

Akk Sie singt das Lied laut.

She sings the song loudly.

singen = to sing · laut = loud(ly). Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das). Lied is the direct object.

Dat Wir tanzen zu dem Lied.

We dance to the song.

tanzen zu + Dativ = to dance to. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "zu," which always takes Dativ.

Nom Ein Lied läuft im Radio.

A song is playing on the radio.

laufen = to run/play (of media) · das Radio, -s = radio. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Der Musiklehrer hat uns ein neues Lied beigebracht.

The music teacher taught us a new song.

der Musiklehrer, - = music teacher · beibringen = to teach (someone something). "Uns" (Dativ, the learners) and "ein neues Lied" (Akkusativ, the thing taught). Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Dat Sie tanzen zu den Liedern der Band.

They dance to the band's songs.

die Band, -s = band. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Lied adds "-ern" (Lieder → Liedern) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

das Lineal — ruler

Plural: die Lineale (adds "-e").

Nom Das Lineal liegt auf dem Tisch.

The ruler is lying on the table.

das Lineal (neutral) = ruler · liegen = to lie/be lying · der Tisch, -e = table. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Lineal is the subject.

Akk Ich brauche das Lineal für die Hausaufgaben.

I need the ruler for homework.

brauchen = to need · die Hausaufgabe, -n = homework. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das). Lineal is the direct object.

Dat Ich messe das Papier mit dem Lineal.

I measure the paper with the ruler.

messen = to measure · das Papier, -e = paper. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "mit." Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the indefinite article "einem" instead of "dem"; the source's stray "/" before "measure" was an OCR misread of "I."

Nom Ein Lineal kostet nicht viel.

A ruler doesn't cost much.

kosten = to cost. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Sie kauft ein neues Lineal.

She buys a new ruler.

kaufen = to buy. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.

Dat Die Schüler zeichnen Linien mit den Linealen.

The students draw lines with the rulers.

zeichnen = to draw. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Lineal adds "-en" (Lineale → Linealen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.

die Linie — line

Corrected headword: the source's OCR-garbled "Lime, die" doesn't match its own example sentence (which uses "die Linie") or its gloss ("line") — restored here as "die Linie." Plural: die Linien (adds "-n").

Nom Die Linie ist gerade.

The line is straight.

die Linie (feminin) = line · gerade = straight. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Linie is the subject.

Akk Schreiben Sie Ihren Namen auf die Linie.

Write your name on the line.

schreiben = to write · der Name, -n (weak noun) = name. "Auf die Linie" — Akkusativ, because writing a name onto the line is a motion onto a surface. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.

Dat Der Punkt liegt auf der Linie.

The point lies on the line.

der Punkt, -e = point/dot. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "auf" (used here for a fixed position, not motion).

Nom Eine Linie verläuft durch das Bild.

A line runs through the picture.

verlaufen = to run/extend · das Bild, -er = picture. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite; no ending change from the "die" pattern.

Akk Der Lehrer zeichnet eine Linie.

The teacher draws a line.

zeichnen = to draw. Feminine nouns don't change between Nominativ and Akkusativ (eine → eine).

Dat Das Blatt ist mit den Linien bedeckt.

The sheet is covered with the lines.

das Blatt, ä-er = sheet (of paper) · bedeckt sein mit + Dativ = to be covered with. Plural Dativ: article "den"; the plural "Linien" already ends in "-n," so no further ending is added.