Appearance
Vocab: Feelings — A2 (3) ​
Feelings vocabulary at A2 level.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
verlegen — embarrassed, awkward, shy; shy, awkward ​
Verlegen describes a temporary feeling of embarrassment or awkwardness, not a permanent personality trait. In predicative use after sein, it has no adjective ending; before a noun, it takes the usual ending.
Er ist verlegen.
He is embarrassed.
er means he and ist means is. After sein, the adjective is predicative and has no ending; verlegen stands after the finite verb in this simple sentence.
Sie gab mir ein verlegenes Lächeln.
She gave me an embarrassed smile.
gab means gave, mir means to me, and das Lächeln means the smile. Ein verlegenes Lächeln is an accusative object after geben, and the neuter adjective takes -es after the indefinite article ein.
Nach dem Fehler war er noch verlegener.
After the mistake, he was even more embarrassed.
nach dem Fehler means after the mistake, noch means even or still, and Fehler means mistake. Nach governs the dative, and the comparative adjective verlegener is predicative after war, so it has no ending.
Von allen Gästen war sie am verlegensten.
Of all the guests, she was the most embarrassed.
von allen Gästen means of all the guests, and Gäste means guests. Von takes the dative, while predicative superlative am verlegensten uses am and has no adjective ending.
Der SchĂĽler verlegen schwieg.
The student remained awkwardly silent.
der SchĂĽler means the student and schwieg means remained silent or was silent. Verlegen is used adverbially here and therefore has no adjective ending; the finite verb schwieg is in position two.
Sie antwortete mit verlegener Stimme.
She answered in an embarrassed voice.
antwortete means answered, mit means with, and die Stimme means voice. Mit requires the dative, so verlegener Stimme has the feminine dative ending -er.
verletzen — to injure, to hurt; to violate, to break ​
Use the reflexive form sich verletzen when someone injures themselves. A body part is often introduced with an plus dative, as in am Knie, not with an accusative possessive object.
Er verletzt sich beim FuĂźball.
He injures himself while playing football.
beim FuĂźball means while playing football. sich is an accusative reflexive pronoun because the person who causes and receives the injury is the same; verletzt stands in position two.
Sie hat sich am Knie verletzt.
She injured her knee.
das Knie is the knee, and am Knie means on or at the knee. sich is the reflexive object, while am Knie identifies the injured body part; the perfect uses haben and verletzt goes to the end.
Der Unfall verletzte drei Menschen.
The accident injured three people.
der Unfall is the accident and drei Menschen means three people. drei Menschen is accusative because they are the people affected; the weak preterite verletzte is in position two.
Verletz dich nicht!
Don't hurt yourself!
nicht means not. dich is the accusative reflexive pronoun for du; in a negative imperative, nicht usually comes after the object, and the imperative verb comes first.
Ich wĂĽrde mich dort nicht verletzen.
I would not injure myself there.
dort means there. mich is accusative because it is the reflexive object of verletzen; wĂĽrde ... verletzen expresses a hypothetical situation, with the infinitive at the end.
Du wirst dich beim Training verletzen.
You will injure yourself during training.
beim Training means during training. dich is the accusative reflexive object; wirst is in position two and the infinitive verletzen goes to the end in the future.
Wer diese Regel verletzt, muss zahlen.
Anyone who breaks this rule has to pay.
diese Regel means this rule and zahlen means to pay. diese Regel is accusative because it is the rule being broken; verletzt is at the end of the relative clause, while muss is the finite verb of the main clause.
Die Firma hat den Vertrag verletzt.
The company breached the contract.
die Firma is the company and der Vertrag is the contract. den Vertrag is accusative because it is the agreement violated; hat forms the perfect and verletzt stands at the end.
verliebt — in love ​
Verliebt is also the Partizip II of verlieben, but as an adjective it describes a state. The person someone loves is commonly introduced with in plus the accusative: in jemanden verliebt sein.
Sie ist verliebt.
She is in love.
sie means she. Verliebt is predicative, so it has no adjective ending after ist; the verb ist is the finite verb in position two.
Das verliebte Paar sitzt im Park.
The couple in love is sitting in the park.
das Paar is the couple, sitzen means to sit, and der Park is the park. Verliebte stands before Paar and takes -e after the definite article das; the finite verb sitzt is in position two.
Er wirkt verliebter als gestern.
He seems more in love than yesterday.
wirken means to seem or appear, and gestern means yesterday. The comparative adds -er and is followed by als; because verliebter is predicative after wirkt, it has no adjective ending.
Von allen Gästen war sie am verliebtesten.
Of all the guests, she was the most in love.
von allen Gästen means of all the guests. The superlative predicative form is am verliebtesten; von takes the dative, shown by Gästen, and war is the finite verb in position two.
verloren — lost; helpless; hopeless; wasted ​
As an adjective, verloren can describe something missing, as in ein verlorener SchlĂĽssel, or someone who feels helpless. It is also the Partizip II of verlieren, but this entry focuses on its adjectival uses.
Der SchlĂĽssel ist verloren.
The key is lost.
der SchlĂĽssel is the key. Verloren is predicative after ist and therefore has no adjective ending; it describes the subject der SchlĂĽssel, while ist is the finite form of sein in position two.
Ich suche den verlorenen SchlĂĽssel.
I am looking for the lost key.
suche means am looking for, and der SchlĂĽssel is the key. Den verlorenen SchlĂĽssel is accusative because suchen takes a direct object; before the noun, verloren takes the ending -en after den.
Ohne meine Brille fĂĽhle ich mich noch verlorener.
Without my glasses, I feel even more lost.
ohne meine Brille means without my glasses, and fĂĽhle ich mich means I feel. Verlorener is comparative and stands predicatively after fĂĽhle mich; ohne takes the accusative, so meine Brille is accusative.
Von allen Kindern wirkte Paul am verlorensten.
Of all the children, Paul seemed the most lost.
von allen Kindern means of all the children, and wirkte means seemed or appeared. Am verlorensten is a predicative superlative; von takes the dative, so allen Kindern is dative, and wirkte is the finite verb in position two.
Der Kampf war von Anfang an verloren.
The fight was lost from the beginning.
der Kampf is the fight or battle, and von Anfang an means from the beginning. Verloren is predicative after war and has no ending; von takes the dative in von Anfang, while the finite verb stands in position two.
Wir haben keine verlorene Zeit zu verschenken.
We have no time to waste.
keine Zeit means no time, and zu verschenken means to give away or waste. Verlorene is attributive and agrees with feminine accusative keine Zeit; the infinitive phrase zu verschenken comes at the end.
verrückt — crazy, mad; very unusual ​
In everyday speech, verrĂĽckt often means extremely unusual or surprising, not only mentally ill. Do not confuse the adjective with the verb verrĂĽcken, which means to move something slightly.
Der Plan ist verrĂĽckt.
The plan is crazy.
der Plan means the plan. The adjective verrĂĽckt stands after ist as a predicative adjective, so it has no ending.
Sie hat eine verrĂĽckte Idee.
She has a crazy idea.
eine Idee means an idea. eine verrĂĽckte Idee is accusative because hat takes an object, and the feminine indefinite-article pattern gives verrĂĽckte its -e ending.
Diese Geschichte ist verrĂĽckter als die andere.
This story is crazier than the other one.
diese Geschichte means this story, and die andere means the other one. verrĂĽckter compares two things and is followed by als; after ist it remains without an adjective ending.
Das war der verrĂĽckteste Abend meines Lebens.
That was the craziest evening of my life.
der Abend means the evening, and meines Lebens means of my life. Before the masculine noun, the superlative is verrĂĽckteste with an adjective ending; meines Lebens is genitive showing whose life.
vertrauen — to trust; to rely on ​
The person you trust is normally in the dative: jemandem vertrauen. To express reliance on a person or thing, use auf with the accusative: auf jemanden oder etwas vertrauen.
Ich vertraue meiner besten Freundin.
I trust my best friend.
meine beste Freundin means my best female friend. meiner besten Freundin is dative because vertrauen takes the trusted person in the dative; the finite verb vertraue is in position two.
Er hat seinem Arzt völlig vertraut.
He trusted his doctor completely.
sein Arzt means his doctor, and völlig means completely. seinem Arzt is dative because of vertrauen; hat is the auxiliary in position two and vertraut goes at the end.
Sie vertraute ihrem Bruder nicht.
She did not trust her brother.
ihr Bruder means her brother, and nicht means not. ihrem Bruder is dative because it is the person trusted; the regular past form vertraute stands in position two.
Vertraue mir!
Trust me!
mir means to me. It is dative because vertrauen governs the trusted person in the dative; Vertraue is the du imperative.
Ich würde ihm mehr vertrauen, wenn er ehrlich wäre.
I would trust him more if he were honest.
ihm means him, mehr means more, and ehrlich means honest. ihm is dative after vertrauen; würde ... vertrauen marks the hypothetical result, while wäre stands at the end of the wenn clause.
Du wirst ihr bald vertrauen.
You will soon trust her.
bald means soon, and ihr means to her. ihr is dative because vertrauen takes the trusted person in the dative; wirst is in position two and vertrauen closes the sentence bracket.
das Vertrauen — trust; confidence ​
Vertrauen is an abstract mass noun and normally has no plural. The common expressions are Vertrauen haben, “to have trust,” and Vertrauen in jemanden oder etwas haben, “to have confidence in someone or something.”
Vertrauen ist in einer Freundschaft wichtig.
Trust is important in a friendship.
in einer Freundschaft means in a friendship, and wichtig means important. Vertrauen is the nominative subject; the finite verb ist is in position two, and this abstract mass noun normally has no plural.
Ich habe groĂźes Vertrauen in dich.
I have great trust in you.
groĂźes means great, and in dich means in you. Vertrauen is accusative because it is the object of haben; the fixed phrase Vertrauen in uses in with the accusative when it expresses the target of trust.
Wir schenken unserer Lehrerin unser Vertrauen.
We give our teacher our trust.
schenken means give as a gift, and unsere Lehrerin means our female teacher. unserer Lehrerin is dative as the recipient, while unser Vertrauen is accusative as the thing given.
Die Grundlage des Vertrauens ist Ehrlichkeit.
The basis of trust is honesty.
die Grundlage means the basis, and Ehrlichkeit means honesty. des Vertrauens is genitive because it specifies the basis; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Sie hat langsam Vertrauen zu ihm gefasst.
She slowly began to trust him.
langsam means slowly, and zu ihm means toward him. This example is labelled plural only to show that Vertrauen is a singular-only mass noun: the form remains singular in the fixed expression Vertrauen fassen, meaning to begin trusting.
verzeihen — to forgive, to excuse ​
The usual pattern is jemandem etwas verzeihen: the person is dative and the thing forgiven is accusative. The polite phrase Verzeihung! means excuse me or sorry; do not use the accusative for the person.
Ich verzeihe dir den Fehler.
I forgive you the mistake.
dir means you and der Fehler means mistake. Dir is dative because the person forgiven is marked by verzeihen, while den Fehler is accusative for the thing forgiven; the finite verb verzeihe is in position two.
Sie hat ihm seine Verspätung verziehen.
She forgave him for being late.
ihm means him, die Verspätung means lateness or delay, and hat ... verziehen means has forgiven. Ihm is dative for the person and seine Verspätung is accusative for the offence; the Partizip II goes to the end.
Mein Bruder verzieh mir den Streit.
My brother forgave me for the argument.
mein Bruder means my brother and der Streit means argument. Mir is dative for the person forgiven and den Streit is accusative for the thing forgiven; verzieh is the strong Präteritum form in position two.
Verzeih mir bitte!
Please forgive me!
bitte means please. Mir is dative because verzeihen marks the person forgiven with the dative; the imperative verzeih comes first.
Ich wĂĽrde dir diesen Fehler verzeihen.
I would forgive you this mistake.
diesen Fehler means this mistake, and wĂĽrde expresses a hypothetical situation. Dir is dative for the person and diesen Fehler is accusative for the offence; the infinitive verzeihen goes to the end after wĂĽrde.
Er wird ihr den Streit irgendwann verzeihen.
He will forgive her for the argument one day.
irgendwann means sometime or one day, and der Streit means argument. Ihr is dative for the person forgiven and den Streit is accusative; wird stands in position two and verzeihen goes to the end.
witzig — funny, amusing; witty, clever ​
Witzig usually means funny or amusing and can describe a person, joke, story, or situation. Do not confuse it with witzhaft, which is less common and means joke-like or humorous in a more formal description.
Der Film ist sehr witzig.
The film is very funny.
der Film means the film, and sehr means very. Witzig is predicative after ist, so it has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Sie erzählt eine witzige Geschichte.
She tells a funny story.
erzählt means tells, and eine Geschichte means a story. Witzige comes before the feminine noun Geschichte and takes -e after eine; eine witzige Geschichte is accusative because erzählen takes a direct object.
Dieser Witz ist witziger als der erste.
This joke is funnier than the first one.
dieser Witz means this joke, and der erste means the first one. Witziger is the comparative form after ist, so it has no adjective ending; als introduces the thing used for comparison.
Am witzigsten war die Szene im Restaurant.
The scene in the restaurant was the funniest.
die Szene means the scene, and im Restaurant means in the restaurant. Am witzigsten is the predicative superlative; because it comes first for emphasis, the finite verb war follows it immediately, while the subject comes later.
Er hatte sofort eine witzige Antwort.
He immediately had a witty answer.
sofort means immediately, hatte means had, and die Antwort means the answer. Eine witzige Antwort is accusative because haben takes a direct object; witzige has the feminine ending -e after eine.
Sie reagiert immer witzig auf Kritik.
She always reacts wittily to criticism.
reagiert means reacts, immer means always, and Kritik means criticism. Witzig describes the manner of reacting and is used without an ending; auf Kritik is accusative after auf because it expresses the target of the reaction.
wohl — well, comfortable, content ​
In everyday German, wohl is very common with sich fĂĽhlen: sich wohl fĂĽhlen means to feel comfortable or well. Its comparative and superlative are regular: wohler, am wohlsten.
Ich fĂĽhle mich hier wohl.
I feel comfortable here.
sich fĂĽhlen means to feel, and hier means here. Wohl is predicative after fĂĽhle mich; mich is accusative because this use of fĂĽhlen is reflexive.
Sie trägt ein wohles Lächeln.
She has a contented smile.
tragen means to wear or have, and ein Lächeln means a smile. wohles comes before the neuter noun Lächeln and takes -es after the indefinite article ein; the whole noun phrase is accusative because tragen takes an object.
Nach dem Urlaub fĂĽhle ich mich wohler.
After the holiday, I feel better.
nach dem Urlaub means after the holiday, and Urlaub means holiday. Nach takes the dative, while wohler is the comparative form used predicatively with fĂĽhle mich.
Am Meer fĂĽhle ich mich am wohlsten.
I feel most comfortable by the sea.
am Meer means by the sea, and Meer means sea. Am wohlsten is the predicative superlative; am here belongs to the superlative form, not to a separate location phrase.
wohlfühlen — to feel comfortable, to feel well ​
This verb is normally used reflexively as sich wohlfĂĽhlen. It is separable: fĂĽhlt sich wohl, but wohlfĂĽhlen and wohlgefĂĽhlt stay together.
Ich fĂĽhle mich in meiner neuen Wohnung sehr wohl.
I feel very comfortable in my new flat.
die neue Wohnung means the new flat, and sehr means very. The finite verb is split because wohlfĂĽhlen is separable: fĂĽhle is in position two and wohl is at the end; mich is the accusative reflexive pronoun.
Wir haben uns in dem kleinen Hotel sofort wohlgefĂĽhlt.
We immediately felt comfortable in the small hotel.
das kleine Hotel means the small hotel, and sofort means immediately. The perfect uses haben plus wohlgefĂĽhlt at the end, while uns is the accusative reflexive pronoun for wir.
Als Kind fĂĽhlte er sich auf dem Land sehr wohl.
As a child, he felt very comfortable in the countryside.
als Kind means as a child, and auf dem Land means in the countryside. In the main clause, the simple-past verb is split into fĂĽhlte and wohl; sich is the accusative reflexive pronoun.
FĂĽhl dich hier wie zu Hause wohl!
Make yourself at home here!
hier means here, and wie zu Hause means as if at home. The informal singular imperative drops the subject du, keeps dich as the reflexive pronoun, and separates wohl to the end.
An deiner Stelle wĂĽrde ich mich dort nicht wohlfĂĽhlen.
In your position, I would not feel comfortable there.
an deiner Stelle means in your position, and dort means there. The conditional form uses wĂĽrde in position two and the whole infinitive wohlfĂĽhlen at the end; mich is the accusative reflexive pronoun.
Du wirst dich in deinem neuen Team bald wohlfĂĽhlen.
You will soon feel comfortable in your new team.
dein neues Team means your new team, and bald means soon. In the future, wirst is the finite verb in position two and the whole infinitive wohlfĂĽhlen goes to the end; dich is the accusative reflexive pronoun.
wundern — to wonder, to be surprised; to surprise someone ​
With the reflexive pronoun, sich wundern ĂĽber means to be surprised by something. Do not use fĂĽr for the thing that causes surprise; the fixed preposition is ĂĽber with the accusative.
Ich wundere mich ĂĽber seine Antwort.
I am surprised by his answer.
seine Antwort means his answer. The reflexive verb sich wundern takes ĂĽber plus the accusative, so seine Antwort is accusative; the finite verb wundere stands in position two.
Wir haben uns ĂĽber das Ergebnis gewundert.
We were surprised by the result.
das Ergebnis means the result. The perfect uses haben plus gewundert, and uns is the reflexive pronoun; ĂĽber das Ergebnis is an accusative prepositional phrase.
Sie wunderte sich ĂĽber den hohen Preis.
She was surprised by the high price.
der hohe Preis means the high price. The weak past form wunderte is in position two, while sich is the reflexive pronoun and ĂĽber den hohen Preis is accusative.
Wundere dich nicht über den Lärm!
Do not be surprised by the noise!
der Lärm means the noise, and nicht means not. The imperative wundere comes first and is followed by reflexive dich; über den Lärm is accusative.
Ich würde mich nicht wundern, wenn er zu spät kommt.
I would not be surprised if he arrived late.
zu spät means late, and wenn means if or when. Würde forms the Konjunktiv II, while the infinitive wundern goes to the end of the main clause; the reflexive pronoun is mich.
Du wirst dich ĂĽber diese Nachricht wundern.
You will be surprised by this news.
diese Nachricht means this news. The future uses wirst in position two and sends the infinitive wundern to the end; ĂĽber diese Nachricht is accusative and dich is reflexive.
Es wundert mich, dass er nicht anruft.
It surprises me that he is not calling.
anrufen means to call, and dass means that. In Es wundert mich, mich is accusative because it is the person affected; the finite verb wundert is in position two, while anruft goes to the end of the dass clause.
Die Nachricht wundert niemanden.
The news surprises nobody.
die Nachricht means the news, and niemanden means nobody. niemanden is accusative as the person who is surprised, while the finite verb wundert stands in position two.
wundervoll — wonderful, marvelous ​
Wundervoll is a strong positive adjective, often used for experiences, occasions, and people. It is close in meaning to wunderschön, but it can describe something wonderful even when beauty is not the main point.
Der Abend war wundervoll.
The evening was wonderful.
der Abend means the evening, and war means was. Wundervoll is predicative after war, so it has no adjective ending; the past-tense verb war stands in position two.
Wir hatten einen wundervollen Urlaub.
We had a wonderful holiday.
einen Urlaub means a holiday. wundervollen describes the masculine accusative object after einen and therefore takes -en; the finite verb hatten is in position two.
Das Konzert war wundervoller als erwartet.
The concert was more wonderful than expected.
das Konzert means the concert, and erwartet means expected. The predicative comparative wundervoller is followed by als and has no adjective ending.
Der Ausblick war am wundervollsten.
The view was the most wonderful.
der Ausblick means the view, and war means was. Am wundervollsten is the predicative superlative after war; the am ... -sten form does not take a separate adjective ending.
die Wut — anger, rage ​
Wut is normally an uncountable noun, so it has no ordinary plural. The common phrase Wut auf jemanden haben uses auf with the accusative for the person you are angry with.
Die Wut ist schnell vorbei.
The anger is soon over.
schnell means quickly or soon, and vorbei means over. Die Wut is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Ich spĂĽre die Wut.
I feel the anger.
spĂĽren means to feel. die Wut is accusative because it is the direct object of spĂĽre.
Er begegnet seiner Wut mit Ruhe.
He meets his anger with calmness.
begegnen means to encounter or face, seiner means his, and die Ruhe means calmness. seiner Wut is dative because the verb begegnen requires the dative.
Die Stärke der Wut überrascht mich.
The strength of the anger surprises me.
die Stärke means strength and überraschen means surprise. der Wut is genitive after die Stärke, while mich is accusative as the person surprised.
Nach dem Streit herrscht nur noch Wut.
After the argument, there is only anger left.
der Streit means argument and herrschen means prevail or reign. This mass noun has no normal plural; nach dem Streit is dative because nach takes the dative.
wünschen — to wish, to want; to wish someone something ​
For a thing, use sich etwas wĂĽnschen with an accusative object; the person making the wish is usually dative, as in ich wĂĽnsche mir etwas. For a person receiving good wishes, use jemandem etwas wĂĽnschen, with the person in the dative.
Ich wĂĽnsche mir ein neues Fahrrad.
I wish for a new bicycle.
mir means for myself, and ein neues Fahrrad means a new bicycle. Mir is dative because the person making the wish is the beneficiary, while ein neues Fahrrad is accusative as the wished-for object; the finite verb wĂĽnsche is in position two.
Wir haben ihr viel GlĂĽck gewĂĽnscht.
We wished her lots of luck.
ihr means to her, and viel GlĂĽck means lots of luck. Ihr is dative for the person receiving the wish, while viel GlĂĽck is accusative; haben is in position two and gewĂĽnscht closes the perfect-tense bracket.
Er wĂĽnschte sich einen ruhigen Abend.
He wished for a quiet evening.
sich means for himself, and einen ruhigen Abend means a quiet evening. Sich is dative because it names the person receiving the wish, and the accusative object follows; the weak past form wĂĽnschte is in position two.
WĂĽnsch dir etwas!
Make a wish!
dir means for yourself, and etwas means something. The informal imperative wĂĽnsch comes first, while dir is dative for the person making the wish; the exclamation mark is punctuation, not part of the verb form.
Ich wünschte, ich hätte mehr Zeit.
I wish I had more time.
mehr Zeit means more time, and hätte means had in this unreal wish. Wünschte introduces a wish about a situation that is not true now; in the clause beginning with ich, the finite verb hätte goes to the end.
Ich werde mir zum Geburtstag eine Reise wĂĽnschen.
I will wish for a trip for my birthday.
zum Geburtstag means for my birthday, and eine Reise means a trip. Mir is dative for the person making the wish and eine Reise is accusative; werde is in position two and the infinitive wĂĽnschen goes to the end.
Ich wünsche Ihnen einen schönen Abend.
I wish you a pleasant evening.
Ihnen means you in the polite dative form, and einen schönen Abend means a pleasant evening. The person receiving the wish is dative and the wished-for experience is accusative; the finite verb wünsche stands in position two.
Wir wĂĽnschen dir gute Reise!
We wish you a good journey!
dir means you in the informal dative form, and gute Reise means a good journey. Dir is dative because it is the person receiving the wish, and wĂĽnschen is plural after wir; this is a common fixed farewell expression.
zufrieden — satisfied; content ​
Zufrieden is usually used with sein and mit plus the dative: mit etwas zufrieden sein. It means satisfied, not simply happy in every situation.
Ich bin mit dem Ergebnis zufrieden.
I am satisfied with the result.
das Ergebnis means the result. Mit takes the dative, so dem Ergebnis is dative; zufrieden comes after the verb bin as a predicative adjective and has no ending.
Sie ist eine zufriedene Kundin.
She is a satisfied customer.
eine Kundin means a female customer. Zufriedene describes the noun Kundin and takes the ending -e after eine in the feminine nominative; the verb ist is in position two.
Heute bin ich zufriedener als gestern.
Today I am more satisfied than yesterday.
heute means today and gestern means yesterday. Zufriedener compares two situations and is followed by als; because it comes after bin, it has no adjective ending.
Am Abend bin ich am zufriedensten.
In the evening I am the most satisfied.
am Abend means in the evening. Am zufriedensten is the predicative superlative with am; it is not declined because it does not stand directly before a noun.
Bist du mit deiner Arbeit zufrieden?
Are you satisfied with your work?
deine Arbeit means your work. Mit requires the dative, so deiner Arbeit is dative; in this yes-no question the finite verb bist comes first.
der Ärger — trouble, annoyance; anger, annoyance ​
Ärger is normally an uncountable noun meaning trouble or annoyance, so it has no ordinary plural. For a specific argument or angry reaction, German can use sich ärgern or ärgerlich instead.
Der Ă„rger beginnt heute.
The trouble starts today.
beginnt means begins and heute means today. Der Ă„rger is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb beginnt stands in position two.
Wir vermeiden Ă„rger.
We avoid trouble.
wir means we and vermeiden means avoid. Ă„rger is an uncountable accusative object after vermeiden; it has no article here because it means trouble in general.
Mit dem Ă„rger kann ich nicht umgehen.
I cannot deal with the trouble.
mit means with, kann means can, and umgehen mit means deal with. Dem Ă„rger is dative because mit requires the dative; umgehen is separable, so gehe ... um would split in a main clause.
Die Ursache des Ă„rgers ist unbekannt.
The cause of the trouble is unknown.
die Ursache means the cause and unbekannt means unknown. Des Ă„rgers is genitive because it identifies what the cause belongs to; the noun adds -s and the finite verb ist is in position two.
Wegen des Ă„rgers gehen wir nach Hause.
Because of the trouble, we are going home.
wegen means because of, gehen means go, and nach Hause means homewards or home. This sentence shows a mass-noun use rather than a true plural: Ă„rger has no normal plural, and des Ă„rgers is genitive after formal wegen.
Sie hat viel Ă„rger mit ihrem Nachbarn.
She has a lot of trouble with her neighbour.
sie means she, viel means a lot of, and der Nachbar is the neighbour. Ă„rger is the accusative object of haben without an article because it is uncountable; mit ihrem Nachbarn uses dative after mit.
Er ärgert sich über den Ärger.
He is annoyed about the trouble.
sich ärgern über means to be annoyed about, and er means he. Den Ärger is accusative because über expresses the topic of the annoyance here; the reflexive pronoun sich belongs to the verb and must not be omitted.
ärgerlich — annoying, irritating; annoyed; annoyed, upset ​
ärgerlich can describe something that causes irritation, such as ein ärgerlicher Fehler, or a person's reaction: Ich bin ärgerlich means I am annoyed. For the verb meaning to annoy someone, use ärgern.
Die lange Wartezeit ist ärgerlich.
The long wait is annoying.
die lange Wartezeit means the long waiting time. ärgerlich describes the situation after ist, so it has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Das war ein ärgerlicher Fehler.
That was an annoying mistake.
das means that, war means was, and der Fehler is the mistake. ärgerlicher comes before the masculine noun Fehler after ein in the nominative, so it takes the ending -er.
Der neue Weg ist ärgerlicher als der alte.
The new route is more annoying than the old one.
der neue Weg means the new route, neu means new, and der alte means the old one. als introduces the thing used for comparison, while ärgerlicher is predicative after ist.
Dieser Fehler ist am ärgerlichsten.
This mistake is the most annoying.
dieser Fehler means this mistake. am ärgerlichsten is the superlative used after ist; because it is not directly before a noun, it uses am and does not take a noun-related adjective ending.
Ich bin ärgerlich über die Verspätung.
I am annoyed about the delay.
ich means I and die Verspätung is the delay. über die Verspätung uses the accusative because über has that case with the meaning about; ärgerlich is predicative after bin.
Warum bist du so ärgerlich?
Why are you so annoyed?
warum means why and so means so or so much. In this question, bist comes directly after warum, while ärgerlich follows bist as a predicative adjective.
ärgern — to annoy, irritate; to be annoyed; to be annoyed, to get upset ​
In its transitive use, ärgern means to annoy someone and takes an accusative object: jemanden ärgern. As a reflexive verb, sich ärgern means to be annoyed and is commonly followed by über plus the accusative; the perfect uses haben.
Der Lärm ärgert die Nachbarn.
The noise annoys the neighbours.
der Lärm means the noise and die Nachbarn means the neighbours. die Nachbarn is accusative because ärgern takes the person who is annoyed as a direct object; the finite verb ärgert stands in position two.
Der Lärm hat die Nachbarn geärgert.
The noise annoyed the neighbours.
der Lärm means the noise and die Nachbarn means the neighbours. The perfect uses hat plus geärgert because ärgern takes haben; the participle goes to the end and die Nachbarn remains accusative.
Der Lärm ärgerte die Nachbarn den ganzen Abend.
The noise annoyed the neighbours all evening.
den ganzen Abend means all evening. die Nachbarn is accusative as the direct object of ärgerte, and the weak past ending -te marks the Präteritum.
Ă„rgere deinen Bruder nicht!
Don't annoy your brother!
deinen Bruder means your brother, and nicht means not. Ă„rgere is the singular du imperative and has no subject pronoun; deinen Bruder is accusative because he is the person being annoyed.
Ich ärgerte mich über den verspäteten Zug.
I was annoyed about the late train.
mich means myself and der verspätete Zug means the delayed train. This sentence uses the past form ärgerte; the reflexive pattern is sich über etwas ärgern, with über taking the accusative here.
Das wird dich ärgern.
That will annoy you.
das means that and dich means you. dich is accusative because ärgern takes a direct object; wird is the finite verb in position two and the infinitive ärgern goes to the end.
Ich ärgere mich über den Lärm.
I am annoyed about the noise.
ich means I and der Lärm means the noise. The pattern is sich über etwas ärgern: mich is the accusative reflexive pronoun, and über den Lärm is accusative because this meaning of über takes the accusative.
Ă„rgere dich nicht ĂĽber kleine Fehler.
Don't get annoyed about small mistakes.
dich means yourself, kleine Fehler means small mistakes, and nicht means not. The negative du imperative is Ă„rgere dich nicht; ĂĽber kleine Fehler is an accusative phrase after ĂĽber.
öde — boring, bleak ​
öde can describe something that is boring because nothing interesting happens; it can also describe a bleak or empty landscape. In the second meaning, English desolate or bleak is often a better translation than boring.
Der Film ist öde.
The film is boring.
der Film means the film, and öde means boring. The adjective is predicative after ist, so it has no ending; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Wir sehen einen öden Film.
We are watching a boring film.
sehen means to watch or see, and einen Film means a film. einen öden Film is accusative because sehen takes an accusative object; after the indefinite article, the adjective takes the ending -en.
Der zweite Film war öder als der erste.
The second film was more boring than the first one.
der zweite Film means the second film, and der erste means the first one. öder compares this film with another using als; because it follows war predicatively, it has no adjective ending.
Dieser Film war am ödesten.
This film was the most boring.
dieser Film means this film, and am ödesten means the most boring. The predicative superlative uses am plus the ending -sten, and the finite verb war is in position two.
Die Landschaft wirkt im Winter öde.
The landscape looks bleak in winter.
die Landschaft means the landscape, wirken means to look or seem, and im Winter means in winter. öde is predicative after wirkt, so it has no ending; im is short for in dem and marks a time in the dative.
überglücklich — overjoyed, extremely happy ​
This adjective is stronger than ordinary glĂĽcklich, meaning happy. It often describes a reaction to good news or success and can be used before a noun or after sein.
Nach der PrĂĽfung war sie ĂĽberglĂĽcklich.
She was overjoyed after the exam.
nach der PrĂĽfung means after the exam, and war means was. The adjective is predicative after sein, so it has no ending; nach takes the dative here, and the finite verb war stands in position two.
Das ist ein ĂĽberglĂĽcklicher Vater.
That is an overjoyed father.
ein Vater means a father. ĂĽberglĂĽcklicher stands before the masculine noun Vater and has the ending -er after ein; the verb ist is in position two.
Heute ist sie ĂĽberglĂĽcklicher als gestern.
Today she is happier than yesterday.
heute means today and gestern means yesterday. The comparative ĂĽberglĂĽcklicher is followed by als for comparison, and the adjective is predicative, so it has no case ending.
Von allen Kindern ist Paul am ĂĽberglĂĽcklichsten.
Of all the children, Paul is the happiest.
von allen Kindern means of all the children, and Paul is a name. von takes the dative, while am ĂĽberglĂĽcklichsten is the predicative superlative; the verb ist is in position two.