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German Student Dictionary — Part 46
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Kriminalroman – Lage.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
der Kriminalroman — detective novel
Plural: die Kriminalromane. A staple of German bookshops and TV alike — compare "der Kriminalfilm" just below, built from the same "Kriminal-" (crime) prefix.
Nom Der Kriminalroman ist spannend.
The detective novel is exciting.
der Kriminalroman (maskulin) = detective novel · spannend = exciting/suspenseful. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kriminalroman is the subject.
Akk Er liest gern den Kriminalroman.
He likes to read the detective novel.
lesen = to read · gern = gladly/likes to. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kriminalroman is the direct object. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the bare plural "Kriminalromane" (detective novels) with no article — singularized to drill the definite Akkusativ here.
Dat Sie blättert in dem Kriminalroman.
She leafs through the detective novel.
blättern in (+ Dativ) = to leaf/flip through. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement.
Nom Ein Kriminalroman liegt auf dem Nachttisch.
A detective novel lies on the nightstand.
liegen = to lie/be lying · der Nachttisch, -e = nightstand. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich schreibe einen Kriminalroman.
I'm writing a detective novel.
schreiben = to write. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Bibliothek widmet den Kriminalromanen ein eigenes Regal.
The library dedicates its own shelf to detective novels.
die Bibliothek, -en = library · widmen (+ Dativ) = to dedicate · das Regal, -e = shelf. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kriminalroman's plural adds "-e" (Kriminalroman → Kriminalromane), then "-n" (Kriminalromane → Kriminalromanen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Kriminalfilm — detective film
Plural: die Kriminalfilme. Built from the same "Kriminal-" (crime) prefix as "Kriminalroman" just above — no example sentence is given in the source for this compound, so all examples below are built fresh.
Nom Der Kriminalfilm läuft heute Abend im Kino.
The detective film is showing tonight at the cinema.
der Kriminalfilm (maskulin) = detective film · laufen = to run/show (of a film) · das Kino, -s = cinema. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kriminalfilm is the subject.
Akk Wir sehen uns den Kriminalfilm im Fernsehen an.
We're watching the detective film on TV.
sich etwas ansehen (separable) = to watch something · das Fernsehen = television. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kriminalfilm is the direct object.
Dat Der Regisseur ist mit dem Kriminalfilm zufrieden.
The director is satisfied with the detective film.
der Regisseur, -e = director · zufrieden sein mit (+ Dativ) = to be satisfied with. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein neuer Kriminalfilm startet nächste Woche.
A new detective film premieres next week.
starten = to premiere/start · die Woche, -n = week. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich empfehle dir einen spannenden Kriminalfilm.
I recommend you an exciting detective film.
empfehlen = to recommend. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat In den Kriminalfilmen geht es oft um einen Mord.
Detective films are often about a murder.
es geht um = it's about · der Mord, -e = murder. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kriminalfilm's plural adds "-e" (Kriminalfilm → Kriminalfilme), then "-n" (Kriminalfilme → Kriminalfilmen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
das Krokodil — crocodile
Plural: die Krokodile.
Nom Das Krokodil lebt in der Nähe von Flüssen und Sümpfen.
The crocodile lives near rivers and swamps.
das Krokodil (neutral) = crocodile · der Fluss, ü-e = river · der Sumpf, ü-e = swamp. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Krokodil is the subject. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the bare plural "Krokodile" with no article — singularized (and the verb adjusted to match) to drill the definite Nominativ here.
Akk Der Fotograf beobachtet das Krokodil.
The photographer watches the crocodile.
der Fotograf, -en = photographer · beobachten = to watch/observe. "Das" stays "das" — neutral Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Krokodil is the direct object here.
Dat Der Tourist nähert sich dem Krokodil nicht.
The tourist doesn't approach the crocodile.
sich nähern (+ Dativ) = to approach. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein Krokodil schwimmt im Fluss.
A crocodile swims in the river.
schwimmen = to swim. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ.
Akk Wir sehen ein Krokodil im Zoo.
We see a crocodile at the zoo.
sehen = to see · der Zoo, -s = zoo. Neutral nouns don't change between Nominativ and Akkusativ indefinite (ein → ein) — same form as the Nominativ example above, just a different role in the sentence.
Dat Der Fluss bietet den Krokodilen genug Nahrung.
The river offers the crocodiles enough food.
bieten = to offer · die Nahrung = food. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Krokodil's plural adds "-e" (Krokodil → Krokodile), then "-n" (Krokodile → Krokodilen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Krone — crown
Plural: die Kronen.
Nom Die Krone liegt im Museum.
The crown lies in the museum.
die Krone (feminin) = crown · das Museum, Museen = museum. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Krone is the subject.
Akk Der König trägt die Krone bei der Zeremonie.
The king wears the crown at the ceremony.
der König, -e = king · tragen = to wear · die Zeremonie, -n = ceremony. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Krone is the direct object here.
Dat An der Krone glänzt ein großer Diamant.
A large diamond gleams on the crown.
an (+ Dativ, no motion) = on · glänzen = to gleam/shine · der Diamant, -en = diamond. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine goldene Krone glänzt im Licht.
A golden crown gleams in the light.
golden = golden · das Licht, -er = light. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Die Königin trägt eine Krone.
The queen wears a crown.
die Königin, -nen = queen. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article; Krone is the direct object here. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled spelling of "Königin" and "trägt."
Dat Der Museumsführer erzählt den Besuchern von den alten Kronen.
The museum guide tells the visitors about the old crowns.
der Museumsführer, - = museum guide · der Besucher, - = visitor. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kronen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
der Krug — pitcher; jug
Plural: die Krüge. Also the base of "der Bierkrug" (beer stein), the large mugs associated with Oktoberfest.
Nom Der Krug steht auf dem Tisch.
The pitcher stands on the table.
der Krug (maskulin) = pitcher/jug · stehen = to stand. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Krug is the subject.
Akk Sie füllt den Krug mit Wasser.
She fills the pitcher with water.
füllen = to fill. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Krug is the direct object.
Dat Die Milch ist in dem Krug dort drüben.
The milk is in the pitcher over there.
die Milch = milk · dort drüben = over there. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "drüben."
Nom Ein Krug fällt vom Regal.
A pitcher falls off the shelf.
fallen = to fall · das Regal, -e = shelf. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich kaufe einen neuen Krug.
I'm buying a new pitcher.
kaufen = to buy. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat In den alten Krügen war früher Wein.
Wine used to be in the old pitchers.
früher = formerly/in the past · der Wein, -e = wine. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Krug's plural adds an umlaut and "-e" (Krug → Krüge), then "-n" (Krüge → Krügen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Kruste — crust
Plural: die Krusten.
Nom Die Kruste ist knusprig.
The crust is crispy.
die Kruste (feminin) = crust · knusprig = crispy. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Kruste is the subject.
Akk Ich liebe die Kruste beim französischen Brot.
I like the crust on French bread.
lieben = to love/like a lot · französisch = French · das Brot, -e = bread. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Kruste is the direct object here. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled spelling of "französischen."
Dat Der Bäcker fügt der Kruste mehr Salz hinzu.
The baker adds more salt to the crust.
der Bäcker, - = baker · hinzufügen (separable, + Dativ) = to add · das Salz = salt. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine dicke Kruste bedeckt den Kuchen.
A thick crust covers the cake.
dick = thick · bedecken = to cover. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Der Bäcker backt eine goldene Kruste.
The baker bakes a golden crust.
backen = to bake. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Mit den knusprigen Krusten schmeckt das Brot am besten.
With the crispy crusts, the bread tastes best.
mit (+ Dativ) = with · schmecken = to taste. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Krusten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Küche — kitchen
Plural: die Küchen. Also used for "cuisine" in general, as in "die deutsche Küche" (German cuisine).
Nom Die Küche ist sehr modern.
The kitchen is very modern.
die Küche (feminin) = kitchen · modern = modern. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Küche is the subject.
Akk Wir renovieren die Küche.
We're renovating the kitchen.
renovieren = to renovate. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Küche is the direct object here.
Dat Wir essen in der Küche zu Mittag.
We eat lunch in the kitchen.
zu Mittag essen = to eat lunch. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled spelling of "Küche."
Nom Eine kleine Küche reicht für zwei Personen.
A small kitchen is enough for two people.
reichen = to be enough · die Person, -en = person. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Sie plant eine neue Küche.
She's planning a new kitchen.
planen = to plan. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat In den Küchen der Restaurants arbeiten viele Köche.
Many cooks work in the kitchens of restaurants.
das Restaurant, -s = restaurant · der Koch, ö-e = cook. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Küchen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
der Kuchen — pie; cake
Plural: die Kuchen (unchanged). This paragraph bundles the compound Apfelkuchen (apple pie) — its own entry just below.
Nom Der Kuchen duftet nach Zimt.
The cake smells of cinnamon.
der Kuchen (maskulin) = pie/cake · duften nach = to smell of · der Zimt = cinnamon. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kuchen is the subject.
Akk Sie schneidet den Kuchen in Stücke.
She cuts the cake into pieces.
schneiden = to cut · das Stück, -e = piece. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kuchen is the direct object.
Dat Auf dem Kuchen liegen frische Erdbeeren.
Fresh strawberries lie on the cake.
auf (+ Dativ, no motion) = on · die Erdbeere, -n = strawberry. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Kuchen steht auf dem Tisch.
A cake stands on the table.
stehen = to stand. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Was für einen Kuchen möchtest du zu deinem Geburtstag?
What kind of cake do you want for your birthday?
was für (ein) = what kind of (a) · möchten = would like · der Geburtstag, -e = birthday. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den. The dictionary's own example, corrected for a dropped umlaut and the OCR-garbled "möchtest."
Dat Zwischen den vielen Kuchen fällt die Entscheidung schwer.
Among the many cakes, the decision is hard.
zwischen (+ Dativ, no motion) = among/between · die Entscheidung, -en = decision. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kuchen's plural is unchanged (Kuchen → Kuchen) and already ends in "-n," so no further "-n" is added.
der Apfelkuchen — apple pie
Plural: die Apfelkuchen (unchanged). Built from "Apfel" + "Kuchen" — see the entry just above. No example sentence is given in the source, so all examples here are built fresh.
Nom Der Apfelkuchen schmeckt nach Zimt und Äpfeln.
The apple pie tastes of cinnamon and apples.
der Apfelkuchen (maskulin) = apple pie · schmecken nach = to taste of · der Apfel, ä- = apple. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Apfelkuchen is the subject.
Akk Meine Oma backt den Apfelkuchen jeden Sonntag.
My grandma bakes the apple pie every Sunday.
die Oma, -s = grandma · backen = to bake · jeden Sonntag = every Sunday. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Apfelkuchen is the direct object.
Dat Zu dem Apfelkuchen passt eine Kugel Vanilleeis.
A scoop of vanilla ice cream goes well with the apple pie.
zu (+ Dativ) = to/with · passen zu = to go well with · die Kugel, -n = scoop. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein warmer Apfelkuchen duftet in der ganzen Küche.
A warm apple pie smells through the whole kitchen.
warm = warm · duften = to smell (nicely) · ganz = whole. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir backen einen Apfelkuchen für das Fest.
We're baking an apple pie for the party.
das Fest, -e = party/celebration. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Zwischen den vielen Apfelkuchen entscheidet sie sich für den kleinsten.
Among the many apple pies, she decides on the smallest one.
sich entscheiden für = to decide on. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Apfelkuchen's plural is unchanged (Apfelkuchen → Apfelkuchen) and already ends in "-n," so no further "-n" is added.
der Kugelschreiber — ball-point pen
Plural: die Kugelschreiber (unchanged). Often shortened colloquially to "der Kuli." The dictionary's own example — "Ich ziehe es vor, mit einem Kugelschreiber zu schreiben" (I prefer to write with a ball-point pen) — uses an indefinite Dativ, a case this template doesn't drill (only Nom/Akk indefinite), so all six examples below are built fresh instead.
Nom Der Kugelschreiber schreibt nicht mehr.
The ball-point pen doesn't write anymore.
der Kugelschreiber (maskulin) = ball-point pen · schreiben = to write. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kugelschreiber is the subject.
Akk Sie leiht sich den Kugelschreiber von ihrem Nachbarn.
She borrows the ball-point pen from her neighbor.
sich leihen = to borrow · der Nachbar, -n = neighbor. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kugelschreiber is the direct object.
Dat Er unterschreibt den Vertrag mit dem Kugelschreiber.
He signs the contract with the ball-point pen.
unterschreiben = to sign · der Vertrag, ä-e = contract · mit (+ Dativ) = with. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein blauer Kugelschreiber liegt auf dem Schreibtisch.
A blue ball-point pen lies on the desk.
blau = blue · der Schreibtisch, -e = desk. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Lehrer gibt mir einen Kugelschreiber.
The teacher gives me a ball-point pen.
geben = to give. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Schule versorgt die Schüler mit neuen Kugelschreibern.
The school supplies the students with new ball-point pens.
versorgen mit (+ Dativ) = to supply with · der Schüler, - = student. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kugelschreiber's plural is unchanged (Kugelschreiber → Kugelschreiber), then adds "-n" (Kugelschreiber → Kugelschreibern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Kuh — cow
Plural: die Kühe.
Nom Die Kuh gibt Milch.
The cow gives milk.
die Kuh (feminin) = cow · geben = to give · die Milch = milk. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Kuh is the subject. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the bare plural "Kühe" with no article — singularized to drill the definite Nominativ here.
Akk Der Bauer melkt die Kuh am Morgen.
The farmer milks the cow in the morning.
der Bauer, -n = farmer · melken = to milk. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Kuh is the direct object here.
Dat Der Bauer gibt der Kuh frisches Heu.
The farmer gives the cow fresh hay.
das Heu = hay. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Kuh steht auf der Weide.
A cow stands in the pasture.
die Weide, -n = pasture. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Wir sehen eine braune Kuh auf dem Feld.
We see a brown cow in the field.
braun = brown · das Feld, -er = field. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Bauer bringt den Kühen frisches Wasser.
The farmer brings the cows fresh water.
bringen = to bring. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kuh's plural adds an umlaut (Kuh → Kühe), then "-n" (Kühe → Kühen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
kühl — cool
Comparative/superlative: kühl → kühler → am kühlsten (regular, no umlaut change).
Es ist draußen kühl.
It's cool out.
draußen = outside. Predicate use after "ist" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ein kühles Getränk ist an einem warmen Tag angenehm.
A cool drink is welcome on a hot day.
das Getränk, -e = drink · warm = warm · angenehm = pleasant/welcome. "Kühles" — neutral Nominativ ending after "ein." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "1st" → "ist" and a dropped umlaut in "Getränk."
der Kühlschrank — refrigerator
Plural: die Kühlschränke. Literally "cool cabinet" (kühl + der Schrank).
Nom Der Kühlschrank ist leer.
The refrigerator is empty.
der Kühlschrank (maskulin) = refrigerator · leer = empty. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kühlschrank is the subject.
Akk Wir stellen den Kühlschrank in die Ecke.
We put the refrigerator in the corner.
stellen = to put/place · die Ecke, -n = corner. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kühlschrank is the direct object.
Dat Die Milch ist in dem Kühlschrank.
The milk is in the refrigerator.
die Milch = milk. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement. The dictionary's own example uses the contraction "im" (in + dem), spelled out here to show the case.
Nom Ein neuer Kühlschrank steht in der Küche.
A new refrigerator stands in the kitchen.
stehen = to stand. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir kaufen einen größeren Kühlschrank.
We're buying a bigger refrigerator.
größer = bigger. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat In den alten Kühlschränken gab es kein Gefrierfach.
The old refrigerators had no freezer compartment.
das Gefrierfach, ä-er = freezer compartment. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kühlschrank's plural adds an umlaut and "-e" (Kühlschrank → Kühlschränke), then "-n" (Kühlschränke → Kühlschränken) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Kunst — art
Plural: die Künste. This paragraph bundles the noun Künstler (artist) — its own entry just below.
Nom Die Kunst fasziniert viele Menschen.
Art fascinates many people.
die Kunst (feminin) = art · faszinieren = to fascinate · der Mensch, -en = person. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Kunst is the subject.
Akk Er studiert die Kunst der Renaissance.
He studies the art of the Renaissance.
studieren = to study. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Kunst is the direct object here.
Dat Das Museum widmet sich der modernen Kunst.
The museum devotes itself to modern art.
sich widmen (+ Dativ) = to devote oneself to · modern = modern. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Ballett ist eine Kunst.
Ballet is an art.
das Ballett, -e = ballet. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending; Kunst is the predicate noun. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the alternate spelling "Ballet" to standard "Ballett."
Akk Sie entdeckt eine neue Kunst für sich.
She discovers a new art for herself.
entdecken = to discover. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Kritiker widmet sich den verschiedenen Künsten.
The critic devotes himself to the various arts.
der Kritiker, - = critic · verschieden = various. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Künste already ends in "-e," so only "-n" is added (Künste → Künsten).
der Künstler — artist
Plural: die Künstler (unchanged). Feminine: die Künstlerin, -nen (given in the source as "Künstler, der (-in, f.)"). Built from "Kunst" — see the entry just above. Not a weak noun despite the person-noun sense — regular declension (des Künstlers, die Künstler). The dictionary's own example — "Mir gefallen die Zeichnungen dieses Künstlers" (I like this artist's drawings) — uses a Genitiv not drilled here, so all six examples below are built fresh.
Nom Der Künstler malt ein neues Bild.
The artist paints a new picture.
der Künstler (maskulin) = artist · malen = to paint · das Bild, -er = picture. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Künstler is the subject.
Akk Die Galerie stellt den Künstler in der neuen Ausstellung vor.
The gallery presents the artist in the new exhibition.
die Galerie, -n = gallery · vorstellen (separable) = to present/introduce · die Ausstellung, -en = exhibition. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Künstler is the direct object.
Dat Der Sammler dankt dem Künstler für das Werk.
The collector thanks the artist for the work.
der Sammler, - = collector · danken (+ Dativ) = to thank · das Werk, -e = work (of art). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein bekannter Künstler eröffnet die Ausstellung.
A well-known artist opens the exhibition.
bekannt = well-known. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir treffen einen jungen Künstler im Café.
We meet a young artist at the café.
treffen = to meet · das Café, -s = café. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Stadt hilft den lokalen Künstlern mit einem Stipendium.
The city helps the local artists with a grant.
helfen (+ Dativ) = to help · das Stipendium, Stipendien = grant/scholarship. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Künstler's plural is unchanged (Künstler → Künstler), then adds "-n" (Künstler → Künstlern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Kürbis — pumpkin
Plural: die Kürbisse. Familiar from soups and pies (Kürbissuppe, Kürbiskuchen) and, increasingly, from Halloween decorating. The dictionary's own example — "Magst du Kürbiskuchen?" (Do you like pumpkin pie?) — uses the bare compound "Kürbiskuchen" with no case-marked article, so it doesn't slot into the drills below; all six are built fresh instead.
Nom Der Kürbis liegt auf dem Feld.
The pumpkin lies in the field.
der Kürbis (maskulin) = pumpkin · liegen = to lie/be lying · das Feld, -er = field. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kürbis is the subject.
Akk Wir schnitzen den Kürbis zu Halloween.
We carve the pumpkin for Halloween.
schnitzen = to carve. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kürbis is the direct object.
Dat Die Köchin fügt dem Kürbis Gewürze hinzu.
The cook adds spices to the pumpkin.
die Köchin, -nen = cook (f.) · hinzufügen (separable, + Dativ) = to add · das Gewürz, -e = spice. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein großer Kürbis wächst im Garten.
A big pumpkin grows in the garden.
wachsen = to grow · der Garten, ä- = garden. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir kaufen einen Kürbis für die Suppe.
We're buying a pumpkin for the soup.
die Suppe, -n = soup. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Zwischen den vielen Kürbissen sucht sie den größten aus.
Among the many pumpkins, she picks out the biggest one.
aussuchen (separable) = to pick out. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kürbis's plural adds "-e" (Kürbis → Kürbisse), then "-n" (Kürbisse → Kürbissen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Kurs — course
Plural: die Kurse. Also used for an exchange rate (der Wechselkurs). The dictionary's own example — "Welchen Kurs belegst du in der Schule?" (Which course are you taking in school?) — uses the interrogative "welchen" rather than a plain definite/indefinite article, so it doesn't slot into the drills below; all six are built fresh instead.
Nom Der Kurs beginnt um neun Uhr.
The course starts at nine o'clock.
der Kurs (maskulin) = course · beginnen = to begin. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kurs is the subject.
Akk Ich belege den Kurs im nächsten Semester.
I'm taking the course next semester.
belegen = to take/enroll in (a course) · das Semester, - = semester. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kurs is the direct object.
Dat Sie ist neu in dem Kurs.
She is new in the course.
neu = new. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement.
Nom Ein neuer Kurs startet im Herbst.
A new course starts in fall.
der Herbst = fall/autumn. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich suche einen guten Kurs für Anfänger.
I'm looking for a good course for beginners.
der Anfänger, - = beginner. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Zwischen den vielen Kursen fällt die Wahl schwer.
Among the many courses, the choice is difficult.
die Wahl, -en = choice. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kurs's plural adds "-e" (Kurs → Kurse), then "-n" (Kurse → Kursen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
kurz — short (length)
Comparative/superlative: kurz → kürzer → am kürzesten (irregular — adds an umlaut).
Mein Sohn hat kurze Haare.
My son has short hair.
der Sohn, ö-e = son · das Haar, -e = hair. "Kurze" — plural attributive ending, no article present before "Haare." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Der Rock ist mir zu kurz.
The skirt is too short for me.
der Rock, ö-e = skirt · zu = too. Predicate use after "ist" — no ending.
küssen — to kiss
Regular weak verb: ich küsse, du küsst, er/sie küsst, wir küssen, ihr küsst, sie küssen. Perfekt: hat geküsst. This paragraph bundles the noun Kuss (kiss) — its own entry just below.
Ich werde dich auf die Backe küssen.
I'll kiss you on the cheek.
werden (Futur) = will · dich = you (Akkusativ) · die Backe, -n = cheek. The dictionary's own example, corrected for a dropped umlaut in "küssen."
Die Mutter küsst ihr Kind zur guten Nacht.
The mother kisses her child goodnight.
die Mutter, ü- = mother · das Kind, -er = child.
der Kuss — kiss
Plural: die Küsse. Bundled with the verb "küssen" just above — the dictionary's headword prints as "Kuft, ein," garbled OCR for "Kuss, der." No example sentence is given separately for the noun, so all six below are built fresh.
Nom Der Kuss war kurz, aber schön.
The kiss was short but sweet.
der Kuss (maskulin) = kiss · kurz = short · schön = nice/sweet. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Kuss is the subject.
Akk Er erinnert sich an den Kuss.
He remembers the kiss.
sich erinnern an (+ Akkusativ) = to remember. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Kuss is the direct object.
Dat Nach dem Kuss lächelt sie.
After the kiss, she smiles.
nach (+ Dativ) = after. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Kuss sagt manchmal mehr als Worte.
A kiss sometimes says more than words.
manchmal = sometimes · das Wort, -e = word. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie gibt ihm einen Kuss auf die Wange.
She gives him a kiss on the cheek.
die Wange, -n = cheek. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Zwischen den vielen Küssen vergisst er die Zeit.
Amid the many kisses, he forgets the time.
vergessen = to forget · die Zeit, -en = time. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Kuss's plural adds an umlaut and "-e" (Kuss → Küsse), then "-n" (Küsse → Küssen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Küste — shore; coast
Plural: die Küsten. The dictionary's own example — "Sie leben (wohnen) in der Nähe der Küste" (They live near the shore) — puts "Küste" in a Genitiv slot after "in der Nähe" (near), a case this template doesn't drill, so all six examples below are built fresh.
Nom Die Küste ist wunderschön.
The coast is beautiful.
die Küste (feminin) = shore/coast · wunderschön = beautiful. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Küste is the subject.
Akk Wir erkunden die Küste mit dem Fahrrad.
We explore the coast by bike.
erkunden = to explore · das Fahrrad, ä-er = bicycle. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Küste is the direct object here.
Dat Das Dorf liegt an der Küste.
The village lies on the coast.
das Dorf, ö-er = village · an (+ Dativ, no motion) = on. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine felsige Küste zieht viele Touristen an.
A rocky coast attracts many tourists.
felsig = rocky · anziehen (separable) = to attract. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Wir besuchen eine ruhige Küste im Norden.
We visit a quiet coast in the north.
ruhig = quiet · der Norden = north. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Stürme bedrohen häufig die Häuser an den flachen Küsten.
Storms frequently threaten the houses on the flat coasts.
der Sturm, ü-e = storm · bedrohen = to threaten · häufig = frequently · flach = flat. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Küsten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
lächeln — to smile
Like other "-eln" verbs, the "ich" form drops an "e": ich lächle, du lächelst, er/sie lächelt, wir lächeln, ihr lächelt, sie lächeln. Perfekt: hat gelächelt. This paragraph bundles the noun Lächeln (smile) — its own entry just below.
Wir sollten für das Bild lächeln.
We ought to smile for the picture.
sollen (Konjunktiv II: sollten) = should/ought to · das Bild, -er = picture. The dictionary's own example, corrected for a dropped umlaut in "für."
Sie lächelt, wenn sie glücklich ist.
She smiles when she's happy.
glücklich = happy.
das Lächeln — the smile
Plural: none. Like all nominalized infinitives ("das Lesen," "das Schwimmen"), "Lächeln" is always neuter and doesn't naturally pluralize, so this entry skips the plural drill and only covers the definite and indefinite singular. Built from "lächeln" — see the entry just above.
Nom Das Lächeln der Kinder ist ansteckend.
The children's smile is contagious.
das Lächeln (neutral, nominalized infinitive) = the smile · ansteckend = contagious. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Lächeln is the subject.
Akk Ich mag das Lächeln meiner Schwester.
I like my sister's smile.
mögen = to like · die Schwester, -n = sister. "Das" stays "das" — neutral Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Lächeln is the direct object here.
Dat Sie reagiert mit dem gleichen Lächeln wie immer.
She reacts with the same smile as always.
reagieren mit (+ Dativ) = to react with · gleich = same. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein warmes Lächeln begrüßt die Gäste.
A warm smile greets the guests.
begrüßen = to greet · der Gast, ä-e = guest. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ.
Akk Er schenkt ihr ein Lächeln.
He gives her a smile.
schenken = to give (as a gift). Neutral nouns don't change between Nominativ and Akkusativ indefinite (ein → ein) — same form as the Nominativ example above, just a different role in the sentence.
lachen — to laugh
Regular weak verb: ich lache, du lachst, er/sie lacht, wir lachen, ihr lacht, sie lachen. Perfekt: hat gelacht. Saying: "Lachen ist gesund" (laughter is healthy).
Die Kinder lachen, wenn sie den Clown sehen.
The children laugh when they see the clown.
das Kind, -er = child · der Clown, -s = clown · sehen = to see. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Warum lachst du so laut?
Why are you laughing so loud?
laut = loud(ly).
der Laden — store
Plural: die Läden. This paragraph bundles the compound Buchladen (bookstore) — see Part 13 for its own entry.
Nom Der Laden öffnet um acht Uhr.
The store opens at eight o'clock.
der Laden (maskulin) = store · öffnen = to open. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Laden is the subject.
Akk Wir besuchen den Laden an der Ecke.
We visit the store on the corner.
besuchen = to visit · die Ecke, -n = corner. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Laden is the direct object.
Dat Hast du in dem neuen Laden eingekauft?
Did you shop at the new store?
einkaufen (separable) = to shop. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" — a fixed location, no movement. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Nom Ein kleiner Laden verkauft frisches Brot.
A small store sells fresh bread.
verkaufen = to sell · das Brot, -e = bread. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie eröffnet einen eigenen Laden.
She's opening her own store.
eigen = own. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat In den Läden der Innenstadt gibt es viele Sonderangebote.
There are many special offers in the stores downtown.
die Innenstadt, ä-e = downtown · das Sonderangebot, -e = special offer. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Läden already ends in "-n" (from its own umlaut plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Lage — location; situation
Plural: die Lagen. Two common senses: physical "location" (die Lage des Hauses) and abstract "situation" (die Lage der Wirtschaft = the state of the economy).
Nom Die Lage des Hauses ist ideal.
The location of the house is ideal.
die Lage (feminin) = location/situation · das Haus, ä-er = house · ideal = ideal. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Lage is the subject.
Akk Wir analysieren die Lage genau.
We analyze the situation precisely.
analysieren = to analyze · genau = precisely. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Lage is the direct object here.
Dat Der Makler ist mit der Lage zufrieden.
The realtor is satisfied with the location.
der Makler, - = realtor · zufrieden sein mit (+ Dativ) = to be satisfied with. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine ruhige Lage ist vielen Käufern wichtig.
A quiet location is important to many buyers.
ruhig = quiet · der Käufer, - = buyer · wichtig = important. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Der Laden an der Ecke hat eine gute Lage.
The store on the corner has a good location.
der Laden, ä- = store · die Ecke, -n = corner. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article; Lage is the direct object of "hat" here. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Die Firma vergleicht die Mieten in den verschiedenen Lagen.
The company compares the rents in the various locations.
die Firma, Firmen = company · vergleichen = to compare · die Miete, -n = rent. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Lagen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.