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Vocab: Work & office — B1 (2)
Work & office vocabulary at B1 level.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
das Berufspraktikum — internship, work-experience placement
Das Berufspraktikum is usually a short placement connected with education or career training, not a permanent job.
Das Berufspraktikum beginnt im Juli.
The internship begins in July.
beginnt means begins, and im Juli means in July. Das Berufspraktikum is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb beginnt stands in position two.
Ich mache ein Berufspraktikum in einer Werkstatt.
I am doing an internship in a workshop.
mache means am doing, in einer Werkstatt means in a workshop, and Werkstatt is workshop. Ein Berufspraktikum is accusative because machen takes a direct object; the finite verb mache is in position two.
Nach der Schule hilft mir ein Berufspraktikum.
An internship helps me after school.
Nach der Schule means after school, and hilft mir means helps me. Ein Berufspraktikum is nominative here because it is the subject, while mir is dative because helfen takes a dative person; the verb hilft stands in position two.
Die Dauer des Berufspraktikums beträgt drei Monate.
The duration of the internship is three months.
Die Dauer means the duration, and beträgt drei Monate means is three months long. Des Berufspraktikums is genitive because it specifies whose duration is meant; the finite verb beträgt is in position two.
Viele Studierende machen Berufspraktika im Sommer.
Many students do internships in summer.
Viele Studierende means many students, and im Sommer means in summer. Berufspraktika is the plural without an ending added to the stem; the verb machen is plural because Studierende is the subject.
die Berufsschule — vocational school, trade school
Die Berufsschule combines classroom teaching with training for a particular occupation. In Germany, apprentices often attend it during their training.
Die Berufsschule liegt neben dem Bahnhof.
The vocational school is next to the railway station.
liegt means is located, neben means next to, and der Bahnhof is the railway station. Die Berufsschule is nominative because it is the subject; neben dem Bahnhof is a location phrase with dative, and liegt is in position two.
Ich besuche die Berufsschule zweimal pro Woche.
I attend vocational school twice a week.
besuche means attend, and zweimal pro Woche means twice a week. Die Berufsschule is accusative because besuchen takes a direct object; the finite verb besuche stands in position two.
Ich lerne in der Berufsschule viel Neues.
I learn many new things at vocational school.
lerne means learn, and viel Neues means many new things. In der Berufsschule describes a fixed location, so in takes dative; the verb lerne is in position two.
Der Eingang der Berufsschule ist dort.
The entrance to the vocational school is over there.
Der Eingang means the entrance, and dort means over there. Der Berufsschule is genitive because it identifies which entrance is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Viele Berufsschulen bieten moderne Kurse an.
Many vocational schools offer modern courses.
Viele means many, bieten ... an means offer, and moderne Kurse means modern courses. Berufsschulen is the plural with -n; the separable verb bieten ... an puts an at the end of this main clause.
berufstätig — employed, working, professionally active
Berufstätig describes someone who has paid or regular professional work. It is often used with sein, as in berufstätig sein, and does not necessarily say whether the person works full-time.
Meine Mutter ist berufstätig.
My mother has a job.
Meine Mutter means my mother, and ist means is. Berufstätig is predicative after sein, so it has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Berufstätige Eltern brauchen gute Betreuung.
Working parents need good childcare.
Eltern means parents, brauchen means need, and gute Betreuung means good childcare. Berufstätige stands before the plural noun Eltern and takes -e in this nominative subject phrase; the verb brauchen is in position two.
Heute ist mein Vater berufstätiger als früher.
Today my father is more professionally active than before.
Heute means today, mein Vater means my father, and früher means earlier or in the past. Berufstätiger is a predicative comparative after ist; als introduces the comparison, and the finite verb ist remains in position two.
Von uns allen ist Lea am berufstätigsten.
Of all of us, Lea works the most.
Von uns allen means of all of us, and von takes the dative; uns is the dative form of wir. Am berufstätigsten is the predicative superlative after ist, and the verb ist stands in position two.
die Berufstätigkeit — employment, professional activity
Die Berufstätigkeit focuses on the fact or activity of working, often in formal or administrative language. For a specific job, German more often uses der Beruf or die Arbeit.
Die Berufstätigkeit beginnt nach der Ausbildung.
Professional employment begins after the training.
beginnt means begins, nach means after, and die Ausbildung means the training. Die Berufstätigkeit is nominative because it is the subject; nach der Ausbildung uses dative because nach governs the dative, and beginnt is in position two.
Viele Menschen suchen eine Berufstätigkeit mit flexiblen Zeiten.
Many people are looking for employment with flexible hours.
Viele Menschen means many people, suchen means look for, and flexiblen Zeiten means flexible hours. Eine Berufstätigkeit is accusative because suchen takes a direct object; the adjective ending in flexiblen Zeiten reflects the dative plural after mit.
Nach der Elternzeit widmet sie sich der Berufstätigkeit.
After parental leave, she devotes herself to professional work.
Nach der Elternzeit means after parental leave, widmet ... sich means devotes herself, and Elternzeit is parental leave. Der Berufstätigkeit is dative because sich widmen takes a dative object; sich is also dative here, and the verb phrase follows the usual position-two pattern.
Die Vorteile der Berufstätigkeit sind vielfältig.
The advantages of employment are varied.
Die Vorteile means the advantages, and vielfältig means varied or diverse. Der Berufstätigkeit is genitive because it specifies the advantages; the finite verb sind stands in position two.
Verschiedene Berufstätigkeiten lassen sich gut kombinieren.
Different jobs can be combined well.
Verschiedene means different, lassen sich kombinieren means can be combined, and gut means well. Berufstätigkeiten is the plural subject, so the verb is lassen; sich belongs to the passive-like construction sich kombinieren lassen.
der Berufswunsch — career aspiration, career wish
Der Berufswunsch names the profession someone would like to choose, especially when discussing education or future plans. It is not necessarily a fixed decision.
Der Berufswunsch meines Sohnes ist Arzt.
My son's career aspiration is to become a doctor.
meines Sohnes means my son's, and Arzt means doctor. Der Berufswunsch is nominative because it is the subject; meines Sohnes is genitive to show possession, and ist stands in position two.
Sie hat einen Berufswunsch.
She has a career aspiration.
Sie hat means she has, and einen is the masculine accusative form of the indefinite article. Einen Berufswunsch is accusative because haben takes a direct object; the finite verb hat is in position two.
Ich helfe meinem Bruder bei seinem Berufswunsch.
I help my brother with his career aspiration.
Ich helfe meinem Bruder means I help my brother, and bei means with or in connection with. Meinem Bruder is dative because helfen takes a dative person, and seinem Berufswunsch is dative after bei; the verb helfe is in position two.
Die Verwirklichung des Berufswunsches dauert Jahre.
Fulfilling the career aspiration takes years.
Die Verwirklichung means the fulfilment, and dauert Jahre means takes years. Des Berufswunsches is genitive because it identifies which aspiration is being fulfilled; the finite verb dauert stands in position two.
Viele Jugendliche haben unterschiedliche Berufswünsche.
Many young people have different career aspirations.
Viele Jugendliche means many young people, unterschiedliche means different, and haben means have. Berufswünsche is the plural accusative object of haben; the plural form changes u to ü and adds -e.
beschäftigen — to employ; to occupy; to deal with
For the meaning ‘to employ’, beschäftigen takes an accusative person or group. Do not confuse active jemanden beschäftigen with passive beschäftigt sein, meaning ‘to be employed’ or ‘to be busy’.
Die Firma beschäftigt hundert Mitarbeiter.
The company employs one hundred staff members.
die Firma means ‘the company’ and hundert Mitarbeiter means ‘one hundred employees’. hundert Mitarbeiter is accusative because beschäftigen takes the employed person as a direct object, and the finite verb beschäftigt is in position two.
Die Firma hat letztes Jahr hundert Mitarbeiter beschäftigt.
The company employed one hundred staff members last year.
letztes Jahr means ‘last year’ and hundert Mitarbeiter means ‘one hundred employees’. The perfect uses hat plus beschäftigt; the auxiliary is in position two and the Partizip II goes to the end, while the object is accusative.
Die Firma beschäftigte früher nur zehn Mitarbeiter.
The company used to employ only ten staff members.
früher means ‘in the past’ and nur zehn Mitarbeiter means ‘only ten employees’. Mitarbeiter is accusative as the direct object, and the weak past form beschäftigte stands in position two.
Beschäftige bitte eine erfahrene Kraft.
Please employ an experienced worker.
bitte means ‘please’ and eine erfahrene Kraft means ‘an experienced worker’. The imperative beschäftige addresses one person informally; the object is accusative because it is the person being employed.
Ich würde gern mehr Leute beschäftigen.
I would like to employ more people.
ich würde gern means ‘I would like to’ and mehr Leute means ‘more people’. The infinitive beschäftigen follows würde, and mehr Leute is accusative as the direct object.
Die Firma wird bald neue Mitarbeiter beschäftigen.
The company will soon employ new staff members.
bald means ‘soon’ and neue Mitarbeiter means ‘new staff members’. In the future, wird is in position two and the infinitive beschäftigen goes to the end; the employees are an accusative object.
Die Kinder beschäftigen sich im Garten.
The children are keeping themselves busy in the garden.
die Kinder means ‘the children’ and im Garten means ‘in the garden’. The reflexive pronoun sich refers back to the children; the finite verb beschäftigen is in position two, and im Garten is a dative location phrase.
Wir beschäftigen uns mit deutscher Geschichte.
We are studying German history.
wir means ‘we’ and deutscher Geschichte means ‘German history’. The fixed expression sich mit etwas beschäftigen uses mit with the dative, so deutscher Geschichte is dative; in this main clause, beschäftigen is in position two.
der Beschäftigte — male employee, employed man
This is a masculine substantivized adjective: it refers specifically to a male employee. It has weak adjective endings, so the singular forms are der Beschäftigte, den Beschäftigten, and des Beschäftigten.
Der Beschäftigte kommt um acht Uhr.
The male employee arrives at eight o’clock.
kommt means ‘comes’ or ‘arrives’, and um acht Uhr means ‘at eight o’clock’. Der Beschäftigte is the nominative subject, and the finite verb kommt stands in position two.
Ich sehe den Beschäftigten im Büro.
I see the male employee in the office.
sehe means ‘see’, im Büro means ‘in the office’, and den Beschäftigten means ‘the male employee’. den Beschäftigten is accusative because sehen takes a direct object; this masculine substantivized adjective adds -n outside the nominative.
Ich helfe dem Beschäftigten bei der Aufgabe.
I help the male employee with the task.
helfe means ‘help’, bei der Aufgabe means ‘with the task’, and dem Beschäftigten means ‘the male employee’. helfen takes the dative, so dem Beschäftigten has the weak ending -en.
Das Auto des Beschäftigten steht draußen.
The male employee’s car is outside.
das Auto means ‘the car’, steht means ‘is standing’, and draußen means ‘outside’. des Beschäftigten expresses possession in the genitive, and the masculine noun keeps the weak ending -en.
Die Beschäftigten warten vor dem Gebäude.
The employees are waiting in front of the building.
warten means ‘wait’, vor dem Gebäude means ‘in front of the building’, and die Beschäftigten means ‘the employees’. die Beschäftigten is the plural subject; vor takes the dative here because it describes a fixed location, not movement.
die Beschäftigte — female employee, employed woman
This is a feminine substantivized adjective: it refers specifically to a female employee. Its nominative and accusative singular are die Beschäftigte, while the dative and genitive use der Beschäftigten.
Die Beschäftigte kommt um acht Uhr.
The female employee arrives at eight o’clock.
kommt means ‘comes’ or ‘arrives’, and um acht Uhr means ‘at eight o’clock’. Die Beschäftigte is the nominative subject, and the finite verb kommt stands in position two.
Ich sehe die Beschäftigte im Büro.
I see the female employee in the office.
sehe means ‘see’, im Büro means ‘in the office’, and die Beschäftigte means ‘the female employee’. die Beschäftigte is accusative because sehen takes a direct object; feminine nominative and accusative forms are identical here.
Ich helfe der Beschäftigten bei der Aufgabe.
I help the female employee with the task.
helfe means ‘help’, bei der Aufgabe means ‘with the task’, and der Beschäftigten means ‘the female employee’. helfen takes the dative, so the article changes to der and the substantivized adjective ends in -en.
Das Auto der Beschäftigten steht draußen.
The female employee’s car is outside.
das Auto means ‘the car’, steht means ‘is standing’, and draußen means ‘outside’. der Beschäftigten expresses possession in the genitive; feminine genitive uses der and the ending -en.
Die Beschäftigten warten vor dem Gebäude.
The employees are waiting in front of the building.
warten means ‘wait’, vor dem Gebäude means ‘in front of the building’, and die Beschäftigten means ‘the employees’. die Beschäftigten is the plural subject; vor dem Gebäude is dative because it describes a fixed location.
die Beschäftigung — employment, job; activity, occupation
Beschäftigung can mean paid employment or an activity that keeps someone occupied. The meaning is often clear from context: eine Beschäftigung suchen usually means ‘look for a job’, while eine Beschäftigung für Kinder means ‘an activity for children’.
Die Beschäftigung gibt ihm Sicherheit.
The job gives him security.
gibt means ‘gives’, ihm means ‘to him’, and Sicherheit means ‘security’. Die Beschäftigung is the nominative subject, while ihm is dative because geben gives something to someone; the finite verb gibt is in position two.
Er sucht eine neue Beschäftigung.
He is looking for new employment.
er means ‘he’, sucht means ‘is looking for’, and eine neue means ‘a new’. eine neue Beschäftigung is accusative because suchen takes a direct object, and the finite verb sucht stands in position two.
Sie widmet sich einer neuen Beschäftigung.
She devotes herself to a new occupation.
sie means ‘she’, widmet sich means ‘devotes herself’, and einer neuen means ‘a new’. The verb sich widmen takes a dative object, so einer neuen Beschäftigung is dative.
Die Vorteile der Beschäftigung sind klar.
The advantages of the employment are clear.
die Vorteile means ‘the advantages’, sind means ‘are’, and klar means ‘clear’. der Beschäftigung is genitive and shows which employment the advantages belong to; the plural subject die Vorteile makes the verb sind plural.
Viele Beschäftigungen machen den Alltag interessanter.
Many activities make everyday life more interesting.
viele means ‘many’, machen means ‘make’, den Alltag means ‘everyday life’, and interessanter means ‘more interesting’. Viele Beschäftigungen is the plural subject, while den Alltag is accusative as the object of machen.
besetzen — to occupy, fill; to cast
besetzen is a weak verb with the inseparable prefix be-, so its Partizip II is besetzt, not gebesetzt. It takes an accusative object and uses haben in the perfect.
Der Mann besetzt den letzten Platz.
The man occupies the last seat.
Der Mann means the man and der letzte Platz means the last seat. den letzten Platz is accusative because besetzen takes a direct object, and the finite verb besetzt is in position two.
Jemand hat alle Plätze besetzt.
Someone has occupied all the seats.
Jemand means someone and alle Plätze means all the seats. The perfect uses hat plus besetzt; the auxiliary is in position two and the Partizip II goes to the end.
Die Fans besetzten die ersten Reihen.
The fans occupied the first rows.
Die Fans means the fans and die ersten Reihen means the first rows. die ersten Reihen is accusative as the direct object, and the regular past form besetzten is the finite verb in position two.
Besetze diesen Platz nicht!
Do not occupy this seat!
diesen Platz means this seat and nicht means not. The imperative omits du, starts the sentence, and the negative particle comes after the accusative object here.
Ich würde den Tisch nicht besetzen.
I would not occupy the table.
den Tisch means the table and nicht means not. würde expresses the conditional, while the infinitive besetzen goes to the end; den Tisch is accusative.
Die Zuschauer werden alle Sitze besetzen.
The spectators will occupy all the seats.
Die Zuschauer means the spectators and alle Sitze means all the seats. Future tense uses werden in position two and the infinitive besetzen at the end; the seats are the accusative object.
Die Regisseurin besetzt die Hauptrolle mit einer jungen Schauspielerin.
The director casts the leading role with a young actress.
Die Regisseurin means the female director, die Hauptrolle means the leading role, and eine junge Schauspielerin means a young actress. die Hauptrolle is accusative as the role chosen, while mit takes the dative in the casting pattern.
Für den neuen Film besetzte man bekannte Schauspieler.
For the new film, they cast well-known actors.
Für den neuen Film means for the new film, man means people or they, and bekannte Schauspieler means well-known actors. für takes the accusative, and bekannte Schauspieler is also accusative as the direct object of besetzen.
das Besprechungsprotokoll — meeting minutes; meeting record
This compound combines Besprechung, “meeting”, and Protokoll, “record”. It normally refers to a written record of the topics, decisions, and tasks from a meeting.
Das Besprechungsprotokoll liegt auf dem Tisch.
The meeting record is on the table.
liegt means “is lying”, and auf dem Tisch means “on the table”. Das Besprechungsprotokoll is nominative because it is the subject; auf takes the dative here because it describes a fixed location.
Ich lese das Besprechungsprotokoll heute Abend.
I am reading the meeting record this evening.
lese means “read”, and heute Abend means “this evening”. Das Besprechungsprotokoll is accusative because lesen takes a direct object, although the neuter article looks the same as in the nominative.
Wir schicken dem Chef das Besprechungsprotokoll.
We are sending the meeting record to the boss.
schicken means “send”, and dem Chef means “to the boss”. Dem Chef is dative because it is the recipient, while das Besprechungsprotokoll is accusative as the thing sent.
Der Inhalt des Besprechungsprotokolls ist wichtig.
The content of the meeting record is important.
der Inhalt means “the content”, and wichtig means “important”. Des Besprechungsprotokolls is genitive after der Inhalt; the neuter noun has des and the ending -s.
Die Besprechungsprotokolle sind noch nicht fertig.
The meeting records are not finished yet.
noch nicht means “not yet”, and fertig means “finished”. Besprechungsprotokolle is plural, so the verb is sind, not singular ist.
der Betreuer — supervisor, support worker, mentor
Der Betreuer is the masculine person noun for someone who supervises or supports others; the feminine form is die Betreuerin. Its plural is die Betreuer, with no ending, while the genitive singular is des Betreuers.
Der Betreuer erklärt den Studenten den Plan.
The supervisor explains the plan to the students.
erklären means “to explain”, den Studenten means “to the students”, and den Plan means “the plan”. Der Betreuer is nominative because it is the subject; den Studenten is dative as the recipients, and den Plan is accusative as the thing explained.
Ich suche einen Betreuer für meine Arbeit.
I am looking for a supervisor for my project.
suche means “am looking for”, and meine Arbeit means “my project or work”. Einen Betreuer is accusative because suchen takes an accusative object; für also forces the accusative in für meine Arbeit.
Ich danke dem Betreuer für seine Hilfe.
I thank the supervisor for his help.
danke means “thank”, and seine Hilfe means “his help”. Dem Betreuer is dative because danken requires a dative person, while für seine Hilfe is accusative after für.
Das Büro des Betreuers ist im zweiten Stock.
The supervisor’s office is on the second floor.
das Büro means “the office”, and im zweiten Stock means “on the second floor”. Des Betreuers is genitive and shows possession; the masculine noun adds -s, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Die Betreuer treffen sich um neun Uhr.
The supervisors meet at nine o’clock.
treffen sich means “meet each other”, and um neun Uhr means “at nine o’clock”. Die Betreuer is the plural subject in the nominative, and the plural form is identical to the singular apart from the article.
bewerben — to apply (for), to advertise
For applying, the usual form is reflexive: sich um etwas bewerben. The preposition um takes the accusative, while bei is used for the organisation and takes the dative.
Ich bewerbe mich um eine Stelle.
I am applying for a position.
mich means myself, and eine Stelle means a position or job. Mich is the accusative reflexive pronoun, while um eine Stelle uses accusative after um; the finite verb bewerbe is in position two.
Ich habe mich um die Stelle beworben.
I applied for the position.
die Stelle means the position. The perfect uses habe plus beworben, with the Partizip II at the end; mich is the reflexive pronoun and um die Stelle is accusative.
Er bewarb sich bei einer internationalen Firma.
He applied to an international company.
bei einer internationalen Firma means at an international company. Bei always takes the dative, while sich is the reflexive pronoun; the strong past form bewarb stands in position two.
Bewirb dich noch heute!
Apply today!
noch heute means today still, or today without delay. Bewirb is the du imperative, and dich is required as the accusative reflexive pronoun; the pronoun follows the verb.
Wenn ich mehr Erfahrung hätte, würde ich mich dort bewerben.
If I had more experience, I would apply there.
mehr Erfahrung means more experience, and dort means there. The wenn clause sends hätte to the end; würde is in position two and the infinitive bewerben closes the main clause.
Sie wird sich um ein Praktikum bewerben.
She will apply for an internship.
ein Praktikum means an internship. Future uses wird in position two and bewerben at the end; sich is the reflexive pronoun and um ein Praktikum is accusative.
der Bewerber — applicant, candidate
Bewerber is a weak masculine noun: use den Bewerber and dem Bewerber, not den Bewerbers. The feminine form is Bewerberin.
Der Bewerber wartet vor dem Büro.
The applicant is waiting outside the office.
wartet means is waiting, and vor dem Büro means outside the office. Der Bewerber is nominative because it is the subject; vor takes the dative here because the position is static.
Die Firma prüft den Bewerber.
The company checks the applicant.
die Firma means the company, and prüft means checks or examines. Den Bewerber is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object; this weak masculine noun takes -n outside the nominative.
Die Personalchefin spricht mit dem Bewerber.
The head of human resources speaks with the applicant.
die Personalchefin means the female head of human resources, and spricht mit means speaks with. Mit always takes the dative, so the weak noun appears as dem Bewerber.
Die Erfahrung des Bewerbers überzeugt uns.
The applicant's experience convinces us.
die Erfahrung means experience and überzeugt uns means convinces us. Des Bewerbers is genitive to show possession; this noun has -s in the genitive.
Die Bewerber warten im Flur.
The applicants are waiting in the corridor.
warten means are waiting, and der Flur is the corridor. Die Bewerber is plural with no ending change; the plural article die and plural verb warten show the number.
die Bewerbung — application
A Bewerbung is an application, especially for a job, university place or training course. It can mean both the process of applying and the written application documents.
Die Bewerbung ist vollständig.
The application is complete.
vollständig means complete. Die Bewerbung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich schreibe eine Bewerbung.
I am writing an application.
schreibe means write. Eine Bewerbung is accusative because schreiben takes a direct object; the finite verb schreibe is in position two.
Ich füge der Bewerbung meinen Lebenslauf bei.
I attach my CV to the application.
füge ... bei means attach, and mein Lebenslauf means my CV. Der Bewerbung is dative because it is the recipient or target of the attachment; the separable verb places bei at the end.
Der Inhalt der Bewerbung ist überzeugend.
The content of the application is convincing.
der Inhalt means the content, and überzeugend means convincing. Der Bewerbung is genitive because it identifies which content is meant; feminine genitive uses der.
Wir bearbeiten heute viele Bewerbungen.
We are processing many applications today.
bearbeiten means process, and heute means today. Viele Bewerbungen is plural and accusative because it is the object of bearbeiten; the plural ending is -en.
das Bewerbungsschreiben — application letter, cover letter
This compound combines Bewerbung, an application, with Schreiben, a letter or piece of writing. It is usually written as one word and is neuter because the final part Schreiben is neuter.
Das Bewerbungsschreiben ist fertig.
The application letter is finished.
fertig means finished or ready. The noun is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich überarbeite das Bewerbungsschreiben.
I am revising the application letter.
überarbeiten means to revise or edit, and ich means I. das Bewerbungsschreiben is accusative because überarbeiten takes a direct object; the finite verb überarbeite is in position two.
Ich füge dem Bewerbungsschreiben einen Lebenslauf bei.
I enclose a CV with the application letter.
beifügen means to enclose or add, and einen Lebenslauf is a CV. dem Bewerbungsschreiben is dative because beifügen uses dative for the recipient or thing receiving the addition; the separable verb has füge in position two and bei at the end.
Die Qualität des Bewerbungsschreibens ist wichtig.
The quality of the application letter is important.
die Qualität means the quality, and wichtig means important. des Bewerbungsschreibens is genitive because it specifies whose quality is meant; the noun gets -s in the genitive singular.
Viele Bewerbungsschreiben enthalten ähnliche Sätze.
Many application letters contain similar sentences.
viele means many, enthalten means contain, and ähnliche Sätze means similar sentences. Bewerbungsschreiben has the same form in the singular and plural, so the article or another determiner shows the number.
die Bewerbungsunterlage — application document, application material
The compound combines Bewerbung, an application, with Unterlage, a document or supporting material. In job applications, the plural Bewerbungsunterlagen often means the complete set of documents.
Die Bewerbungsunterlage liegt auf dem Tisch.
The application document is on the table.
liegt means is lying, and auf dem Tisch means on the table. die Bewerbungsunterlage is nominative because it is the subject; auf takes dative here because the sentence describes a location, not movement.
Ich prüfe die Bewerbungsunterlage.
I am checking the application document.
prüfen means to check or examine, and ich means I. die Bewerbungsunterlage is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object; with a feminine noun, the nominative and accusative articles are both die.
Ich schicke der Bewerbungsunterlage eine Kopie bei.
I enclose a copy with the application document.
schicken means to send, and eine Kopie is a copy. der Bewerbungsunterlage is dative because it marks the recipient or target of the addition; the finite verb schicke is in position two and bei closes the separable verb.
Die Vollständigkeit der Bewerbungsunterlage ist entscheidend.
The completeness of the application document is crucial.
die Vollständigkeit means completeness, and entscheidend means crucial. der Bewerbungsunterlage is genitive because it identifies which document's completeness is meant; feminine genitive uses der.
Die Bewerbungsunterlagen sind vollständig.
The application documents are complete.
vollständig means complete. Bewerbungsunterlagen is plural because the noun ends in -en here, and the plural subject requires sind, not singular ist.
der Bibliothekar — librarian
Der Bibliothekar is a male librarian; the feminine form is die Bibliothekarin. The plural is die Bibliothekare.
Der Bibliothekar hilft den Besuchern.
The librarian helps the visitors.
hilft means “helps”, and den Besuchern means “the visitors”. Der Bibliothekar is nominative as the subject, while helfen takes a dative object, so den Besuchern is dative.
Ich frage den Bibliothekar nach einem Buch.
I ask the librarian about a book.
frage means “ask”, nach einem Buch means “about a book”, and Buch means “book”. Den Bibliothekar is accusative because fragen takes an accusative person; nach always takes the dative.
Ich gebe dem Bibliothekar meine Karte.
I give my card to the librarian.
gebe means “give”, meine Karte means “my card”, and Karte means “card”. Dem Bibliothekar is dative because he receives the card, while meine Karte is the accusative object.
Die Empfehlung des Bibliothekars war sehr hilfreich.
The librarian’s recommendation was very helpful.
Die Empfehlung means “the recommendation”, and hilfreich means “helpful”. Des Bibliothekars is genitive to show whose recommendation it was; this noun takes -s in the genitive.
Die Bibliothekare organisieren eine Lesung.
The librarians are organising a reading.
organisieren means “organise”, and eine Lesung means “a reading event”. Bibliothekare is the plural of Bibliothekar, and it is the nominative subject of the sentence.
die Bilanz — balance sheet; balance, overall result; overall assessment; balance of results
In business, die Bilanz is a balance sheet; more generally, eine Bilanz ziehen means to draw a conclusion or assess results. It is feminine, so its genitive is der Bilanz and its plural is die Bilanzen.
Die Bilanz des Unternehmens ist positiv.
The company's balance sheet is positive.
das Unternehmen means company, and positiv means positive. Die Bilanz is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Der Prüfer prüft die Bilanz.
The auditor checks the balance sheet.
der Prüfer is an auditor, and prüfen means to check or audit. Die Bilanz is accusative because prüfen takes a direct object; its feminine article stays die in both nominative and accusative.
Der Vorstand vertraut der Bilanz.
The board trusts the balance sheet.
der Vorstand means the board of directors, and vertrauen means to trust. Der Bilanz is dative because vertrauen governs the dative; the finite verb vertraut is in position two.
Die Zahlen der Bilanz sind geheim.
The figures in the balance sheet are confidential.
die Zahlen means the figures or numbers, and geheim means confidential. Der Bilanz is genitive because it identifies whose figures they are; the plural subject Zahlen makes the verb sind plural.
Die Bilanzen werden im März veröffentlicht.
The balance sheets will be published in March.
veröffentlichen means to publish, and im März means in March. Bilanzen is plural, marked by -en, and the passive auxiliary werden agrees with the plural subject.
Die Bilanz des Projekts fällt gut aus.
The project's final result is good.
das Projekt means project, and gut ausfallen means to turn out well. Die Bilanz is the subject, while the separable verb ausfallen splits into fällt ... aus in a main clause.
Nach dem Kurs zieht die Lehrerin eine Bilanz.
After the course, the teacher takes stock.
der Kurs is the course, and die Lehrerin is the female teacher. Eine Bilanz is accusative because eine Bilanz ziehen takes a direct object; the separable verb ziehen is in position two and its prefix zieht ... is not separated here because ziehen itself is the verb in the expression.
Die Bilanz nach einem Jahr ist erfreulich.
The overall result after one year is encouraging.
nach einem Jahr means after one year, and erfreulich means encouraging or pleasing. Die Bilanz is nominative because it is the subject; the preposition nach takes the dative in einem Jahr.
der Bildungsweg — educational path; education and training route
Der Bildungsweg describes the stages of a person’s education and training, often including school, vocational training, or university. It is a compound of Bildung and Weg, so its grammatical gender and plural come from Weg.
Der Bildungsweg meines Bruders war nicht geradlinig.
My brother’s educational path was not straightforward.
meines Bruders means “of my brother”, and nicht geradlinig means “not straightforward”. Der Bildungsweg is nominative because it is the subject, while the possessive phrase meines Bruders is genitive; the finite verb war stands in position two.
Viele Jugendliche wählen einen praktischen Bildungsweg.
Many young people choose a practical educational path.
Viele Jugendliche means “many young people”, wählen means “choose”, and praktisch means “practical”. Einen praktischen Bildungsweg is accusative because wählen takes a direct object, and the adjective has the ending -en after einen.
Die Beraterin hilft den Schülern bei ihrem Bildungsweg.
The adviser helps the pupils with their educational path.
Die Beraterin is “the adviser”, hilft means “helps”, and den Schülern means “the pupils”. Helfen takes a dative person, and bei also forces the dative in bei ihrem Bildungsweg; the finite verb hilft is in position two.
Die Länge des Bildungsweges hängt von den Möglichkeiten ab.
The length of the educational path depends on the opportunities.
Die Länge means “the length”, hängt ... ab means “depends”, and die Möglichkeiten means “the opportunities”. Des Bildungsweges is genitive because it specifies the length, while von den Möglichkeiten is dative after von; the separable verb abhängen splits in the main clause.
Unterschiedliche Bildungswege führen zu verschiedenen Berufen.
Different educational paths lead to different professions.
Unterschiedliche means “different”, führen zu means “lead to”, and verschiedene Berufe means “different professions”. Bildungswege is the plural nominative subject, and zu forces the dative in zu verschiedenen Berufen.
die Branche — industry, business sector
Branche usually refers to an economic or professional sector, not a physical branch of a tree. For a tree branch, use der Ast or der Zweig.
Die Branche wächst schnell.
The industry is growing quickly.
wächst schnell means is growing quickly. Die Branche is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb wächst stands in position two.
Viele Firmen verlassen die Branche.
Many companies are leaving the industry.
viele Firmen means many companies and verlassen means leave. Die Branche is accusative because it is the direct object of verlassen; the article is identical to the nominative feminine article, so the verb helps show the structure.
Er arbeitet seit zehn Jahren in der Branche.
He has worked in the industry for ten years.
seit zehn Jahren means for ten years, and arbeitet means works. In der Branche is dative because in describes a place or field of work here; the finite verb arbeitet stands in position two.
Die Zukunft der Branche ist ungewiss.
The future of the industry is uncertain.
die Zukunft means the future and ungewiss means uncertain. Der Branche is genitive because it identifies whose future is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Neue Branchen entstehen durch technische Entwicklungen.
New industries are emerging through technological developments.
neue means new, entstehen means emerge, and technische Entwicklungen means technological developments. Neue Branchen is plural nominative as the subject; durch technische Entwicklungen is accusative after durch.
der Buchhändler — bookseller, book dealer
Buchhändler is a weak masculine noun: say der Buchhändler, but den Buchhändler, dem Buchhändler and des Buchhändlers. Its plural has no ending: die Buchhändler.
Der Buchhändler empfiehlt einen Roman.
The bookseller recommends a novel.
empfiehlt means “recommends”, and einen Roman means “a novel”. Der Buchhändler is nominative because he is the subject, while einen Roman is accusative after empfehlen.
Ich frage den Buchhändler nach einem Reiseführer.
I ask the bookseller for a travel guide.
frage means “ask”, nach means “for/about”, and einem Reiseführer means “a travel guide”. Den Buchhändler is accusative, and this weak masculine noun takes -n outside the nominative; nach governs the dative in einem Reiseführer.
Ich helfe dem Buchhändler im Laden.
I help the bookseller in the shop.
helfe means “help”, im Laden means “in the shop”, and Laden means “shop”. Dem Buchhändler is dative because helfen governs the dative, and the weak noun has -n in this case.
Das Fahrrad des Buchhändlers steht vor dem Laden.
The bookseller’s bicycle is standing in front of the shop.
das Fahrrad means “the bicycle”, steht means “is standing”, and vor dem Laden means “in front of the shop”. Des Buchhändlers is genitive to show possession; this weak masculine noun takes -s in the genitive, not -n.
Buchhändler lesen viele Neuerscheinungen.
Booksellers read many new releases.
lesen means “read”, and viele Neuerscheinungen means “many new releases”. Buchhändler has no plural ending, so viele and the plural verb lesen show that it is plural.
der Büroalltag — office routine, everyday office life
This compound combines Büro (office) and Alltag (everyday life). It describes normal working routines rather than one particular task or one particular office.
Der Büroalltag beginnt um acht Uhr.
The office routine begins at eight o'clock.
beginnt means begins and um acht Uhr means at eight o'clock. Der Büroalltag is nominative because it is the subject, and beginnt is in position two.
Viele Menschen erleben den Büroalltag als stressig.
Many people experience office life as stressful.
viele Menschen means many people, erleben means experience, and stressig means stressful. den Büroalltag is accusative because erleben takes a direct object; als stressig describes how it is experienced.
Nach dem Büroalltag brauche ich Ruhe.
After the office routine, I need peace and quiet.
nach means after, brauche means need, and Ruhe means peace and quiet. dem Büroalltag is dative because nach always requires the dative; the finite verb brauche is in position two.
Die Organisation des Büroalltags kostet viel Zeit.
Organising everyday office life takes a lot of time.
die Organisation means organisation, kostet means costs or takes, and viel Zeit means a lot of time. des Büroalltags is genitive because it specifies which organisation is meant; the masculine noun takes -s.
Die Büroalltage sind nicht immer gleich.
Office routines are not always the same.
nicht immer means not always and gleich means the same. Die Büroalltage is plural nominative because it is the subject; the plural ending -e appears on Alltag.
der Büroraum — office room
The plural is Büroräume, with an umlaut and -e. This word is more specific than Büro, because it names the room rather than the workplace or company.
Der Büroraum ist heute sehr ruhig.
The office room is very quiet today.
heute means today and ruhig means quiet. Der Büroraum is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich betrete den Büroraum am Morgen.
I enter the office room in the morning.
betreten means to enter and am Morgen means in the morning. Den Büroraum is accusative because betreten takes a direct object; the finite verb betrete is in position two.
Wir arbeiten in dem Büroraum.
We work in the office room.
arbeiten means to work. In dem Büroraum is dative because in describes a fixed location here; the finite verb arbeiten stands in position two.
Die Fenster des Büroraums sind offen.
The windows of the office room are open.
die Fenster means the windows and offen means open. Des Büroraums is genitive because it identifies whose windows they are; the verb sind agrees with die Fenster, not with the genitive noun.
Die neuen Büroräume haben große Fenster.
The new office rooms have large windows.
neu means new and große Fenster means large windows. Büroräume is the nominative plural subject, so it takes die in the full noun phrase and the verb haben is plural.
die Bürozeit — office hours
Bürozeit usually means the period when an office is open or reachable, while the plural Bürozeiten is common for opening or contact hours. It does not usually mean the amount of time an employee spends doing office work.
Die Bürozeit beginnt um acht Uhr.
Office hours begin at eight o'clock.
beginnt means begins and um acht Uhr means at eight o'clock. Die Bürozeit is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb beginnt stands in position two.
Ich kenne die Bürozeit nicht.
I do not know the office hours.
kennen means to know and nicht means not. Die Bürozeit is accusative because kennen takes a direct object; the finite verb kenne is in position two.
Bitte rufen Sie mir während der Bürozeit an.
Please call me during office hours.
bitte means please and anrufen means to call. Während normally takes the genitive, so this sentence uses der Bürozeit as genitive, while mir is dative because it is the person being called; rufen stands in position two and an goes to the end.
Das Ende der Bürozeit ist um fünf Uhr.
The end of office hours is at five o'clock.
das Ende means the end and um fünf Uhr means at five o'clock. Der Bürozeit is genitive because it specifies the end of what; the verb ist agrees with das Ende.
Die Bürozeiten stehen auf der Website.
The office hours are listed on the website.
stehen means are listed or stand, and die Website means the website. Bürozeiten is the plural subject, so the verb is stehen; auf der Website is a dative location phrase.
das Callcenter — call centre
Callcenter is a compound of Call, a telephone call, and Center, a centre. German commonly uses this English-derived business word; its plural is normally unchanged.
Das Callcenter arbeitet auch am Wochenende.
The call centre also operates at the weekend.
arbeitet means operates or works, auch means also, and am Wochenende means at the weekend. Das Callcenter is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb arbeitet is in position two.
Die Firma eröffnet ein neues Callcenter.
The company is opening a new call centre.
die Firma is the company, eröffnet means opens, and neu means new. ein neues Callcenter is accusative because eröffnen takes a direct object; the neuter article remains ein, but the adjective has -es.
Viele Kunden warten im Callcenter auf eine Antwort.
Many customers are waiting in the call centre for an answer.
viele Kunden means many customers, warten means wait, and eine Antwort is an answer. im Callcenter means in dem Callcenter and is dative because it describes a fixed location; auf eine Antwort is accusative after warten auf.
Die Leitung des Callcenters ist überlastet.
The call centre’s line is overloaded.
die Leitung means the line or management, and überlastet means overloaded. des Callcenters is genitive because it identifies which line is meant; the singular noun takes -s.
Die Callcenter suchen neue Mitarbeiter.
The call centres are looking for new employees.
suchen means are looking for and neue Mitarbeiter means new employees. Callcenter is plural here even though its form does not change; die or the plural verb suchen makes this clear.
der Coiffeur — hairdresser, hairstylist
Coiffeur is a French loanword and is especially frequent in Switzerland. In much of Germany, Friseur is the usual everyday word; the feminine form is Coiffeuse.
Der Coiffeur schneidet mir die Haare.
The hairdresser is cutting my hair.
schneiden means to cut, mir means to me, and die Haare means the hair. Der Coiffeur is nominative as the subject; mir is dative for the person affected, and die Haare is accusative as the direct object.
Ich rufe den Coiffeur morgen an.
I will call the hairdresser tomorrow.
morgen means tomorrow, and anrufen means to call by telephone. den Coiffeur is accusative because anrufen takes a direct object; the separable verb has rufe in position two and an at the end.
Ich vertraue dem Coiffeur.
I trust the hairdresser.
vertrauen means to trust. dem Coiffeur is dative because vertrauen always takes a dative object, and the finite verb vertraue is in position two.
Die Schere des Coiffeurs liegt auf dem Tisch.
The hairdresser's scissors are lying on the table.
die Schere means the scissors, liegen means to lie or be lying, and auf dem Tisch means on the table. des Coiffeurs is genitive to show possession, and the finite verb liegt is in position two.
Die Coiffeure öffnen am Montag früh.
The hairdressers open early on Monday.
öffnen means to open, am Montag means on Monday, and früh means early. Coiffeure is the plural nominative subject, so it has the article die when an article is needed.
der Detektiv — detective
The plural is Detektive, with an umlaut and -e. The genitive singular is des Detektivs, with -s; unlike some masculine nouns, it does not take -n in the other cases.
Der Detektiv untersucht den Fall.
The detective investigates the case.
untersucht means investigates, and der Fall is the case. Der Detektiv is nominative because he is the subject, while den Fall is accusative because it is the direct object.
Die Polizei befragt den Detektiv.
The police question the detective.
die Polizei means the police, and befragt means questions. Den Detektiv is accusative because it is the direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Ich erzähle dem Detektiv alles.
I tell the detective everything.
erzähle means tell, and alles means everything. Dem Detektiv is dative because he is the recipient, while alles is the accusative thing being told.
Der Name des Detektivs steht auf der Karte.
The detective's name is on the card.
der Name means the name, steht means is written or stands, and die Karte is the card. Des Detektivs is genitive for possession and adds -s; auf der Karte is dative because it describes a location.
Detektive lösen schwierige Fälle.
Detectives solve difficult cases.
lösen means solve, and schwierige Fälle means difficult cases. Detektive is the plural subject, and Fälle is the accusative plural object of lösen.
dienen — to serve, to be of use; to serve as, to be used for
dienen commonly takes a dative object: jemandem dienen means to serve someone. Its perfect uses haben, and the weak-verb forms are diente and gedient.
Er dient seinem Land.
He serves his country.
seinem Land means his country. seinem Land is dative because this sense of dienen takes a dative object, and the finite verb dient stands in position two.
Sie hat viele Jahre gedient.
She served for many years.
viele Jahre means many years, and hat gedient means served. The perfect uses haben with gedient, and the participle stands at the end of the clause.
Der Arzt diente den Armen.
The doctor served the poor.
der Arzt means the doctor and den Armen means poor people. den Armen is dative because dienen requires dative here; diente is the regular simple-past form.
Dien deinem Volk ehrlich!
Serve your people honestly!
deinem Volk means your people and ehrlich means honestly. Dien is the du imperative, and deinem Volk stays dative because dienen governs the dative.
Wenn du anderen dienen würdest, wärst du zufriedener.
If you served others, you would be more satisfied.
anderen means other people and zufriedener means more satisfied. In the wenn clause, dienen würdest goes to the end; anderen is dative because of dienen.
Sie wird der Gemeinschaft dienen.
She will serve the community.
der Gemeinschaft means the community. wird is the finite future auxiliary in position two, while dienen goes to the end; der Gemeinschaft is dative because of the verb.
Dieses Werkzeug dient zum Öffnen von Flaschen.
This tool is used for opening bottles.
dieses Werkzeug means this tool, zum Öffnen means for opening, and Flaschen means bottles. The verb dient stands in position two; zu in zum introduces the purpose, while Öffnen is a noun-like infinitive.
Das Zimmer dient als Büro.
The room serves as an office.
das Zimmer means the room and als Büro means as an office. dient is in position two, and als introduces the role or function of the subject; this use does not take a dative person.
die Dienstleistung — service, service provided
A Dienstleistung is something done for someone rather than a physical product. The compound contains Dienst, service or duty, and Leistung, performance or service; it is often used in business and administration.
Die Dienstleistung ist sehr zuverlässig.
The service is very reliable.
zuverlässig means reliable. Die Dienstleistung is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Ich bezahle die Dienstleistung heute.
I am paying for the service today.
bezahle means pay, and heute means today. die Dienstleistung is accusative because bezahlen takes a direct object; the finite verb bezahle is in position two.
Wir vertrauen der Dienstleistung dieses Unternehmens.
We trust this company's service.
vertrauen means trust, and dieses Unternehmen means this company. der Dienstleistung is dative because vertrauen governs the dative; dieses Unternehmens is a genitive phrase meaning of this company.
Die Qualität der Dienstleistung hat sich verbessert.
The quality of the service has improved.
die Qualität means the quality, and sich verbessert means has improved. der Dienstleistung is genitive because it specifies whose quality; in the perfect, hat comes early and verbessert goes to the end.
Viele Dienstleistungen kann man online buchen.
Many services can be booked online.
viele means many, online means online, and buchen means book. Viele Dienstleistungen is accusative because it is the object of buchen; kann is in position two and the infinitive buchen goes to the end.
Die Firma bietet eine neue Dienstleistung an.
The company offers a new service.
die Firma means the company, bietet ... an means offers, and neu means new. eine neue Dienstleistung is accusative after anbieten, and the separable verb places bietet in position two and an at the end.
die Dienstreise — business trip
Dienstreise is a compound of Dienst, work or official duty, and Reise, trip. The common fixed phrase is auf Dienstreise sein; unlike a holiday, it specifically involves work.
Die Dienstreise beginnt morgen.
The business trip begins tomorrow.
beginnt means begins, and morgen means tomorrow. Die Dienstreise is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb beginnt stands in position two.
Ich plane die Dienstreise sorgfältig.
I am planning the business trip carefully.
plane means plan, and sorgfältig means carefully. die Dienstreise is accusative because planen takes a direct object; the finite verb plane is in position two.
Auf der Dienstreise treffe ich wichtige Kunden.
On the business trip I meet important customers.
treffe means meet, wichtig means important, and Kunden means customers. auf der Dienstreise is dative because auf describes a location or situation here, not movement toward a place; the verb treffe follows the initial phrase in position two.
Die Dauer der Dienstreise ist noch unklar.
The duration of the business trip is still unclear.
die Dauer means the duration, and noch unklar means still unclear. der Dienstreise is genitive because it specifies the duration of what; the feminine noun itself does not change, but the article changes to der.
Im Jahr mache ich mehrere Dienstreisen.
I go on several business trips a year.
im Jahr means per year, mehrere means several, and mache means make or do. mehrere Dienstreisen is accusative because it is the object of machen; the plural adds -n.
Nächste Woche fährt sie auf Dienstreise.
Next week she is going on a business trip.
nächste Woche means next week, and fährt means travels or goes by vehicle. auf Dienstreise is a fixed expression meaning on a business trip, normally without an article; fährt is in position two.
die Dokumentation — documentation; documentary; documentary
The word can mean written or digital documentation, but it can also mean a documentary film or television programme. The plural is Dokumentationen, not an English-style form.
Die Dokumentation erklärt den Klimawandel.
The documentation explains climate change.
erklärt means explains, and der Klimawandel means climate change. Die Dokumentation is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb erklärt stands in position two.
Ich lese die Dokumentation vor dem Kurs.
I read the documentation before the course.
lese means read, vor dem Kurs means before the course, and Kurs is a class or course. Die Dokumentation is accusative because lesen takes a direct object; vor takes the dative here because it describes time, not movement.
Wir arbeiten mit der Dokumentation.
We work with the documentation.
arbeiten means work, and mit means with. Der Dokumentation is dative because mit always governs the dative; the finite verb arbeiten is in position two.
Die Qualität der Dokumentation ist sehr gut.
The quality of the documentation is very good.
die Qualität means quality, and sehr gut means very good. Der Dokumentation is genitive because it identifies whose quality is meant; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Die Firma veröffentlicht neue Dokumentationen.
The company publishes new documents.
die Firma means company, veröffentlicht means publishes, and neue means new. Dokumentationen is plural and accusative because veröffentlichen takes a direct object; the plural article is die.
Am Abend sehe ich eine Dokumentation über Wölfe.
In the evening I watch a documentary about wolves.
am Abend means in the evening, sehe ich means I watch, and über Wölfe means about wolves. Eine Dokumentation is accusative because sehen takes a direct object; über takes the accusative here because it introduces the topic.
Die Dokumentation über das Meer war beeindruckend.
The documentary about the sea was impressive.
über das Meer means about the sea, and beeindruckend means impressive. Die Dokumentation is nominative as the subject of war; the past-tense verb stays in position two.
effektiv — effective, efficient
Effektiv describes something that achieves its goal; with people or work, it can also mean efficient. The comparison is regular: effektiver, am effektivsten.
Die Methode ist sehr effektiv.
The method is very effective.
die Methode means the method, and sehr means very. Effektiv is predicative after sein, so it has no adjective ending; ist is in position two.
Wir brauchen eine effektive Lösung.
We need an effective solution.
brauchen means to need, and die Lösung means the solution. Eine effektive Lösung is accusative because brauchen takes a direct object; the feminine adjective takes -e after eine.
Diese Strategie ist effektiver als die alte.
This strategy is more effective than the old one.
diese Strategie means this strategy, die alte means the old one, and Strategie means strategy. Effektiver compares two strategies with als and is predicative after sein, so it has no adjective ending.
Von allen Vorschlägen ist dieser am effektivsten.
Of all the suggestions, this one is the most effective.
alle Vorschläge means all the suggestions, and dieser means this one. Von allen Vorschlägen is dative after von; am effektivsten is the predicative superlative and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Das Team arbeitet mit einem effektiven Plan.
The team is working with an effective plan.
das Team means the team, arbeiten means to work, and der Plan means the plan. Mit forces the dative, so einem effektiven Plan is dative and the adjective takes -en.
das Ehrenamt — voluntary position, voluntary work
Ehrenamt can mean either the unpaid position itself or the voluntary work connected with it. The related adjective ehrenamtlich means voluntary or unpaid.
Das Ehrenamt macht ihr viel Freude.
The voluntary work gives her a lot of pleasure.
Freude means pleasure or joy, and viel means a lot of. Das Ehrenamt is nominative because it is the subject, while ihr is dative because Freude machen gives a feeling to someone; macht is in position two.
Sie übernimmt das Ehrenamt im Sportverein.
She takes on the voluntary position at the sports club.
sie means she, übernehmen means to take on, and der Sportverein means sports club. Das Ehrenamt is accusative because übernehmen takes a direct object; the finite verb übernimmt stands in position two.
Er hilft dem Ehrenamt mit seiner Erfahrung.
He helps the voluntary work with his experience.
helfen means to help and Erfahrung means experience. Dem Ehrenamt is dative because helfen always takes a dative object, and mit also forces dative in mit seiner Erfahrung.
Die Wirkung des Ehrenamts ist deutlich.
The effect of voluntary work is clear.
die Wirkung means the effect and deutlich means clear or noticeable. Des Ehrenamts is genitive because it identifies the effect's source; the finite verb ist stands in position two.
Viele Ehrenämter brauchen regelmäßige Zeit.
Many voluntary positions require regular time.
viele means many, brauchen means need or require, and regelmäßig means regular. Ehrenämter is the plural subject, so it has no plural article ending beyond viele; brauchen stands in position two.
einführen — to introduce; to bring into use; to import
This sense is used for putting something new into practical use; it is not normally used for simply presenting a person. einführen – führte ein – hat eingeführt is a separable weak verb and takes an accusative object.
Die Firma führt ein neues Bezahlsystem ein.
The company is introducing a new payment system.
die Firma means the company, neu means new, and das Bezahlsystem is the payment system. einführen takes an accusative object, so ein neues Bezahlsystem is accusative; the finite part führt is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Die Stadt hat das Parkticket per App eingeführt.
The city introduced parking tickets via an app.
die Stadt means the city, das Parkticket is a parking ticket, and per App means via an app. The perfect uses hat plus eingeführt because this verb takes haben; the Partizip II stands at the end and das Parkticket is accusative.
Der Hersteller führte das Modell 2024 ein.
The manufacturer introduced the model in 2024.
der Hersteller is the manufacturer, das Modell is the model, and 2024 gives the year. The weak past form is führte; its separable prefix ein goes to the end, while das Modell is the accusative object.
Führ das neue Verfahren vorsichtig ein!
Introduce the new procedure carefully!
das neue Verfahren means the new procedure, and vorsichtig means carefully. The singular imperative is führ ... ein; the accusative object follows the verb, and the prefix must be placed at the end.
Ich würde diese Regel nicht einführen.
I would not introduce this rule.
diese Regel means this rule, and nicht means not. The infinitive einführen stays together after würde; diese Regel is accusative because einführen takes an accusative object.
Das Ministerium wird die Änderung morgen einführen.
The ministry will introduce the change tomorrow.
das Ministerium means the ministry, die Änderung is the change, and morgen means tomorrow. Future tense uses wird plus the infinitive einführen at the end; die Änderung is accusative.
Deutschland führt viel Kaffee ein.
Germany imports a lot of coffee.
Deutschland is Germany, and viel Kaffee means a lot of coffee. The finite part führt is in position two and ein is separated to the end; viel Kaffee is an accusative object, although this mass noun has no article.
Die Firma darf kein Fleisch aus dem Ausland einführen.
The company is not allowed to import meat from abroad.
die Firma means the company, kein Fleisch means no meat, and das Ausland means abroad or a foreign country. After the modal verb darf, the infinitive einführen goes to the end and stays together; kein Fleisch is accusative.
die Einführung — introduction; implementation; introduction to a subject
The noun can mean introducing something into use or giving basic information about a topic. It is formed from einführen and is feminine: die Einführung.
Die Einführung des neuen Systems dauert zwei Monate.
The introduction of the new system takes two months.
das neue System means the new system, and dauern means to last or take time. Die Einführung is the nominative subject; des neuen Systems is genitive because it identifies what is being introduced, and the finite verb dauert is in position two.
Wir planen die Einführung eines digitalen Tickets.
We are planning the introduction of a digital ticket.
planen means to plan, eines digitalen Tickets means of a digital ticket, and digital means digital. die Einführung is accusative because it is the object of planen; the following eines digitalen Tickets is genitive and specifies the introduction.
Nach der Einführung gab es weniger Fehler.
After the introduction, there were fewer mistakes.
nach means after, weniger means fewer, and der Fehler means the mistake. nach always takes the dative, so der Einführung is dative; gab es is the verb phrase meaning there were, and the sentence subject comes after it.
Mit der Einführung der Einführung?
With the introduction of the new software, the work became easier.
die neue Software means the new software, and leichter means easier. This example would be unnatural with the headword repeated, so the genitive phrase is der neuen Software: mit takes the dative in mit der Einführung, while der neuen Software is genitive.
Viele Einführungen finden online statt.
Many introductions take place online.
viele means many, online means online, and stattfinden means to take place. Einführungen is the plural with -en; after the plural subject, the finite verb finden is in position two.
Die Dozentin gibt eine kurze Einführung in das Thema.
The lecturer gives a brief introduction to the topic.
die Dozentin is the female lecturer, kurz means brief, and das Thema means the topic. eine kurze Einführung is the accusative object of gibt; in das Thema is an introduction to a topic, with in taking the accusative here because the phrase points into a subject area.
Am Anfang steht eine Einführung in die wichtigsten Begriffe.
At the beginning there is an introduction to the most important terms.
am Anfang means at the beginning, wichtigsten means most important, and der Begriff means the term. eine Einführung is the nominative subject after steht; in die wichtigsten Begriffe uses accusative in in the fixed expression meaning an introduction to a subject.
das Einkommen — income
Das Einkommen is the money received regularly, especially from employment; it is not the same as der Lohn, which usually means wages or pay for work. The plural Einkommen can refer to the incomes of different people or households.
Das Einkommen der Familie ist gestiegen.
The family's income has increased.
die Familie means the family, and gestiegen means increased or risen. Das Einkommen is nominative because it is the subject; der Familie is genitive because it shows whose income is meant.
Die Steuer senkt das Einkommen.
The tax reduces the income.
die Steuer means the tax, and senkt means reduces. Das Einkommen is accusative because senken takes a direct object; with a neuter noun, nominative and accusative articles are both das.
Mit dem Einkommen kann sie die Miete bezahlen.
With the income, she can pay the rent.
mit means with, kann means can, die Miete means the rent, and bezahlen means pay. Dem Einkommen is dative because mit always takes the dative; after the modal kann, the infinitive bezahlen goes to the end.
Die Höhe des Einkommens entscheidet über den Kredit.
The amount of the income determines the loan.
die Höhe means the amount or level, entscheidet means determines, and der Kredit means the loan. Des Einkommens is genitive because it specifies the amount of what, while den Kredit is accusative after über in this meaning.
Viele Einkommen stammen aus verschiedenen Quellen.
Many incomes come from different sources.
viele means many, stammen aus means come from, and verschiedene Quellen means different sources. The plural Einkommen is unchanged, and aus verschiedenen Quellen is a dative phrase because aus takes the dative.
Ein regelmäßiges Einkommen gibt finanzielle Sicherheit.
A regular income provides financial security.
regelmäßig means regular, gibt means gives or provides, and finanzielle Sicherheit means financial security. Ein regelmäßiges Einkommen is nominative because it is the subject, and the finite verb gibt stands in position two.
einreichen — to submit, to hand in
Einreichen is common for submitting official documents, applications and forms. It is separable: einreichen becomes reicht ein in a main clause, but stays together after a modal verb or in a subordinate clause.
Ich reiche den Antrag heute ein.
I am submitting the application today.
der Antrag means the application, and heute means today. Den Antrag is accusative because it is the document being submitted; the finite verb reiche is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Sie hat die Unterlagen online eingereicht.
She submitted the documents online.
die Unterlagen means the documents, and online means online. Die Unterlagen is accusative as the object of einreichen; eingereicht is the Partizip II and stands at the end with hat.
Er reichte den Vertrag fristgerecht ein.
He submitted the contract on time.
der Vertrag means the contract, and fristgerecht means by the deadline. Den Vertrag is accusative because it is submitted; reichte is in position two and ein is separated to the end.
Reich das Formular bitte ein!
Please submit the form!
das Formular means the form, and bitte means please. This is the informal singular imperative; das Formular is accusative, and the prefix ein goes at the end.
Ich würde die Rechnung morgen einreichen.
I would submit the invoice tomorrow.
die Rechnung means the invoice, and morgen means tomorrow. Die Rechnung is accusative as the submitted document; in the Konjunktiv II, würde is in position two and the complete infinitive einreichen goes to the end.
Wir werden den Bericht bis Freitag einreichen.
We will submit the report by Friday.
der Bericht means the report, and bis Freitag means by Friday. Den Bericht is accusative because it is submitted; werden is in position two and einreichen goes to the end.
einrücken — to move in, move forward, move into position; to indent
This verb is often used for troops, trains, or groups moving into a place or position. For movement into a destination, in takes the accusative; the perfect normally uses sein.
Die Soldaten rücken am Morgen in die Stadt ein.
The soldiers move into the city in the morning.
die Soldaten are the soldiers, am Morgen means in the morning, and die Stadt is the city. In die Stadt takes the accusative because it expresses movement into a place; rücken is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Die Soldaten sind in die Stadt eingerückt.
The soldiers moved into the city.
die Soldaten are the soldiers, and in die Stadt means into the city. Movement uses sein in the perfect, and the Partizip II eingerückt goes to the end; in die Stadt is accusative because it shows a destination.
Die Armee rückte gestern in das Dorf ein.
The army moved into the village yesterday.
die Armee means the army, gestern means yesterday, and das Dorf is the village. In das Dorf is accusative because the army moves into it; the past form rückte is in position two and ein is separated.
Rück in die Reihe ein!
Move into the line!
die Reihe means the line or row. In die Reihe is accusative because it expresses movement into the line; the du imperative has no subject pronoun, and ein stands at the end.
Wenn der Zug pünktlich wäre, rückte er jetzt ein.
If the train were on time, it would move in now.
der Zug is the train, pünktlich means on time, and jetzt means now. In the wenn clause, the finite verb wäre goes to the end; in the result clause, rückte is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Der Zug wird um acht Uhr einrücken.
The train will move in at eight o’clock.
der Zug is the train, and um acht Uhr means at eight o’clock. Wird stands in position two and the infinitive einrücken stays whole at the end, because separable prefixes do not split in the infinitive.
Bitte rücken Sie die erste Zeile ein.
Please indent the first line.
bitte means please, die erste Zeile is the first line, and Sie is the formal you. Die erste Zeile is accusative as the object; in the polite imperative, rücken is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Der Text wurde automatisch eingerückt.
The text was indented automatically.
der Text means the text, and automatisch means automatically. This is a passive sentence: wurde is in position two and eingerückt goes to the end; the text is the grammatical subject, not the person doing the action.
einsenden — to submit; to send in
Einsenden is a separable verb used especially for forms, applications, and documents. It takes an accusative object and forms the perfect with haben; eingesandt and eingesendet are both used, with eingesandt traditional and common in formal writing.
Er sendet den Antrag heute ein.
He is submitting the application today.
der Antrag means the application, and heute means today. Den Antrag is accusative because einsenden takes a direct object; the finite part sendet is in position two and ein goes to the end.
Wir haben alle Formulare eingesandt.
We have submitted all the forms.
alle Formulare means all the forms. The perfect uses haben and the Partizip II eingesandt at the end; the plural object is accusative because it is what was submitted.
Sie sandte die Unterlagen gestern ein.
She sent in the documents yesterday.
die Unterlagen means the documents, and gestern means yesterday. Sandte is the simple-past form of senden; because the verb is separable, ein stands at the end and the document phrase is accusative.
Sende das Formular bis Freitag ein.
Submit the form by Friday.
das Formular means the form, and bis Freitag means by Friday. This is the du imperative, with the prefix ein at the end; the direct object das Formular is accusative.
Du würdest die Bewerbung noch heute einsenden.
You would submit the application today.
die Bewerbung means the application, and noch heute means today or still today. Würdest ... einsenden expresses a hypothetical action; after würdest, the infinitive is one word at the end.
Die Firma wird die Bestätigung per E-Mail einsenden.
The company will send the confirmation by email.
die Firma means the company, die Bestätigung means the confirmation, and per E-Mail means by email. Wird ... einsenden forms the future; wird is in position two and the infinitive goes to the end, with die Bestätigung as accusative object.
die Einweisung — instruction, briefing; hospital referral
In everyday or workplace contexts, Einweisung usually means instruction on how to use something. In medical language, eine Einweisung ins Krankenhaus means a referral or admission order to hospital.
Die Einweisung in das Gerät dauert eine Stunde.
The briefing on the device takes an hour.
das Gerät means the device, and dauert eine Stunde means takes an hour. die Einweisung is nominative because it is the subject; the preposition in takes the accusative here because in das Gerät expresses the topic or direction of the explanation.
Der Techniker gibt mir eine Einweisung.
The technician gives me an explanation of how to use it.
der Techniker means the technician, gibt means gives, and mir means to me. eine Einweisung is accusative because it is the thing given, while mir is dative because it is the recipient; the finite verb gibt stands in position two.
Nach der Einweisung kann ich das Gerät sicher bedienen.
After the briefing, I can operate the device safely.
nach means after, sicher means safely, and bedienen means operate. nach always takes the dative, so der Einweisung is dative; kann stands in position two and bedienen goes to the end because it is the infinitive with a modal verb.
Die Dauer der Einweisung hängt vom Gerät ab.
The length of the briefing depends on the device.
die Dauer means the length, hängt ... ab means depends, and vom Gerät means on the device. der Einweisung is genitive because it specifies the briefing's length; the separable verb abhängen splits in the main clause, with ab at the end.
Neue Mitarbeiter erhalten kurze Einweisungen.
New employees receive short briefings.
neue Mitarbeiter means new employees, erhalten means receive, and kurze means short. Einweisungen is plural and accusative because it is the object of erhalten; the plural ending is -en.
der Einzelunternehmer — sole proprietor, sole trader
This is a business term for someone running a business alone. The plural is also Einzelunternehmer, while the genitive singular is Einzelunternehmers.
Der Einzelunternehmer arbeitet von zu Hause aus.
The sole proprietor works from home.
von zu Hause aus means from home, and arbeitet means works. Der Einzelunternehmer is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb arbeitet stands in position two.
Die Bank berät den Einzelunternehmer.
The bank advises the sole proprietor.
die Bank is the bank, and berät means advises. Den Einzelunternehmer is accusative because beraten takes a direct object; the masculine article changes from der to den.
Die Steuerberaterin hilft dem Einzelunternehmer.
The tax adviser helps the sole proprietor.
die Steuerberaterin is the female tax adviser, and hilft means helps. Dem Einzelunternehmer is dative because helfen always takes a dative object; the noun itself does not add -n here.
Das Büro des Einzelunternehmers liegt im Zentrum.
The sole proprietor's office is in the city centre.
das Büro is the office, liegt means is located, and im Zentrum means in the city centre. Des Einzelunternehmers is genitive because it shows whose office it is; masculine and neuter genitives use des and usually add -s or -es.
Viele Einzelunternehmer nutzen digitale Rechnungen.
Many sole proprietors use digital invoices.
viele means many, nutzen means use, and digitale Rechnungen are digital invoices. Einzelunternehmer is unchanged in the plural; viele Einzelunternehmer is nominative because it is the subject.
entlassen — to dismiss; to release; to discharge
entlassen can mean dismissing an employee, releasing a prisoner, or discharging a patient. It is a strong verb: entlassen – entließ – hat entlassen; the person released is normally in the accusative.
Die Firma entlässt mehrere Mitarbeiter.
The company is dismissing several employees.
die Firma means the company and mehrere Mitarbeiter means several employees. Mitarbeiter is accusative because entlassen takes the person being dismissed as a direct object, and the finite verb entlässt stands in position two.
Das Krankenhaus hat ihn gestern entlassen.
The hospital discharged him yesterday.
das Krankenhaus means the hospital, ihn means him, and gestern means yesterday. Ihn is accusative as the direct object; the perfect uses hat plus entlassen, with the participle at the end and no ge- after inseparable ent-.
Der Chef entließ ihn sofort.
The boss dismissed him immediately.
der Chef means the boss, ihn means him, and sofort means immediately. Ihn is accusative because it is the person affected, while the strong-verb past form entließ stays in position two.
Entlass den Mitarbeiter nicht!
Do not dismiss the employee!
den Mitarbeiter means the employee, and nicht means not. The informal imperative entlass has no written du; the employee is accusative because it is the direct object.
Wenn er pünktlich wäre, entließe er ihn nicht.
If he were punctual, he would not dismiss him.
pünktlich means punctual, wäre means were, nicht means not, and ihn means him. In the wenn clause the finite verb wäre goes to the end; ihn is accusative, and entließe expresses an unreal or hypothetical result.
Die Ärztin wird ihn morgen entlassen.
The doctor will discharge him tomorrow.
die Ärztin means the female doctor, ihn means him, and morgen means tomorrow. Future uses wird in position two and the infinitive entlassen at the end; ihn is accusative as the person being discharged.
die Entlassung — dismissal; release; discharge; release; discharge
The most common meaning is a job dismissal; in hospitals and prisons, Entlassung can also mean discharge or release. Do not confuse die Entlassung with die Kündigung: Kündigung is the notice or termination, while Entlassung focuses on the employer dismissing someone.
Die Entlassung war für ihn ein Schock.
The dismissal was a shock for him.
der Schock means the shock, and für ihn means for him. Die Entlassung is nominative because it is the subject; the finite verb war stands in position two.
Er fürchtet die Entlassung.
He fears dismissal.
er means he and fürchtet means fears. Die Entlassung is accusative because fürchten takes a direct object, while the finite verb fürchtet is in position two.
Nach der Entlassung suchte sie eine neue Arbeit.
After the dismissal, she looked for a new job.
nach means after, suchte means looked for, and eine neue Arbeit means a new job. Nach takes the dative, so the feminine article is der; the finite verb suchte remains in position two.
Die Folgen der Entlassung waren schwer.
The consequences of the dismissal were serious.
die Folgen means the consequences and schwer means serious or severe. Der Entlassung is genitive because it identifies whose consequences they are; the plural subject die Folgen puts waren in position two.
Viele Entlassungen belasten die Belegschaft.
Many dismissals put a strain on the workforce.
viele means many, belasten means put a strain on, and die Belegschaft means the workforce. Entlassungen is plural and nominative here because it is the subject; the plural verb belasten stands in position two.
Nach der Entlassung durfte sie wieder nach Hause.
After her discharge, she was allowed to go home again.
durfte means was allowed to, wieder means again, and nach Hause means home. Nach takes the dative, giving der Entlassung; the modal construction places the infinitive gehen at the end, although it is omitted here in the fixed phrase nach Hause.
Die Entlassung des Gefangenen wurde bestätigt.
The prisoner's release was confirmed.
der Gefangene means the prisoner, bestätigt means confirmed, and wurde means was. Des Gefangenen is genitive to show whose release it was; the passive verb phrase wurde bestätigt comes after the subject.
entwickeln — to develop, to create or improve; to develop, to evolve
For creating or improving something, entwickeln takes an accusative object. The reflexive form sich entwickeln means “to develop” or “to evolve” without a direct object.
Das Team entwickelt eine neue App.
The team is developing a new app.
das Team means the team, and eine neue App means a new app. eine neue App is accusative because entwickeln takes a direct object, and the finite verb entwickelt stands in position two.
Die Firma hat ein umweltfreundliches Produkt entwickelt.
The company has developed an environmentally friendly product.
die Firma means the company, and umweltfreundlich means environmentally friendly. ein umweltfreundliches Produkt is accusative as the object of entwickeln; hat is in position two and entwickelt goes to the end.
Die Ingenieurin entwickelte eine sichere Lösung.
The engineer developed a safe solution.
die Ingenieurin means the female engineer, and eine sichere Lösung means a safe solution. The object is accusative because of entwickeln, and the regular past ending -te appears in entwickelte.
Entwickle bitte einen klaren Plan!
Please develop a clear plan!
bitte means please, and ein klarer Plan means a clear plan. einen klaren Plan is accusative because it is the object of the command; the du subject is omitted in the imperative.
Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, entwickelte ich das Projekt weiter.
If I had more time, I would develop the project further.
wenn means if, mehr Zeit means more time, and weiter means further. The verb hätte comes at the end of the conditional clause, while entwickelte is the Konjunktiv II form in the main clause and stands in position two.
Wir werden gemeinsam eine bessere Lösung entwickeln.
We will develop a better solution together.
gemeinsam means together, and eine bessere Lösung means a better solution. werden is in position two and the infinitive entwickeln goes to the end; the solution is accusative because it is the direct object.
Das Kind entwickelt sich sehr gut.
The child is developing very well.
das Kind means the child, and sehr gut means very well. sich is the reflexive pronoun referring back to das Kind; the finite verb entwickelt stands in position two.
Die Stadt hat sich in den letzten Jahren stark entwickelt.
The city has changed and developed greatly in recent years.
die Stadt means the city, in den letzten Jahren means in recent years, and stark means greatly. The reflexive pronoun sich belongs with entwickeln; hat comes in position two and the Partizip II entwickelt goes at the end.
der Entwurf — draft, design, preliminary plan
der Entwurf is a preliminary version, not necessarily the final work. Its plural is irregular in spelling: Entwürfe has an umlaut.
Der Entwurf liegt auf dem Tisch.
The draft is on the table.
liegt means is lying, and auf dem Tisch means on the table. Der Entwurf is nominative because it is the subject; auf takes the dative here because it describes a fixed location, not movement.
Ich lese den Entwurf heute Abend.
I am reading the draft this evening.
heute Abend means this evening, and lesen means to read. den Entwurf is accusative because it is the direct object of lesen; the finite verb lese is in position two.
Wir sprechen über dem Entwurf.
We are talking about the draft.
sprechen über means to talk about. In careful standard German, über meaning “about” takes the accusative, so the correct sentence is Wir sprechen über den Entwurf, not über dem Entwurf; dem would be dative and is a common learner error.
Die Farben des Entwurfs gefallen mir.
I like the colours of the design.
die Farben means the colours, and gefallen means are pleasing to. des Entwurfs is genitive and means “of the design”; mir is dative because gefallen identifies the person who likes something.
Die Architektin zeigt uns drei Entwürfe.
The architect shows us three designs.
die Architektin means the female architect, zeigt means shows, and uns means us. Entwürfe is plural accusative as the thing shown, while uns is dative as the people receiving the information.
erfahren — experienced; skilled
This adjective describes practical knowledge gained through experience, not simply general intelligence. It is often confused with the verb erfahren, which means to experience or to find out.
Die Ärztin ist sehr erfahren.
The doctor is very experienced.
die Ärztin means the female doctor and sehr means very. erfahren is predicative after ist, so it has no adjective ending; the finite verb ist is in position two.
Ein erfahrener Koch arbeitet in diesem Restaurant.
An experienced cook works in this restaurant.
ein Koch means a male cook, arbeitet means works, and diesem Restaurant means this restaurant. erfahrener stands before the masculine nominative noun Koch and takes -er after the indefinite article ein.
Meine Schwester ist erfahrener als ich.
My sister is more experienced than I am.
meine Schwester means my sister and als ich means than I am. The comparative erfahrener is predicative and therefore has no ending; als introduces the comparison.
Wer ist am erfahrensten?
Who is the most experienced?
wer means who. am erfahrensten is the predicative superlative, formed with am and -sten, and the finite verb ist stands in position two.
erfolgreich — successful
Erfolgreich describes a person, action or project that achieves a good result. The opposite is erfolglos, meaning unsuccessful.
Der Versuch war erfolgreich.
The attempt was successful.
der Versuch means the attempt, and sein means to be. Erfolgreich is predicative after war and therefore has no adjective ending; war is the finite verb in position two.
Sie startete ein erfolgreiches Unternehmen.
She started a successful company.
starten means start, and das Unternehmen means company or business. Erfolgreiches stands before the neuter accusative noun Unternehmen and takes -es after ein; startete is in position two.
Dieser Film war erfolgreicher als der erste.
This film was more successful than the first one.
dieser Film means this film, als means than, and der erste means the first one. Erfolgreicher compares two things and is predicative after war, so it has no adjective ending.
Von allen Teams war unser Team am erfolgreichsten.
Of all the teams, our team was the most successful.
von allen Teams means of all the teams, and unser Team means our team. Am erfolgreichsten is the predicative superlative; am is used with the superlative when no noun follows.
erstellen — to create, to prepare, to produce
erstellen is common in work, administration, and digital contexts for producing an organized document or result. It takes an accusative object, such as einen Bericht or eine Liste.
Die Mitarbeiterin erstellt einen Bericht.
The employee is preparing a report.
die Mitarbeiterin means the female employee and einen Bericht means a report. einen Bericht is accusative because erstellen takes a direct object; the finite verb erstellt stands in position two.
Die Mitarbeiterin hat einen Bericht erstellt.
The employee prepared a report.
die Mitarbeiterin means the female employee and einen Bericht means a report. einen Bericht is accusative as the direct object; hat is in position two and the Partizip II erstellt goes to the end.
Das Team erstellte einen neuen Plan.
The team prepared a new plan.
das Team means the team, neu means new, and der Plan means the plan. einen neuen Plan is accusative after erstellen; erstellte is the regular Präteritum form with -te.
Erstelle bitte eine Liste.
Please make a list.
bitte means please and eine Liste means a list. eine Liste is accusative because it is the object being created; the imperative erstelle stands at the beginning.
Ich würde gern einen neuen Plan erstellen.
I would like to prepare a new plan.
gern means gladly or would like to, neu means new, and der Plan means the plan. einen neuen Plan is accusative; after würde, the infinitive erstellen stands at the end.
Morgen werden wir den Bericht erstellen.
Tomorrow we will prepare the report.
morgen means tomorrow and der Bericht means the report. den Bericht is accusative as the direct object; werden is in position two and the infinitive erstellen goes to the end.
eröffnen — to open officially, to inaugurate
Eröffnen is more official than aufmachen and is used for accounts, businesses, exhibitions, ceremonies, and institutions. Its prefix er- is inseparable, so the Partizip II is eröffnet, not geeröffnet.
Die Bank eröffnet heute eine neue Filiale.
The bank is opening a new branch today.
Die Bank means the bank, heute means today, eine neue Filiale means a new branch, and Filiale means branch office. Eine neue Filiale is accusative because eröffnen takes a direct object; the finite verb eröffnet stands in position two, and the prefix er- does not separate.
Wir haben gestern ein Konto eröffnet.
We opened an account yesterday.
gestern means yesterday, and ein Konto means an account. Ein Konto is accusative as the direct object; the perfect uses haben, and the inseparable-prefix verb has the Partizip II eröffnet, without ge-, at the end.
Der Bürgermeister eröffnete die Ausstellung.
The mayor opened the exhibition.
Der Bürgermeister means the mayor, die Ausstellung means the exhibition, and Ausstellung means exhibition. Die Ausstellung is accusative after eröffnen, and the regular Präteritum eröffnete is suitable for a formal report.
Eröffne bitte das Konto morgen!
Please open the account tomorrow!
bitte means please, das Konto means the account, and morgen means tomorrow. The form eröffne is an informal singular imperative; das Konto is accusative, and the prefix er- remains attached.
Wenn ich eine Firma eröffnete, würde ich viele Menschen einstellen.
If I opened a company, I would employ many people.
Wenn means if, eine Firma means a company, viele Menschen means many people, and einstellen means employ or hire. Eröffnete is the Konjunktiv II form of this weak verb and expresses an unreal idea; after wenn, the finite verb goes to the end, while eine Firma is accusative.
Die Stadt wird im Mai ein neues Museum eröffnen.
The city will open a new museum in May.
Die Stadt means the city, im Mai means in May, and ein neues Museum means a new museum. Ein neues Museum is accusative as the object; wird stands in position two and the infinitive eröffnen goes to the end, still with its prefix attached.