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German Student Dictionary — Part 37
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: hinzufügen – Honig.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
hinzufügen — to add
Separable verb: hinzu- + fügen. Present tense: ich füge hinzu, du fügst hinzu, er/sie fügt hinzu, wir fügen hinzu.
Wir werden für unseren Gast noch einen Platz am Tisch hinzufügen.
We'll add a place setting at the table for our guest.
der Gast, ä-e = guest · der Platz, ä-e = place/seat · der Tisch, -e = table. The dictionary's own example, unchanged. Separable verb — "hinzufügen" splits, with "hinzu" moving to the end of the clause.
Kannst du bitte deinen Namen zur Liste hinzufügen?
Can you please add your name to the list?
der Name, -n (weak noun) = name · die Liste, -n = list. Modal "kannst" pushes "hinzufügen" to the very end of the question.
der Hirte — shepherd
A weak noun: der Hirte, -n — adds "-n" in every case except Nominativ singular (den/dem/des Hirten). Feminine: die Hirtin, plural die Hirtinnen.
Nom Der Hirte hütet die Schafe.
The shepherd watches the sheep.
hüten = to watch over/tend · das Schaf, -e = sheep. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ; weak nouns never add "-n" here. Hirte is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Der Hund begleitet den Hirten auf die Weide.
The dog accompanies the shepherd to the pasture.
begleiten = to accompany · die Weide, -n = pasture. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den) — and Hirte adds "-n" too, since it's a weak noun. Hirte is the direct object.
Dat Die Schafe folgen dem Hirten überallhin.
The sheep follow the shepherd everywhere.
folgen = to follow (+ Dativ) · überallhin = everywhere. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem); Hirten keeps the weak "-n".
Nom Ein Hirte lebt oft allein in den Bergen.
A shepherd often lives alone in the mountains.
allein = alone · der Berg, -e = mountain. "Ein" — no ending, and no weak "-n" either: weak nouns never add "-n" in Nominativ singular.
Akk Wir treffen einen Hirten auf unserer Wanderung.
We meet a shepherd on our hike.
treffen = to meet · die Wanderung, -en = hike. "Einen" — maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen), mirroring der → den. Hirte adds "-n" (weak noun) → Hirten.
Dat Der Bauer spricht mit den Hirten des Dorfes.
The farmer speaks with the shepherds of the village.
der Bauer, -n = farmer · das Dorf, ö-er = village. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" and Hirten already ends in "-n" as a weak noun, so it looks identical to the singular Dativ/Akkusativ form.
die Hitze — heat
Hitze has no natural plural — it's an abstract, uncountable noun for a temperature/feeling, like Kälte or Wärme — so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills.
Nom Die Hitze ist heute unerträglich.
The heat is unbearable today.
unerträglich = unbearable. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hitze is the subject.
Akk Spürst du die Hitze des Feuers?
Do you feel the heat of the fire?
spüren = to feel · das Feuer, - = fire. "Die" because feminin Akkusativ (die → die). Hitze is the direct object. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Die Pflanzen leiden unter der Hitze.
The plants suffer from the heat.
leiden unter = to suffer from (+ Dativ) · die Pflanze, -n = plant. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
das Hobby — hobby
Plural: die Hobbys (loanword, takes "-s" like most words borrowed from English).
Nom Was ist dein Lieblingshobby?
What is your favorite hobby?
das Lieblingshobby = favorite hobby, built from Lieblings- (favorite) + Hobby. Predicate Nominativ after "sein" — "was" asks for a Nominativ complement. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Er beschreibt das Hobby ganz genau.
He describes the hobby in great detail.
beschreiben = to describe · genau = precisely. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Hobby is the direct object.
Dat Er widmet dem Hobby jeden Abend etwas Zeit.
He devotes some time to the hobby every evening.
widmen = to devote (+ Dativ). "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) — the indirect object.
Nom Ein Hobby macht das Leben interessanter.
A hobby makes life more interesting.
das Leben = life · interessant = interesting. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Ich suche ein neues Hobby.
I am looking for a new hobby.
suchen = to look for · neu = new. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Bei den Hobbys meiner Freunde geht es oft um Sport.
With my friends' hobbies, it's often about sports.
bei = with/in the case of (+ Dativ) · der Freund, -e = friend · der Sport = sport(s). Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hobbys already ends in "-s," so no extra "-n" is added.
hoch — high
Irregular attributive form: right before a noun, "hoch" drops the "c" and adds the normal adjective ending — der hohe Berg, ein hohes Haus (not "hocher/hoches"). Comparative/superlative: hoch → höher → am höchsten.
Diese Berge sind hoch.
These mountains are high.
der Berg, -e = mountain. Predicate adjective after "sein" — no ending, and "hoch" keeps its "c" here since it isn't directly in front of the noun. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
das Hochwild — big game (deer, boar, etc.)
A collective, uncountable noun for large game animals hunted in the forest (deer, wild boar, and similar) — no plural, so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. Related: "das Niederwild" (small game, e.g. rabbits, foxes).
Nom Das Hochwild lebt in den tiefen Wäldern.
The big game lives in the deep forests.
tief = deep · der Wald, ä-er = forest. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Hochwild is the subject.
Akk In diesem Wald gibt es das Hochwild noch in großer Zahl.
In this forest, the big game still exists in large numbers.
es gibt = there is/are (+ Akkusativ) · groß = large · die Zahl, -en = number. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das). Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("In diesem Wald gibt es Hochwild." — There are deer in these woods.) to show the definite article.
Dat Die Jäger sprechen oft von dem Hochwild dieser Region.
The hunters often talk about the big game of this region.
der Jäger, - = hunter · sprechen von = to talk about (+ Dativ). "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
die Hochzeit — wedding
Plural: die Hochzeiten. Two related words are bundled with this headword in the dictionary and get their own entries just below: die Hochzeitsreise (honeymoon) and der Hochzeitstag (wedding anniversary).
Nom Die Hochzeit dauert den ganzen Tag.
The wedding lasts the whole day.
dauern = to last · ganz = whole/entire. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hochzeit is the subject.
Akk Wir planen die Hochzeit seit Monaten.
We've been planning the wedding for months.
planen = to plan · der Monat, -e = month. "Die" because feminin Akkusativ (die → die). Hochzeit is the direct object.
Dat Alle Gäste kommen zu der Hochzeit.
All the guests are coming to the wedding.
der Gast, ä-e = guest · zu = to (+ Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom In der Kirche findet heute eine Hochzeit statt.
There is a wedding at the church today.
die Kirche, -n = church · stattfinden = to take place (separable verb). "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ, same as "die." Hochzeit is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Die Familie organisiert eine große Hochzeit.
The family is organizing a big wedding.
die Familie, -n = family · organisieren = to organize. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ, the same pattern as "die."
Dat Bei den Hochzeiten unserer Familie gibt es immer viel zu essen.
At our family's weddings there's always a lot to eat.
bei = at (+ Dativ). Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hochzeiten already ends in "-n," so no extra suffix is added.
die Hochzeitsreise — honeymoon
Plural: die Hochzeitsreisen. Built from Hochzeit (wedding) + Reise (trip) — a genuinely distinct standalone word, bundled with "Hochzeit" in the dictionary.
Nom Die Hochzeitsreise beginnt nächste Woche.
The honeymoon begins next week.
beginnen = to begin · nächste Woche = next week. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hochzeitsreise is the subject.
Akk Wir planen die Hochzeitsreise nach Italien.
We're planning the honeymoon to Italy.
planen = to plan. "Die" because feminin Akkusativ (die → die). Hochzeitsreise is the direct object.
Dat Sie erzählt begeistert von der Hochzeitsreise.
She talks enthusiastically about the honeymoon.
erzählen von = to talk about (+ Dativ) · begeistert = enthusiastically. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Hochzeitsreise nach Italien ist romantisch.
A honeymoon to Italy is romantic.
romantisch = romantic. "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ, same as "die."
Akk Sie machen eine lange Hochzeitsreise.
They are taking a long honeymoon.
lang = long. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.
Dat Die Reiseagentur hat Erfahrung mit den Hochzeitsreisen vieler Paare.
The travel agency has experience with many couples' honeymoons.
die Erfahrung, -en = experience · das Paar, -e = couple. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hochzeitsreisen already ends in "-n," so no extra suffix is added.
der Hochzeitstag — wedding anniversary
Plural: die Hochzeitstage. Built from Hochzeit (wedding) + Tag (day) — literally "wedding day," but used in everyday German for the yearly anniversary, not the wedding day itself. A genuinely distinct standalone word, bundled with "Hochzeit" in the dictionary.
Nom Der Hochzeitstag meiner Eltern ist am 8. August.
My parents' wedding anniversary is August 8.
die Eltern (Pl.) = parents. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hochzeitstag is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Wir feiern den Hochzeitstag jedes Jahr.
We celebrate the wedding anniversary every year.
feiern = to celebrate · jedes Jahr = every year. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat An dem Hochzeitstag schenkt er ihr Blumen.
On the wedding anniversary he gives her flowers.
an = on (+ Dativ, for a specific day) · die Blume, -n = flower. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Hochzeitstag ist ein besonderer Tag für ein Paar.
A wedding anniversary is a special day for a couple.
besonder- = special · das Paar, -e = couple. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie planen einen romantischen Hochzeitstag.
They are planning a romantic wedding anniversary.
romantisch = romantic. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen), mirroring der → den.
Dat An den Hochzeitstagen ihrer Freunde sind sie oft eingeladen.
On their friends' wedding anniversaries, they are often invited.
eingeladen sein = to be invited. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hochzeitstag adds "-n" (Hochzeitstage → Hochzeitstagen) since the plural doesn't already end in -n or -s.
das Hockey — hockey
An uncountable activity noun for the sport, like "das Tennis" or "das Golf" — no plural or indefinite article in this sense, so this entry skips those drills. The dictionary's headword "Hockey(spiel)" points to "das Hockeyspiel" (a specific match) as a separate, countable sense, not covered here. Fixed phrase, bundled with this headword in the dictionary: "Hockey spielen" = to play hockey — the dictionary's own example, a bare noun phrase with no article, as usual for a sport name: "Wir spielen Hockey auf dem Teich, wenn er zugefroren ist." (We play hockey on the pond when it's frozen.)
Nom Das Hockey begeistert viele Kanadier.
Hockey thrills many Canadians.
begeistern = to thrill/excite · der Kanadier, - = Canadian. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Hockey is the subject.
Akk Er liebt das Hockey über alles.
He loves hockey above all else.
lieben = to love · über alles = above all. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Hockey is the direct object.
Dat Beim Hockey braucht man gute Ausrüstung.
In hockey, you need good equipment.
beim = bei + dem (contraction) · die Ausrüstung = equipment. "Beim" absorbs the neutral Dativ article "dem."
hoffen — to hope
Regular weak verb: ich hoffe, du hoffst, er/sie/es hofft, wir hoffen, ihr hofft, sie/Sie hoffen. Two related adjectives are bundled with this headword in the dictionary and get their own entries just below: hoffnungslos (hopeless) and hoffnungsvoll (hopeful).
Ich hoffe, dass Sie kommen können!
I hope you can come!
dass = that · können = can/to be able to. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "daß" (older spelling, now "dass") and a stray "/" that should read "I."
Wir hoffen auf besseres Wetter.
We are hoping for better weather.
hoffen auf = to hope for (+ Akkusativ) · das Wetter = weather · besser = better.
hoffnungslos — hopeless
Built from die Hoffnung (hope) + -los (-less), the same pattern as "arbeitslos" (unemployed) or "sprachlos" (speechless).
Die Lage ist völlig hoffnungslos.
The situation is completely hopeless.
die Lage, -n = situation · völlig = completely. Predicate adjective after "sein" — no ending.
hoffnungsvoll — hopeful
Built from die Hoffnung (hope) + -voll (full of) — compare "liebevoll" (loving), which follows the same pattern.
Sie schaut hoffnungsvoll in die Zukunft.
She looks hopefully into the future.
schauen in = to look into · die Zukunft = future. Adverbial use — "hoffnungsvoll" describes how she looks.
höflich — polite
Opposite: unhöflich (impolite/rude).
Diese Kinder sind sehr höflich.
These children are very polite.
sehr = very. Predicate adjective after "sein" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
die Höhe — height
Plural: die Höhen.
Nom Die Höhe dieses Gebäudes ist beeindruckend.
The height of this building is impressive.
das Gebäude, - = building · beeindruckend = impressive. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Höhe is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Wir messen die Höhe des Turms.
We measure the height of the tower.
messen = to measure · der Turm, ü-e = tower. "Die" because feminin Akkusativ (die → die). Höhe is the direct object.
Dat Aus der Höhe sieht die Stadt ganz klein aus.
From up here, the city looks very small.
aus = from (+ Dativ) · aussehen = to look/appear (separable verb). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Höhe von 2.000 Metern ist für Anfänger schwierig.
A height of 2,000 meters is difficult for beginners.
der Anfänger, - = beginner · schwierig = difficult. "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ, same as "die."
Akk Der Kran erreicht eine Höhe von 50 Metern.
The crane reaches a height of 50 meters.
der Kran, ä-e = crane · erreichen = to reach. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.
Dat In den Höhen der Alpen liegt oft Schnee.
At the high altitudes of the Alps, there's often snow.
die Alpen (Pl.) = the Alps · der Schnee = snow. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Höhen already ends in "-n," so no extra suffix is added.
die Höhle — cave
Plural: die Höhlen.
Nom Die Höhle ist sehr dunkel.
The cave is very dark.
dunkel = dark. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Höhle is the subject.
Akk Die Kinder entdecken die Höhle im Wald.
The children discover the cave in the forest.
entdecken = to discover · der Wald, ä-er = forest. "Die" because feminin Akkusativ (die → die). Höhle is the direct object.
Dat In der Höhle ist es sehr kalt.
Inside the cave it is very cold.
in = in (+ Dativ, no motion) · kalt = cold. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Höhle bietet Schutz vor dem Regen.
A cave offers shelter from the rain.
bieten = to offer · der Schutz = shelter/protection · der Regen = rain. "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ, same as "die."
Akk Wir erkunden eine alte Höhle.
We are exploring an old cave.
erkunden = to explore · alt = old. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.
Dat Fledermäuse leben in den Höhlen dieser Region.
Bats live in the caves of this region.
die Fledermaus, äu-e = bat · die Region, -en = region. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Höhlen already ends in "-n," so no extra suffix is added. Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Fledermäuse leben in Höhlen." — Bats live in caves.) to show the definite article.
holen — to fetch; to take (down or out)
Regular weak verb: ich hole, du holst, er/sie holt. A related separable verb, einholen (to catch up with), is bundled with this headword in the dictionary and gets its own entry just below.
Der Hund will den Stock holen.
The dog wants to fetch the stick.
der Hund, -e = dog · der Stock, ö-e = stick. The dictionary's own example, unchanged. Modal "will" pushes the infinitive "holen" to the end.
Kannst du bitte Brot vom Bäcker holen?
Can you please get bread from the baker?
das Brot, -e = bread · der Bäcker, - = baker. Modal "kannst" pushes "holen" to the end of the question.
einholen — to catch up with
Separable verb: ein- + holen. Present tense: ich hole ein, du holst ein, er/sie holt ein.
Er holt seinen Freund schnell ein.
He quickly catches up with his friend.
der Freund, -e = friend · schnell = quick(ly). Separable verb — "ein" splits off and moves to the end of the clause.
Holland — Holland
Neuter country name, used without an article (no "das Holland"), like most countries. Two related words are bundled with this headword in the dictionary and get their own entries just below: der Holländer (die Holländerin) and holländisch.
Nom Holland ist bekannt für seine Windmühlen.
Holland is known for its windmills.
bekannt sein für = to be known for · die Windmühle, -n = windmill. No article — Holland is the subject directly.
Akk Wir besuchen Holland im Frühling.
We are visiting Holland in the spring.
besuchen = to visit · der Frühling = spring. No article/ending change — country names without an article stay the same in every case.
Dat In Holland werden Tulpen gezüchtet.
They grow tulips in Holland.
in = in (+ Dativ) · die Tulpe, -n = tulip · züchten = to grow/breed. No article/ending change for the country name itself. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
der Holländer — Dutch person
Feminine: die Holländerin, plural die Holländerinnen. Plural of "der Holländer": die Holländer (unchanged). Not a weak noun — regular masculine declension, the same pattern as "der Engländer" or "der Ausländer."
Nom Der Holländer spricht drei Sprachen.
The Dutchman speaks three languages.
die Sprache, -n = language. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Holländer is the subject.
Akk Ich treffe den Holländer am Bahnhof.
I am meeting the Dutchman at the train station.
treffen = to meet · der Bahnhof, ö-e = train station. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Sie hilft dem Holländer beim Einkaufen.
She helps the Dutchman with the shopping.
helfen = to help (+ Dativ) · das Einkaufen = shopping. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Holländer wohnt in unserer Straße.
A Dutchman lives on our street.
die Straße, -n = street. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir haben einen Holländer in unserem Team.
We have a Dutchman on our team.
das Team, -s = team. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen), mirroring der → den.
Dat Der Reiseleiter zeigt den Holländern die Stadt.
The tour guide shows the Dutch people the city.
der Reiseleiter, - = tour guide · zeigen = to show. Plural Dativ: the article is "den" and Holländer adds "-n" (Holländer → Holländern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
holländisch — Dutch (adjective)
Lowercase, unlike the nouns Holland/der Holländer — compare: Deutschland/deutsch, England/englisch.
Die holländische Sprache ist dem Deutschen ähnlich.
The Dutch language is similar to German.
ähnlich = similar (+ Dativ). Attributive adjective after "die" — takes the weak ending "-e." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
das Holz — wood
No plural in this "material" sense — a mass noun like "das Gold" or "das Eisen" — so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. The technical plural "die Hölzer" exists only for distinct types of wood/timber. Bundled below: hölzern (wooden).
Nom Das Holz ist sehr hart.
The wood is very hard.
hart = hard. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Holz is the subject.
Akk Der Tischler bearbeitet das Holz sorgfältig.
The carpenter works the wood carefully.
der Tischler, - = carpenter · bearbeiten = to work (a material) · sorgfältig = carefully. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Die Möbel sind aus dem Holz dieses alten Baumes gemacht.
The furniture is made from the wood of this old tree.
das Möbel, - = furniture (usually Pl.) · aus = from/of (+ Dativ) · alt = old · der Baum, ä-e = tree. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem). Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Die Möbel sind aus Holz gemacht." — The furniture is made of wood.) to show the definite article.
hölzern — wooden
Built from Holz + "-ern," the same material-adjective suffix as "golden" (from Gold) and "silbern" (from Silber).
Die Treppe ist ganz hölzern.
The staircase is entirely wooden.
die Treppe, -n = staircase · ganz = entirely. Predicate adjective after "sein" — no ending.
der Honig — honey
No plural in everyday use — a mass noun like die Butter or der Zucker — so this entry skips the indefinite-article and plural drills. The technical plural "die Honige" exists only for distinct honey varieties, similar to "die Benzine."
Nom Der Honig ist sehr süß.
The honey is very sweet.
süß = sweet. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Honig is the subject.
Akk Ich esse den Honig gern mit Brot.
I like to eat the honey with bread.
das Brot, -e = bread. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Honig is the direct object.
Dat Sie süßt den Tee mit dem Honig.
She sweetens the tea with the honey.
süßen = to sweeten · der Tee = tea · mit = with (+ Dativ). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).