Appearance
German Student Dictionary — Part 32
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Grippe – gut.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
die Grippe — flu
Plural: die Grippen (rare — mainly used to distinguish separate flu epidemics or strains; in everyday speech Grippe is usually treated as one ongoing illness, as in "Ich habe die Grippe").
Nom Die Grippe ist sehr ansteckend.
The flu is very contagious.
die Grippe (feminin) = flu · ansteckend = contagious. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Grippe is the subject.
Akk Es ist kein Spaß, die Grippe zu haben.
It's no fun to have the flu.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used "Grippe" with no article at all (a common way to talk about having an illness in general) — "die" added here to drill the definite Akkusativ. der Spaß = fun.
Dat Bei der Grippe hilft viel Tee.
With the flu, a lot of tea helps.
bei + Dativ = with/during · der Tee = tea. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "bei."
Nom Eine Grippe kann mehrere Tage dauern.
A flu can last several days.
dauern = to last · mehrere = several. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Er hat eine schwere Grippe.
He has a bad flu.
schwer = severe/bad. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Wissenschaftler forschen an den neuen Grippen der letzten Jahre.
The scientists research the new flu strains of recent years.
forschen an (+ Dativ) = to research/investigate · der Wissenschaftler, - = scientist. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Grippen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
groß — large; big; tall
Comparative/superlative: groß → größer → am größten — adds an umlaut, unlike most adjectives (which is why "größer" gets its own entry just below). This paragraph also bundles the interjection Großartig! (Great!) — its own entry just after "größer."
Der Elefant ist ein sehr großes Tier.
The elephant is a very large animal.
der Elefant, -en = elephant · das Tier, -e = animal. "Großes" — neutral ending after the indefinite article "ein" (no der-word present, so the adjective itself signals the case/gender, here neutral Akkusativ). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "groBes."
Er muss schon groß sein, wenn er die Decke berühren kann.
He must be tall if he can reach the ceiling.
müssen = must · die Decke, -n = ceiling · berühren = to touch/reach. Predicate use after "sein" — no ending on "groß." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "muB"/"beriihren."
größer — bigger
Comparative of "groß" (irregular: adds an umlaut, groß → größer → am größten, not just "+er" the way most adjectives work). Used with "als" (than) to compare.
Mein Bruder ist größer als ich.
My brother is taller than I am.
der Bruder, ü- = brother · als = than (used after a comparative). Predicate use — no further ending on the comparative form itself.
Großartig! — Great!
Built from "groß" + the adjectival suffix "-artig" (literally "of a great/grand kind") — an enthusiastic exclamation of approval, similar to "Toll!" or "Klasse!". Bundled with "groß" in the source.
Du hast die Prüfung bestanden? Großartig!
You passed the exam? Great!
die Prüfung, -en = exam/test · bestehen = to pass. Used as a stand-alone exclamation reacting to good news.
die Größe — size
Plural: die Größen. Built from "groß" (big) — literally "bigness," the general abstract noun for size/measurement, not only clothing size.
Nom Ist dies die richtige Größe?
Is this the right size?
die Größe (feminin) = size · richtig = right/correct. Predicate nominative after "ist" — "dies" is the subject, "die richtige Größe" restates it in Nominativ. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Ich brauche die richtige Größe für dieses Kleid.
I need the right size for this dress.
brauchen = to need · das Kleid, -er = dress. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Größe is the direct object of "brauchen" here.
Dat Der Verkäufer fragt nach der Größe der Kundin.
The salesman asks about the customer's size.
fragen nach (+ Dativ) = to ask about · der Verkäufer, - = salesman · die Kundin, -nen = customer (f.). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine kleinere Größe wäre besser.
A smaller size would be better.
klein = small · wäre = would be (Konjunktiv II of sein). "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Ich möchte eine größere Größe bestellen.
I would like to order a bigger size.
bestellen = to order. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article. "Größere" echoes the comparative "größer" from just above.
Dat Der Laden bietet Schuhe in den verschiedenen Größen an.
The store offers shoes in the various sizes.
anbieten = to offer (separable) · der Schuh, -e = shoe · verschieden = various. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Größen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Großeltern — grandparents
Plural-only noun (Pl.) — there is no singular "der/die Großelter"; "one grandparent" is "ein Großelternteil," the same pattern as "die Eltern" / "ein Elternteil." The two singular halves, Großmutter (grandmother) and Großvater (grandfather), each get their own entry just below.
Nom Die Großeltern sind aus Deutschland.
My grandparents are from Germany.
die Großeltern (Pl.) = grandparents. "Die" — Nominativ plural, the article used for every gender in the plural. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the possessive "meine" instead of "die."
Akk Ich besuche die Großeltern am Sonntag.
I visit the grandparents on Sunday.
besuchen = to visit · der Sonntag, -e = Sunday. "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ plural — the article never distinguishes Nominativ from Akkusativ in the plural.
Dat Die Kinder schreiben den Großeltern eine Karte.
The children write the grandparents a card.
schreiben = to write · die Karte, -n = card. "Den" — Dativ plural always uses this article, regardless of gender; Großeltern already ends in "-n," so no further ending is added.
großmütig — generous
Built from "groß" + "-mütig" (from "der Mut," courage/spirit) — literally "great-spirited." The dictionary glosses it as "generous," though it's closer to "magnanimous"; the more common everyday word for "generous" is "großzügig" (see the "gut" entry below for an example).
Meine Großeltern sind sehr großmütig.
My grandparents are very generous.
Predicate use after "sind" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "groBmutig." groBeltern → Großeltern = grandparents (see the entry above).
Der großmütige König vergibt seinen Feinden.
The magnanimous king forgives his enemies.
der König, -e = king · vergeben (+ Dativ) = to forgive · der Feind, -e = enemy. "Großmütige" — attributive ending "-e" after "der" (maskulin Nominativ, weak adjective ending).
die Großmutter — grandmother
Plural: die Großmütter (umlaut only, like Mutter → Mütter). Built from "groß" + "die Mutter" — literally "big mother," the same pattern as English "grandmother." Paired with Großvater, the entry just below.
Nom Die Großmutter ist zu meiner Hochzeit gekommen.
The grandmother came to my wedding.
die Großmutter (feminin) = grandmother · die Hochzeit, -en = wedding. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the plural possessive "Meine Großmütter sind beide ... gekommen" (Both my grandmothers came to my wedding) — singularized and changed to the definite article "die" to drill the Nominativ singular here.
Akk Ich besuche die Großmutter jeden Sonntag.
I visit the grandmother every Sunday.
besuchen = to visit · jeden Sonntag = every Sunday. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Großmutter is the direct object here.
Dat Ich schenke der Großmutter Blumen.
I give the grandmother flowers.
schenken (+ Dativ for the recipient) = to give (as a gift) · die Blume, -n = flower. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Großmutter sitzt auf der Bank.
A grandmother is sitting on the bench.
sitzen = to sit · die Bank, ä-e = bench. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Er umarmt eine alte Großmutter.
He hugs an old grandmother.
umarmen = to hug. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Enkel schreibt den Großmüttern einen Brief.
The grandson writes the grandmothers a letter.
der Enkel, - = grandson · der Brief, -e = letter. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Großmutter's plural takes only an umlaut (Großmutter → Großmütter), then adds "-n" (Großmütter → Großmüttern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Großvater — grandfather
Plural: die Großväter (umlaut only, like Vater → Väter). Built from "groß" + "der Vater" — literally "big father." Paired with Großmutter above; together they make up die Großeltern.
Nom Der Großvater ist jetzt pensioniert.
My grandfather is retired now.
der Großvater (maskulin) = grandfather · pensioniert = retired. Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the possessive "mein" instead of "der," corrected from the OCR-garbled "1st" → "ist."
Akk Ich besuche den Großvater am Wochenende.
I visit the grandfather on the weekend.
besuchen = to visit · das Wochenende, -n = weekend. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Großvater is the direct object.
Dat Ich helfe dem Großvater im Garten.
I help the grandfather in the garden.
helfen (+ Dativ) = to help · der Garten, ä- = garden. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Großvater erzählt gern Geschichten.
A grandfather likes to tell stories.
erzählen = to tell · gern = gladly/like to · die Geschichte, -n = story. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Sie hat einen liebevollen Großvater.
She has a loving grandfather.
liebevoll = loving. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Enkelkinder danken den Großvätern für die Geschenke.
The grandchildren thank the grandfathers for the gifts.
das Enkelkind, -er = grandchild · danken (+ Dativ) = to thank · das Geschenk, -e = gift. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Großvater's plural takes only an umlaut (Großvater → Großväter), then adds "-n" (Großväter → Großvätern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
grün — green
Fixed collocation bundled in the dictionary: grüne Bohnen = green beans.
Tannenbäume sind das ganze Jahr lang grün.
Pine trees are green all year long.
der Tannenbaum, ä-e = pine/fir tree · das ganze Jahr lang = all year long. Predicate use after "sind" — no ending. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ich habe ein grünes Fahrrad.
I have a green bicycle.
das Fahrrad, ä-er = bicycle. "Grünes" — neutral ending after the indefinite article "ein" (neutral Nominativ/Akkusativ, no der-word present).
der Grund — reason
Plural: die Gründe. Fixed phrase: aus diesem Grund = for this reason.
Nom Was ist der Grund dafür, dass du aufhören willst?
What's your reason for wanting to quit?
der Grund (maskulin) = reason · aufhören = to stop/quit. Predicate nominative after "ist" — "was" is the subject, "der Grund" restates it in Nominativ. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "1st"/"dafiir"/"dafi"/"aufhoren."
Akk Ich verstehe den Grund nicht.
I don't understand the reason.
verstehen = to understand. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Grund is the direct object.
Dat Sie fragt nach dem Grund für die Verspätung.
She asks about the reason for the delay.
fragen nach (+ Dativ) = to ask about · die Verspätung, -en = delay. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein triftiger Grund überzeugt den Lehrer.
A valid reason convinces the teacher.
triftig = valid/compelling · überzeugen = to convince. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Er nennt einen guten Grund für die Absage.
He gives a good reason for the cancellation.
nennen = to name/give · die Absage, -n = cancellation. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Aus den finanziellen Gründen musste das Geschäft schließen.
Due to financial reasons, the store had to close.
aus (+ Dativ) = due to/from · finanziell = financial · das Geschäft, -e = store/shop. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Grund's plural takes an umlaut (Grund → Gründe), then adds "-n" (Gründe → Gründen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Gruppe — group
Plural: die Gruppen. The dictionary's own example uses a bare plural with no article ("Die Studenten verlassen die Klasse in Gruppen." = "The students leave class in groups.") — a general statement like that skips the article entirely, so it doesn't slot cleanly into the drills below; all six are built fresh instead.
Nom Die Gruppe arbeitet zusammen an dem Projekt.
The group works together on the project.
die Gruppe (feminin) = group · zusammen = together · das Projekt, -e = project. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gruppe is the subject.
Akk Der Lehrer leitet die Gruppe.
The teacher leads the group.
leiten = to lead. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gruppe is the direct object here.
Dat Er gehört zu der Gruppe der Freiwilligen.
He belongs to the group of volunteers.
gehören zu (+ Dativ) = to belong to · der/die Freiwillige, -n = volunteer. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine kleine Gruppe wartet vor der Tür.
A small group waits in front of the door.
warten = to wait · die Tür, -en = door. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Wir bilden eine neue Gruppe.
We form a new group.
bilden = to form. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Lehrerin spricht mit den verschiedenen Gruppen der Klasse.
The teacher speaks with the different groups in the class.
sprechen mit (+ Dativ) = to speak with · verschieden = different · die Klasse, -n = class. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gruppen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
das Gummi — rubber
A mass noun like "Eisen" or "Holz" — no plural or indefinite article in this material sense, so this entry skips those drills. Fixed phrase bundled in the source: aus Gummi = made of rubber, worked into the Dativ example below. Bundled with the distinct standalone word Radiergummi, der (eraser) — its own entry just after this one.
Nom Das Gummi ist ein wichtiges Exportprodukt für Brasilien.
Rubber is an important export product for Brazil.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used "Gummi" with no article at all (typical for a bare material noun). wichtig = important · das Exportprodukt, -e = export product. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gummi is the subject.
Akk Die Fabrik verarbeitet das Gummi zu Reifen.
The factory processes the rubber into tires.
die Fabrik, -en = factory · verarbeiten zu = to process into · der Reifen, - = tire. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Aus dem Gummi entsteht ein stabiler Reifen.
A sturdy tire is made from the rubber.
entstehen aus (+ Dativ) = to arise/result from · stabil = sturdy. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "aus." Echoes the dictionary's own bundled fixed phrase "aus Gummi" (made of rubber), as in its second example: "Diese Reifen sind aus Gummi."
der Radiergummi — eraser
Plural: die Radiergummis (add -s, like "Gummi" itself and other vowel-ending loanwords). Built from "radieren" (to erase) + "das Gummi" (rubber) — literally "erasing rubber." Bundled with "Gummi" in the source as a related compound.
Nom Der Radiergummi liegt auf dem Tisch.
The eraser is lying on the table.
der Radiergummi (maskulin) = eraser · liegen = to lie/be lying · der Tisch, -e = table. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Radiergummi is the subject.
Akk Ich brauche den Radiergummi für meine Fehler.
I need the eraser for my mistakes.
brauchen = to need · der Fehler, - = mistake. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Radiergummi is the direct object.
Dat Ich radiere den Fehler mit dem Radiergummi weg.
I erase the mistake with the eraser.
wegradieren = to erase away (separable) · mit = with (always Dativ). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Radiergummi liegt im Federmäppchen.
An eraser is lying in the pencil case.
im = in + dem (contraction) · das Federmäppchen, - = pencil case. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Schüler kauft einen neuen Radiergummi.
The student buys a new eraser.
der Schüler, - = student · kaufen = to buy. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Kinder spielen mit den bunten Radiergummis.
The children play with the colorful erasers.
bunt = colorful. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Radiergummis already ends in "-s" (from its own "-s" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Gurke — cucumber
Plural: die Gurken. The dictionary's own example is about the compound "der Gurkensalat" (cucumber salad), not "Gurke" itself, so it's not reused directly below: "Meine Schwester liebt Gurkensalat." = "My sister likes cucumber salad."
Nom Die Gurke schmeckt frisch und knackig.
The cucumber tastes fresh and crunchy.
die Gurke (feminin) = cucumber · schmecken = to taste · knackig = crunchy. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gurke is the subject.
Akk Ich schneide die Gurke in Scheiben.
I cut the cucumber into slices.
schneiden = to cut · die Scheibe, -n = slice. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gurke is the direct object here.
Dat Sie bereitet den Salat mit der Gurke zu.
She prepares the salad with the cucumber.
zubereiten = to prepare (separable) · der Salat, -e = salad. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "mit."
Nom Eine Gurke liegt im Kühlschrank.
A cucumber is lying in the fridge.
der Kühlschrank, ä-e = fridge. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Meine Schwester kauft eine Gurke für den Salat.
My sister buys a cucumber for the salad.
kaufen = to buy. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article. Echoes the dictionary's own "Gurkensalat" example (cucumber salad).
Dat Der Koch kocht mit den frischen Gurken aus dem Garten.
The chef cooks with the fresh cucumbers from the garden.
der Koch, ö-e = chef/cook · frisch = fresh · der Garten, ä- = garden. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gurken already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
der Gürtel — belt
Plural: die Gürtel (unchanged, like "der Lehrer").
Nom Der Gürtel passt perfekt.
The belt fits perfectly.
der Gürtel (maskulin) = belt · passen = to fit · perfekt = perfectly. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Gürtel is the subject.
Akk Ich trage den Gürtel zu der Hose.
I wear the belt with the pants.
tragen = to wear · die Hose, -n = pants. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Gürtel is the direct object.
Dat Die Schnalle gehört zu dem Gürtel.
The buckle belongs to the belt.
die Schnalle, -n = buckle · gehören zu (+ Dativ) = to belong to. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Gürtel liegt auf dem Bett.
A belt is lying on the bed.
liegen = to lie/be lying · das Bett, -en = bed. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich brauche einen Gürtel zu diesem Rock.
I need a belt with this skirt.
brauchen = to need · der Rock, ö-e = skirt. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Die Boutique bietet eine große Auswahl an den neuen Gürteln.
The boutique offers a large selection of the new belts.
die Boutique, -n = boutique · die Auswahl an (+ Dativ) = selection of. Plural Dativ: the article is "den," and Gürtel adds "-n" (Gürtel → Gürteln) since the plural itself is unchanged and doesn't already end in -n or -s.
gut — fine; well; good; kind
Irregular comparative/superlative: gut → besser → am besten (fully irregular, not "+er" like most adjectives — see the separate besser entry). This paragraph bundles several fixed phrases built from "gut": gut aussehend = good-looking, Guten Abend! = good evening, Gute Nacht! = good night, Guten Tag! = good day, gut erzogen = well-behaved, and so gut wie = as good as / practically. Two more of the dictionary's own examples, corrected from OCR ("No ten" → "Noten", "1st" → "ist", "groBziigig" → "großzügig"): "Doreen spielt sehr gut Klavier." (Doreen plays the piano very well) and "Meine Großmutter ist gut und großzügig." (My grandmother is kind and generous).
Es geht mir wieder gut.
I am feeling fine now.
Fixed idiom: es geht mir gut = I'm fine/well (literally "it goes well for me"). "Gut" here is adverbial, describing "geht." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "/" → "I."
Sie bekommt immer gute Noten.
She always gets good grades.
bekommen = to get/receive · die Note, -n = grade. "Gute" — attributive adjective, "-e" ending before a plural noun with no article. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "No ten" → "Noten."