Appearance
German Student Dictionary — Part 33
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Gymnasium – Hauptstadt.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
das Gymnasium — high school
Plural: die Gymnasien. Refers specifically to the academic-track secondary school that leads to the Abitur (the university-entrance qualification) — Germany's school system branches into several secondary-school types after Grundschule, and the Gymnasium is the most academically oriented.
Nom Das Gymnasium liegt am Stadtrand.
The high school is on the edge of town.
das Gymnasium (neutral) = high school · der Stadtrand, ä-er = edge of town. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gymnasium is the subject.
Akk Mein ältester Sohn besucht das Gymnasium.
My oldest son is in high school.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "altester" → "ältester." ältest- = oldest (superlative of alt) · der Sohn, ö-e = son · besuchen = to attend (literally "to visit"). Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Gymnasium is the direct object of "besuchen."
Dat Der Lehrer unterrichtet an dem Gymnasium.
The teacher teaches at the high school.
unterrichten = to teach · an (+ Dativ for location) = at. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein Gymnasium eröffnet nächstes Jahr in unserer Stadt.
A high school is opening next year in our city.
eröffnen = to open. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Die Stadt baut ein neues Gymnasium.
The city is building a new high school.
bauen = to build. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite keeps the same form as Nominativ (ein → ein) — the same pattern as "das"/"das" for the definite article.
Dat Viele Schüler lernen an den Gymnasien der Stadt.
Many students learn at the city's high schools.
der Schüler, - = student. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gymnasium's plural already ends in "-n" (Gymnasium → Gymnasien), so no further "-n" is added.
das Haar — hair
Plural: die Haare — used far more often than the singular, since hair on the head is naturally thought of as many strands (English does the reverse, usually treating "hair" as uncountable). Fixed phrase bundled in the source: die Haare waschen = to wash one's hair. Two distinct standalone words bundled in the same source paragraph get their own entries just below: Haarbürste (hairbrush) and Haarschnitt (haircut).
Nom Das Haar ist noch nass vom Duschen.
The hair is still wet from the shower.
das Haar (neutral) = hair · nass = wet · das Duschen = showering. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Haar is the subject.
Akk Der Friseur schneidet das Haar meiner Schwester.
The hairdresser cuts my sister's hair.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, "Meine Schwester hat lange Haare" (My sister has long hair) — recast in the Akkusativ with the definite article added here to drill the case (a mass noun like "Haar" doesn't always need an article, but "das Haar" demonstrates it). der Friseur, -e = hairdresser · schneiden = to cut. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Haar is the direct object.
Dat Es ist noch Sand in dem Haar.
There's still sand in the hair.
der Sand = sand. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "in" (location, no motion).
Nom Ein Haar liegt auf dem Teller.
A hair is lying on the plate.
der Teller, - = plate · liegen = to lie/be lying. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Ich finde ein Haar in der Suppe.
I find a hair in the soup.
finden = to find · die Suppe, -n = soup. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite keeps the same form as Nominativ (ein → ein) — the same pattern as "das"/"das" for the definite article.
Dat Der Wind spielt mit den langen Haaren des Mädchens.
The wind plays with the girl's long hair.
der Wind, -e = wind · das Mädchen, - = girl. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Haare already ends in "-e," so "-n" is added (Haare → Haaren). Echoes the adjective-noun pairing from the dictionary's own example, "lange Haare."
die Haarbürste — hairbrush
Plural: die Haarbürsten. Built from "das Haar" (hair) + "die Bürste" (brush). Bundled with "Haar" in the source.
Nom Die Haarbürste liegt auf dem Waschbecken.
The hairbrush is lying on the sink.
die Haarbürste (feminin) = hairbrush · das Waschbecken, - = sink · liegen = to lie/be lying. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Haarbürste is the subject.
Akk Ich benutze die Haarbürste jeden Morgen.
I use the hairbrush every morning.
benutzen = to use · jeden Morgen = every morning. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Haarbürste is the direct object here.
Dat Sie kämmt sich mit der Haarbürste.
She combs her hair with the hairbrush.
sich kämmen = to comb one's hair · mit = with (always Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Haarbürste kostet nicht viel.
A hairbrush doesn't cost much.
kosten = to cost. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Ich kaufe eine neue Haarbürste.
I buy a new hairbrush.
kaufen = to buy. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Friseursalon arbeitet mit den weichen Haarbürsten.
The hair salon works with the soft hairbrushes.
der Friseursalon, -s = hair salon · weich = soft. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Haarbürsten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
der Haarschnitt — haircut
Plural: die Haarschnitte. Built from "das Haar" (hair) + "der Schnitt" (cut). Bundled with "Haar" in the source.
Nom Der Haarschnitt sieht toll aus.
The haircut looks great.
der Haarschnitt (maskulin) = haircut · aussehen = to look (appearance, separable). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Haarschnitt is the subject.
Akk Der Friseur empfiehlt mir den Haarschnitt.
The hairdresser recommends the haircut to me.
empfehlen (+ Dativ for the person, Akkusativ for the thing) = to recommend. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Haarschnitt is the direct object.
Dat Sie ist zufrieden mit dem Haarschnitt.
She is happy with the haircut.
zufrieden mit (+ Dativ) = happy/satisfied with. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein kurzer Haarschnitt passt zu ihr.
A short haircut suits her.
kurz = short · passen zu (+ Dativ) = to suit. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich möchte einen neuen Haarschnitt.
I would like a new haircut.
möchten = would like. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Friseur zeigt Fotos von den modernen Haarschnitten.
The hairdresser shows photos of the modern haircuts.
das Foto, -s = photo · modern = modern. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Haarschnitt's plural takes "-e" (Haarschnitt → Haarschnitte), then adds "-n" (Haarschnitte → Haarschnitten) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
haben — to have
Highly irregular in the present tense: ich habe, du hast, er/sie/es hat, wir haben, ihr habt, sie/Sie haben (the source's own conjugation table came through OCR badly jumbled). Fixed phrase bundled in the source: Glück haben = to have luck / to be lucky, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Gliick haben."
Hast du Zeit, diesen Brief zu lesen?
Do you have time to read this letter?
The dictionary's own example, unchanged. die Zeit, -en = time · der Brief, -e = letter · lesen = to read. "Hast" — the du-form, an irregular stem change (haben → du hast, not "habst").
Ich habe um sieben Uhr eine Verabredung.
I have a date at seven o'clock.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from an OCR misread that dropped the "Ich" entirely. um sieben Uhr = at seven o'clock · die Verabredung, -en = date/appointment.
der Habicht — hawk
Plural: die Habichte.
Nom Der Habicht frisst die Maus.
The hawk is eating the mouse.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "frifit" → "frisst" (fressen = to eat, used for animals rather than "essen"). der Habicht (maskulin) = hawk · die Maus, äu-e = mouse · fressen = to eat (of animals). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Habicht is the subject.
Akk Der Jäger beobachtet den Habicht.
The hunter watches the hawk.
der Jäger, - = hunter · beobachten = to watch/observe. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Habicht is the direct object.
Dat Der Falkner gibt dem Habicht Futter.
The falconer gives the hawk food.
der Falkner, - = falconer · das Futter = (animal) food. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Habicht kreist über dem Feld.
A hawk circles above the field.
kreisen = to circle · das Feld, -er = field. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich sehe einen Habicht am Himmel.
I see a hawk in the sky.
sehen = to see · der Himmel, - = sky. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Wald bietet den wilden Habichten einen Lebensraum.
The forest provides the wild hawks with a habitat.
der Wald, ä-er = forest · wild = wild · der Lebensraum, ä-e = habitat. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Habicht's plural takes "-e" (Habicht → Habichte), then adds "-n" (Habichte → Habichten) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
der Hafen — port
Plural: die Häfen (umlaut only, unchanged ending).
Nom Der Hafen ist voller Schiffe.
The port is full of ships.
der Hafen (maskulin) = port · voll (+ von/Genitiv) = full of · das Schiff, -e = ship. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hafen is the subject.
Akk Das Schiff fährt in den Hafen.
The ship comes into port.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "fahrt" → "fährt." fahren = to go/travel (by vehicle) · in + Akkusativ (motion into) = into. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den) after "in," showing motion/direction.
Dat Die Fischer arbeiten in dem Hafen.
The fishermen work in the port.
der Fischer, - = fisherman. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" (location, no motion).
Nom Ein kleiner Hafen liegt an der Küste.
A small port lies on the coast.
die Küste, -n = coast. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Die Stadt baut einen neuen Hafen.
The city is building a new port.
bauen = to build. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Waren kommen aus den internationalen Häfen.
The goods come from the international ports.
die Ware, -n = goods/merchandise · international = international. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hafen's plural takes only an umlaut (Hafen → Häfen); Häfen already ends in "-n," so no further "-n" is added.
der Hafer — oats
A mass noun like "Gummi" or "Holz" — no indefinite article or plural in this everyday sense, so this entry skips those drills and sticks to the 3 definite-article examples.
Nom Der Hafer wächst auf dem Feld.
The oats grow in the field.
der Hafer (maskulin) = oats · wachsen = to grow · das Feld, -er = field. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hafer is the subject.
Akk Das Pferd frisst den Hafer.
The horse is eating the oats.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used "Hafer" with no article at all (typical for a bare mass noun) — "den" added here to drill the definite Akkusativ, corrected from the OCR-garbled "friBt" → "frisst." das Pferd, -e = horse · fressen = to eat (of animals). "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Der Bauer füttert die Pferde mit dem Hafer.
The farmer feeds the horses with the oats.
der Bauer, -n (weak noun) = farmer · füttern = to feed. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "mit."
der Hahn — rooster
Plural: die Hähne (umlaut + "-e"). Also the everyday word for "faucet/tap" (der Wasserhahn, literally "water rooster") — a separate but related sense not covered by this entry.
Nom Der Hahn weckt uns morgens auf.
The rooster wakes us up in the morning.
The dictionary's own example, unchanged. wecken = to wake (someone), here separable with "auf-" · morgens = in the morning(s). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hahn is the subject.
Akk Der Bauer füttert den Hahn.
The farmer feeds the rooster.
der Bauer, -n (weak noun) = farmer · füttern = to feed. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Hahn is the direct object.
Dat Die Hühner folgen dem Hahn.
The hens follow the rooster.
das Huhn, ü-er = hen/chicken · folgen (+ Dativ) = to follow. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein Hahn kräht auf dem Bauernhof.
A rooster crows on the farm.
krähen = to crow · der Bauernhof, ö-e = farm. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Bauer kauft einen neuen Hahn.
The farmer buys a new rooster.
kaufen = to buy. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Bauer arbeitet jeden Morgen mit den lauten Hähnen.
The farmer works with the loud roosters every morning.
laut = loud. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hahn's plural takes an umlaut + "-e" (Hahn → Hähne), then adds "-n" (Hähne → Hähnen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Hälfte — half
Plural: die Hälften.
Nom Die Hälfte des Kuchens ist schon weg.
Half of the cake is already gone.
die Hälfte (feminin) = half · der Kuchen, - = cake · schon = already · weg = gone. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hälfte is the subject.
Akk Möchtest du die Hälfte dieses Apfels?
Do you want half of this apple?
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Mochtest" → "Möchtest." möchten = would like · der Apfel, ä- = apple. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Hälfte is the direct object of "möchten" here.
Dat Er gibt der anderen Hälfte der Klasse eine Pause.
He gives the other half of the class a break.
ander- = other · die Pause, -n = break. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Hälfte des Zimmers ist blau gestrichen.
One half of the room is painted blue.
das Zimmer, - = room · streichen = to paint. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Ich esse eine Hälfte, du isst die andere.
I'll eat one half, you eat the other.
"Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Lehrer teilt die Aufgabe zwischen den beiden Hälften der Klasse auf.
The teacher divides the task between the two halves of the class.
aufteilen = to divide up (separable) · zwischen (+ Dativ for location) = between · beide = both/two. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hälften already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
Hallo — hello
An informal greeting, used any time of day (unlike "Guten Morgen/Tag/Abend," which are time-specific).
Hallo, ich heiße Philip.
Hello, my name is Philip.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "heifie" → "heiße." heißen = to be called/named. Used as a stand-alone greeting at the start of a sentence.
der Hals — neck; throat
Plural: die Hälse. Covers both "neck" and "throat" (English splits these into two words, German doesn't). The source also uses the compound die Halsentzündung (sore throat, literally "throat inflammation") in a second example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Halsentziindung": "Richard hat eine Halsentzündung." (Richard has a sore throat.) Bundled with the distinct standalone word Halskette (necklace) — its own entry just below.
Nom Der Hals tut mir weh.
My throat hurts.
der Hals (maskulin) = neck/throat · wehtun (+ Dativ for the person) = to hurt (separable). "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hals is the subject.
Akk Der Schal wärmt den Hals.
The scarf warms the neck.
der Schal, -s = scarf · wärmen = to warm. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Hals is the direct object.
Dat Dieses Hemd ist mir an dem Hals zu eng.
This shirt is too tight around my neck.
The dictionary's own example, expanded from its contraction "am" (an + dem) to "an dem" here to make the Dativ case explicit for the drill. das Hemd, -en = shirt · eng = tight. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "an."
Nom Ein steifer Hals macht das Drehen schwer.
A stiff neck makes turning difficult.
steif = stiff · das Drehen = turning. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Arzt untersucht einen geschwollenen Hals.
The doctor examines a swollen neck.
der Arzt, ä-e = doctor · untersuchen = to examine · geschwollen = swollen. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Arzt untersucht die Kinder mit den geschwollenen Hälsen zuerst.
The doctor examines the children with the swollen necks first.
zuerst = first. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hals's plural takes an umlaut + "-e" (Hals → Hälse), then adds "-n" (Hälse → Hälsen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Halskette — necklace
Plural: die Halsketten. Built from "der Hals" (neck) + "die Kette" (chain) — literally "neck chain." Bundled with "Hals" in the source.
Nom Die Halskette glänzt im Licht.
The necklace shines in the light.
die Halskette (feminin) = necklace · glänzen = to shine/sparkle · das Licht, -er = light. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Halskette is the subject.
Akk Sie trägt die Halskette zu jedem Anlass.
She wears the necklace on every occasion.
tragen = to wear · der Anlass, ä-e = occasion. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Halskette is the direct object here.
Dat Der Anhänger gehört zu der Halskette.
The pendant belongs to the necklace.
der Anhänger, - = pendant · gehören zu (+ Dativ) = to belong to. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine Halskette liegt in der Schmuckschatulle.
A necklace lies in the jewelry box.
die Schmuckschatulle, -n = jewelry box. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Er schenkt ihr eine goldene Halskette.
He gives her a gold necklace.
schenken = to give (as a gift) · golden = gold(en). "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Die Verkäuferin zeigt der Kundin die Preise zu den verschiedenen Halsketten.
The saleswoman shows the customer the prices of the various necklaces.
die Verkäuferin, -nen = saleswoman · der Preis, -e = price. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Halsketten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
halten, er hält — to hold; to stop
Stem-changing verb: ich halte, du hältst, er/sie/es hält, wir halten, ihr haltet, sie halten (a → ä in the du/er forms; the source's own conjugation table came through OCR badly jumbled).
Die Mutter hält ihr Kind an der Hand.
The mother holds her child's hand.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "halt" → "hält." die Mutter, ü- = mother · das Kind, -er = child · an der Hand = by the hand.
Der Bus hält vor der Schule.
The bus stops in front of the school.
der Bus, -se = bus · vor (+ Dativ for location) = in front of · die Schule, -n = school. Here "halten" means "to stop" rather than "to hold."
der Hammer — hammer
Plural: die Hämmer (umlaut only, unchanged ending, like "der Garten").
Nom Der Hammer liegt auf der Werkbank.
The hammer is lying on the workbench.
der Hammer (maskulin) = hammer · die Werkbank, ä-e = workbench · liegen = to lie/be lying. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Hammer is the subject.
Akk Der Zimmermann benutzt den Hammer, um die Nägel einzuschlagen.
The carpenter uses the hammer to drive nails.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the indefinite article ("einen Hammer") — changed to "den" here to drill the definite Akkusativ; also rejoined from a mid-sentence line wrap and corrected from the OCR-garbled "Nagel" → "Nägel." der Zimmermann, Zimmerleute = carpenter · benutzen = to use · der Nagel, ä- = nail · einschlagen = to drive in/hammer in (separable). "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Hammer is the direct object.
Dat Der Zimmermann schlägt mit dem Hammer auf den Nagel.
The carpenter hits the nail with the hammer.
schlagen = to hit/strike · mit = with (always Dativ). "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein schwerer Hammer liegt im Werkzeugkasten.
A heavy hammer is lying in the toolbox.
schwer = heavy · der Werkzeugkasten, ä- = toolbox. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich brauche einen Hammer für diese Arbeit.
I need a hammer for this job.
brauchen = to need · die Arbeit, -en = job/work. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Die Arbeiter bauen das Haus mit den schweren Hämmern.
The workers build the house with the heavy hammers.
der Arbeiter, - = worker · bauen = to build. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hammer's plural takes only an umlaut (Hammer → Hämmer), then adds "-n" (Hämmer → Hämmern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Hand — hand
Plural: die Hände (umlaut + "-e"). The source bundles several fixed phrases built from "Hand": Hände schütteln = to shake hands (corrected from the OCR-garbled "Hande schutteln"), die linke Hand = the left hand, and die rechte Hand = the right hand.
Nom Die Hand tut mir weh.
My hand hurts.
die Hand (feminin) = hand · wehtun (+ Dativ for the person) = to hurt (separable). "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Hand is the subject.
Akk Wenn Sie die Antwort wissen, heben Sie die Hand.
If you know the answer, raise your hand.
The dictionary's own example, unchanged. die Antwort, -en = answer · wissen = to know (a fact) · heben = to raise/lift. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Hand is the direct object of "heben" here.
Dat Der Ring passt zu der linken Hand.
The ring fits the left hand.
der Ring, -e = ring · passen zu (+ Dativ) = to fit/suit · link- = left, echoing the source's bundled "die linke Hand." "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine warme Hand berührt meine Schulter.
A warm hand touches my shoulder.
warm = warm · berühren = to touch · die Schulter, -n = shoulder. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Sie streckt eine Hand zur Begrüßung aus.
She extends a hand in greeting.
ausstrecken = to extend/stretch out (separable) · die Begrüßung, -en = greeting. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article. Echoes the source's bundled idiom "Hände schütteln" (to shake hands).
Dat Die Gäste begrüßen sich mit den Händen.
The guests greet each other by shaking hands.
der Gast, ä-e = guest · begrüßen = to greet. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hand's plural takes an umlaut + "-e" (Hand → Hände), then adds "-n" (Hände → Händen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s. Echoes the source's bundled idiom "Hände schütteln" once more.
der Handschuh — glove
Plural: die Handschuhe. Built from "die Hand" (hand) + "der Schuh" (shoe) — literally "hand shoe."
Nom Der Handschuh passt nicht zu dem anderen.
The glove doesn't match the other one.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, "Diese zwei Handschuhe passen nicht zusammen" (These two gloves don't match) — recast in the singular Nominativ to drill one Handschuh at a time. der Handschuh (maskulin) = glove · passen zu (+ Dativ) = to match/go with · ander- = other. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Handschuh is the subject.
Akk Ich ziehe den Handschuh an.
I put on the glove.
anziehen = to put on (separable). "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Handschuh is the direct object.
Dat Ihre Finger sind kalt in dem Handschuh.
Her fingers are cold in the glove.
der Finger, - = finger · kalt = cold. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem) after "in" (location, no motion).
Nom Ein Handschuh liegt auf der Straße.
A glove is lying on the street.
die Straße, -n = street. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Ich kaufe einen warmen Handschuh.
I buy a warm glove.
warm = warm. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Im Winter arbeitet er mit den dicken Handschuhen.
In winter, he works with the thick gloves.
dick = thick. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Handschuh's plural takes "-e" (Handschuh → Handschuhe), then adds "-n" (Handschuhe → Handschuhen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Handtasche — purse
Plural: die Handtaschen. Built from "die Hand" (hand) + "die Tasche" (bag) — literally "hand bag."
Nom Die Handtasche steht neben der Tür.
The purse stands next to the door.
die Handtasche (feminin) = purse · die Tür, -en = door. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Handtasche is the subject.
Akk Sie steckt ihr Portemonnaie in die Handtasche.
She puts her billfold in her purse.
The dictionary's own example, unchanged. stecken = to put/stick · das Portemonnaie, -s = billfold/wallet · in + Akkusativ (motion into) = into. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Handtasche is the object of "in" here, showing motion/direction.
Dat Der Schlüssel liegt in der Handtasche.
The key is lying in the purse.
der Schlüssel, - = key. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" (location, no motion).
Nom Eine schwarze Handtasche liegt auf dem Stuhl.
A black purse is lying on the chair.
schwarz = black · der Stuhl, ü-e = chair. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Sie kauft eine neue Handtasche.
She buys a new purse.
"Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Das Geschäft bietet eine große Auswahl an den modischen Handtaschen.
The store offers a large selection of the fashionable purses.
das Geschäft, -e = store · die Auswahl an (+ Dativ) = selection of · modisch = fashionable. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Handtaschen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
das Handtuch — towel
Plural: die Handtücher (umlaut + "-er"). Built from "die Hand" (hand) + "das Tuch" (cloth).
Nom Das Handtuch hängt im Bad.
The towel hangs in the bathroom.
das Handtuch (neutral) = towel · hängen = to hang · das Bad, ä-er = bathroom. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Handtuch is the subject.
Akk Ich brauche das trockene Handtuch.
I need the dry towel.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the indefinite article ("ein trockenes Handtuch") — changed to "das" here to drill the definite Akkusativ, corrected from an OCR misread that dropped the "Ich" entirely. brauchen = to need · trocken = dry. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Handtuch is the direct object.
Dat Sie trocknet sich mit dem Handtuch ab.
She dries herself with the towel.
sich abtrocknen = to dry oneself off (separable). "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "mit."
Nom Ein weiches Handtuch liegt bereit.
A soft towel is lying ready.
weich = soft · bereit = ready. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Ich kaufe ein neues Handtuch.
I buy a new towel.
Neutral Akkusativ indefinite keeps the same form as Nominativ (ein → ein) — the same pattern as "das"/"das" for the definite article. The dictionary's own example used "trockenes" instead of "neues" ("Ich brauche ein trockenes Handtuch" = "I need a dry towel") — see the Akkusativ example above, where it's drilled with the definite article instead.
Dat Der Gast trocknet sich mit den frischen Handtüchern ab.
The guest dries off with the fresh towels.
der Gast, ä-e = guest · frisch = fresh. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Handtuch's plural takes an umlaut + "-er" (Handtuch → Handtücher), then adds "-n" (Handtücher → Handtüchern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
hassen — to hate
Regular weak verb: ich hasse, du hasst, er/sie/es hasst, wir hassen, ihr hasst, sie hassen (the source's own conjugation table came through OCR badly jumbled).
Ich hasse Regenwetter!
I hate rainy weather!
The dictionary's own example, unchanged. das Regenwetter = rainy weather.
Er hasst es, früh aufzustehen.
He hates getting up early.
früh = early · aufstehen = to get up (separable) · es hassen, ... zu ... = to hate doing something. "Hasst" — the du/er-form adds "-t" to the stem (regular weak conjugation).
hässlich — ugly
Headword corrected from the OCR-garbled "haftlich" → "hässlich." Opposite of "schön" (beautiful/nice).
Lila ist eine hässliche Farbe für ein Haus.
Purple is an ugly color for a house.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from an OCR digit/letter swap ("1st" → "ist") and a dropped umlaut, restored here as "für." lila = purple · die Farbe, -n = color. "Hässliche" — attributive ending "-e" after the indefinite article "eine" (feminin Nominativ).
die Hauptstadt — capital
Plural: die Hauptstädte (umlaut + "-e"). Built from "haupt-" (main/chief) + "die Stadt" (city) — literally "main city."
Nom Washington, D.C. ist die Hauptstadt der Vereinigten Staaten.
Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States.
The dictionary's own example, rejoined from a mid-sentence line wrap and corrected from an OCR letter-for-letter swap ("B.C." → "D.C."). die Vereinigten Staaten (Pl.) = the United States. Predicate nominative after "ist" — "Washington, D.C." is the subject, "die Hauptstadt" restates it in Nominativ.
Akk Touristen besuchen die Hauptstadt jedes Jahr.
Tourists visit the capital every year.
der Tourist, -en (weak noun) = tourist · besuchen = to visit. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Hauptstadt is the direct object here.
Dat Das Parlament sitzt in der Hauptstadt.
The parliament sits in the capital.
das Parlament, -e = parliament · sitzen = to sit/be located. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" (location, no motion).
Nom Eine Hauptstadt ist oft das politische Zentrum eines Landes.
A capital is often a country's political center.
politisch = political · das Zentrum, Zentren = center. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Das Land braucht eine neue Hauptstadt.
The country needs a new capital.
"Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ, the same pattern as "die"/"die" for the definite article.
Dat Der Geschichtslehrer spricht von den bekannten Hauptstädten Europas.
The history teacher talks about the well-known capitals of Europe.
der Geschichtslehrer, - = history teacher · bekannt = well-known. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Hauptstadt's plural takes an umlaut + "-e" (Hauptstadt → Hauptstädte), then adds "-n" (Hauptstädte → Hauptstädten) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.