German Student Dictionary — Part 30

Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Gesicht – Gitarre.

Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural

das Gesicht — face

Plural: die Gesichter (irregular -er plural; the root vowel "i" doesn't take an umlaut, unlike "das Buch → die Bücher"). The dictionary's own example is reused for the Akkusativ drill below, with "Morgens" lowercased (it's the adverb "morgens," not a capitalized noun) and the dropped "I" restored in the translation (OCR misread it as a stray slash).

Nom Das Gesicht zeigt viele Gefühle.

The face shows many feelings.

das Gesicht (neutral) = face · zeigen = to show · das Gefühl, -e = feeling. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gesicht is the subject.

Akk Ich wasche mir morgens das Gesicht.

I wash my face in the morning.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("Morgens" lowercased; the dropped "I" restored in the translation). waschen = to wash · sich (Dat) etwas waschen = to wash something of oneself. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).

Dat Man sieht ihm die Freude im Gesicht an.

You can see the joy on his face.

ansehen = to see/tell (separable; "jemandem etwas ansehen" = to see something in someone) · die Freude = joy. "Im" = in + dem (contraction) — neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "in."

Nom Ein Gesicht taucht plötzlich am Fenster auf.

A face suddenly appears at the window.

auftauchen = to appear (separable) · plötzlich = suddenly · das Fenster, - = window. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Der Künstler malt ein trauriges Gesicht.

The artist paints a sad face.

der Künstler, - = artist · malen = to paint · traurig = sad. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.

Dat Man erkennt eine Familie oft an den ähnlichen Gesichtern.

You can often recognize a family by their similar faces.

erkennen an = to recognize by (+ Dativ) · ähnlich = similar. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gesicht adds "-n" (Gesichter → Gesichtern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.

die Gesundheit — health

Usually used only in the singular, like "der Durst" or "der Appetit" — a plural (die Gesundheiten) exists only in rare, statistical/figurative use, e.g. comparing different groups' health. The dictionary's own example, corrected ("fur" → "für"), is reused for the Akkusativ drill below.

Nom Die Gesundheit ist das Wichtigste im Leben.

Health is the most important thing in life.

die Gesundheit (feminin) = health · wichtig = important · das Leben = life. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gesundheit is the subject.

Akk Gehen ist gut für die Gesundheit.

Walking is good for your health.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("fur" → "für"). gehen = to walk/go · für + Akkusativ = for. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gesundheit is the object of "für" here.

Dat Rauchen schadet der Gesundheit.

Smoking harms your health.

rauchen = to smoke · schaden = to harm (+ Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).

Nom Eine gute Gesundheit ist nicht selbstverständlich.

Good health is not a given.

selbstverständlich = a given/self-evident. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Man wünscht sich vor allem eine gute Gesundheit.

Above all, people wish for good health.

sich wünschen = to wish for (oneself) · vor allem = above all. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.

Dat Der Bericht widmet sich den Gesundheiten verschiedener Bevölkerungsgruppen.

The report is devoted to the health outcomes of different population groups.

sich widmen = to devote oneself to (+ Dativ) · die Bevölkerungsgruppe, -n = population group. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gesundheiten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-en" plural), so no further "-n" is added — a rare, mostly statistical plural, since "die Gesundheit" is normally used only in the singular.

das Getränk — beverage; drink

Plural: die Getränke. The dictionary's own example uses the indefinite article and is reused as-is for the indefinite Akkusativ drill below, corrected ("fur"/"Getrank"/"mochten" → "für"/"Getränk"/"möchten"). The bundled verb "trinken" (to drink) gets its own entry just below, with the dictionary's second example sentence.

Nom Das Getränk steht auf dem Tisch.

The beverage is on the table.

das Getränk (neutral) = beverage/drink · der Tisch, -e = table. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Getränk is the subject.

Akk Der Kellner bringt das Getränk schnell.

The waiter brings the beverage quickly.

der Kellner, - = waiter · bringen = to bring · schnell = quickly. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).

Dat Der Preis hängt von dem Getränk ab.

The price depends on the beverage.

abhängen von = to depend on (separable, + Dativ) · der Preis, -e = price. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).

Nom Ein kaltes Getränk wäre jetzt perfekt.

A cold beverage would be perfect right now.

kalt = cold · jetzt = now. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Was für ein Getränk möchten Sie?

What would you like for a beverage?

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("fur"/"Getrank"/"mochten" → "für"/"Getränk"/"möchten"). was für ein = what kind of · möchten = would like. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.

Dat Der Kellner kommt mit den verschiedenen Getränken.

The waiter comes with the various beverages.

verschieden = various/different. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Getränk adds "-n" (Getränke → Getränken) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.

trinken — to drink

Strong verb: trinken – trank – getrunken (Perfekt: hat getrunken). Unlike "essen" or "sprechen," the present tense has no stem-vowel change: ich trinke, du trinkst, er/sie/es trinkt, wir/sie/Sie trinken, ihr trinkt. Bundled with "Getränk" in the dictionary; the second of its two example sentences belongs here.

Willst du zu deinem Essen etwas trinken?

Do you want something to drink with your meal?

The dictionary's own example, unchanged (stray space before the question mark removed). wollen = to want · das Essen, - = meal/food.

Er trinkt jeden Morgen einen Kaffee.

He drinks a coffee every morning.

jeden Morgen = every morning · der Kaffee, -s = coffee. Regular present tense, er-form: trinkt.

das Gewehr — gun

Plural: die Gewehre. The dictionary's own example ("muB" corrected to "muss") demonstrates plural Dativ directly and is reused, with "den" added, in the last drill below.

Nom Das Gewehr liegt auf dem Tisch.

The gun lies on the table.

das Gewehr (neutral) = gun · liegen = to lie. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gewehr is the subject.

Akk Der Jäger lädt das Gewehr.

The hunter loads the gun.

der Jäger, - = hunter · laden = to load. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).

Dat Er zielt mit dem Gewehr auf die Zielscheibe.

He aims with the gun at the target.

zielen = to aim · die Zielscheibe, -n = target. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "mit."

Nom Ein Gewehr hängt an der Wand.

A gun hangs on the wall.

hängen = to hang · die Wand, ä-e = wall. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Der Museumswärter zeigt uns ein altes Gewehr.

The museum guard shows us an old gun.

der Museumswärter, - = museum guard · alt = old. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.

Dat Man muss mit den Gewehren vorsichtig sein.

You must be careful with the guns.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("muB" → "muss") and given the definite article for the drill. vorsichtig = careful. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gewehr adds "-n" (Gewehre → Gewehren) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.

gewinnen — to win

Strong verb: gewinnen – gewann – gewonnen (Perfekt: hat gewonnen), but the present tense has no stem-vowel change: ich gewinne, du gewinnst, er/sie/es gewinnt, wir/sie/Sie gewinnen, ihr gewinnt — the dictionary's own conjugation table was OCR-scrambled and is reconstructed here.

Ihr werdet oft gewinnen, wenn eure Mannschaft gut zusammenspielt.

You will win often if your team plays well together.

The dictionary's own example, unchanged. die Mannschaft, -en = team · zusammenspielen = to play together (separable).

Wer gewinnt das Spiel?

Who wins the game?

das Spiel, -e = game. Regular present tense, er/sie/es-form: gewinnt.

die Gewohnheit — habit; custom

Plural: die Gewohnheiten. Both of the dictionary's own examples are reused below: the first for the indefinite Nominativ drill, the second for the definite Akkusativ drill (both corrected: "friih" → "früh").

Nom Die Gewohnheit bestimmt oft unseren Alltag.

Habit often determines our everyday life.

die Gewohnheit (feminin) = habit/custom · bestimmen = to determine · der Alltag = everyday life. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gewohnheit is the subject.

Akk Er hat die Gewohnheit, ein Glas Milch zu trinken, ehe er ins Bett geht.

It's his custom to drink a glass of milk before bedtime.

The dictionary's own example, unchanged. ehe = before · ins Bett gehen = to go to bed. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gewohnheit is the direct object of "hat" here.

Dat Aus der Gewohnheit wird langsam ein festes Ritual.

Habit slowly turns into a fixed ritual.

aus + Dativ = from/out of · langsam = slowly · fest = fixed. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "aus."

Nom Es ist eine gute Gewohnheit, früh aufzustehen.

To get up early is a good habit.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("friih" → "früh"). aufstehen = to get up (separable). "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending; here as the predicate noun after "es ist."

Akk Er hat sich eine schlechte Gewohnheit angewöhnt.

He has picked up a bad habit.

sich etwas angewöhnen = to pick up/get into a habit · schlecht = bad. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.

Dat Man erkennt einen Menschen an seinen Gewohnheiten.

You can recognize a person by their habits.

erkennen an = to recognize by (+ Dativ) · der Mensch, -en (weak noun) = person. Plural Dativ: the article is "seinen" here (possessive, the same "-en" pattern as "den"); Gewohnheiten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-en" plural), so no further "-n" is added.

gewöhnlich — common; usual

Corrected from the OCR-garbled "gewdhnlich." Both of the dictionary's own examples are reused below, showing predicate use (no ending) and attributive use (with an ending after a possessive).

Diese Krankheit ist bei Kindern ziemlich gewöhnlich.

This disease is quite common in children.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("gewohnlich" → "gewöhnlich"). die Krankheit, -en = disease/illness · ziemlich = quite/rather. Predicate adjective after "ist" — no ending.

Dieses ist nicht mein gewöhnlicher Platz.

This isn't my usual seat.

The dictionary's own example, corrected ("gewohnlicher" → "gewöhnlicher"). der Platz, ä-e = seat/spot. "-er" ending — maskulin Nominativ after the possessive "mein" (mixed declension).

das Gift — poison

Plural: die Gifte. The dictionary's own example uses "Gift" without an article, typical for a mass noun in a general statement — adapted here to definite Akkusativ ("toten" corrected to "töten").

Nom Das Gift wirkt sehr schnell.

The poison acts very quickly.

das Gift (neutral) = poison · wirken = to act/take effect · schnell = quickly. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gift is the subject.

Akk Man benutzt das Gift, um die Ratten zu töten.

One uses the poison to kill the rats.

Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Man benutzt Gift, um Ratten zu töten"). benutzen = to use · die Ratte, -n = rat · töten = to kill. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).

Dat Der Arzt warnt vor dem Gift dieser Pflanze.

The doctor warns about the poison of this plant.

warnen vor = to warn about/of (+ Dativ) · die Pflanze, -n = plant. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).

Nom Ein starkes Gift tötet die Pflanze sofort.

A strong poison kills the plant instantly.

stark = strong · sofort = instantly. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."

Akk Der Gärtner mischt ein spezielles Gift gegen Insekten.

The gardener mixes a special poison against insects.

der Gärtner, - = gardener · mischen = to mix · das Insekt, -en = insect. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ.

Dat Die Forscher warnen vor den Giften mancher Pflanzen.

The researchers warn about the poisons of certain plants.

der Forscher, - = researcher · manch- = some/certain. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gift adds "-n" (Gifte → Giften) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.

die Giraffe — giraffe

Plural: die Giraffen. The dictionary's own example is plural without an article ("Giraffen haben sehr lange Halse") — adapted here to singular Nominativ for the drill ("Halse" corrected to "Hälse").

Nom Die Giraffe hat einen sehr langen Hals.

The giraffe has a very long neck.

Adapted from the dictionary's own example ("Giraffen haben sehr lange Hälse"). die Giraffe (feminin) = giraffe · der Hals, ä-e = neck. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Giraffe is the subject.

Akk Der Fotograf beobachtet die Giraffe lange.

The photographer watches the giraffe for a long time.

der Fotograf, -en = photographer · beobachten = to watch/observe. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Giraffe is the direct object of "beobachtet" here.

Dat Der Wärter nähert sich langsam der Giraffe.

The keeper slowly approaches the giraffe.

der Wärter, - = keeper · sich nähern = to approach (+ Dativ) · langsam = slowly. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).

Nom Eine Giraffe steht am Wasserloch.

A giraffe stands at the waterhole.

das Wasserloch, ö-er = waterhole. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Wir sahen eine Giraffe im Zoo.

We saw a giraffe at the zoo.

sehen = to see (Präteritum: sah) · der Zoo, -s = zoo. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.

Dat Der Pfleger bringt den Giraffen frisches Futter.

The keeper brings the giraffes fresh food.

der Pfleger, - = keeper/caretaker · bringen = to bring (+ Dativ for the recipient) · frisch = fresh · das Futter = food/feed. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Giraffen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.

die Gitarre — guitar

Plural: die Gitarren. The dictionary bundles the fixed phrase "Gitarre spielen" (to play the guitar — usually said without an article, like "Klavier spielen" or "Fußball spielen") right after this entry; it's worked into the Akkusativ example below, with the article added for the case drill.

Nom Die Gitarre klingt wunderschön.

The guitar sounds beautiful.

die Gitarre (feminin) = guitar · klingen = to sound · wunderschön = beautiful. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gitarre is the subject.

Akk Er lernt, die Gitarre zu spielen.

He is learning to play the guitar.

lernen = to learn · spielen = to play. Works in the dictionary's bundled phrase "Gitarre spielen" (usually article-free; the article is added here for the case drill). "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gitarre is the direct object of "spielen" here.

Dat Die Saiten an der Gitarre sind neu.

The strings on the guitar are new.

die Saite, -n = string · an + Dativ (fixed location) = on. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).

Nom Eine Gitarre steht in der Ecke.

A guitar stands in the corner.

die Ecke, -n = corner. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.

Akk Sie kauft sich eine Gitarre.

She buys herself a guitar.

kaufen = to buy. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.

Dat Der Lehrer übt mit den Gitarren seiner Schüler.

The teacher practices with his students' guitars.

üben = to practice · der Schüler, - = student/pupil. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gitarren already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.