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German Student Dictionary — Part 87
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: Welpe – wild.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
der Welpe — puppy
Plural: die Welpen. Weak noun — adds -n in every case except Nominativ singular: "den Welpen", "dem Welpen". The dictionary's own example — "Die Hündin hatte vier Welpen." (The dog had four puppies.) — shows the plural form but doesn't decline the word for a specific case, so it's cited here instead.
Nom Der Welpe ist verspielt.
The puppy is playful.
der Welpe (maskulin) = puppy · verspielt = playful. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ; weak nouns are unchanged only here.
Akk Wir adoptieren den Welpen.
We adopt the puppy.
adoptieren = to adopt. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den) — and, as a weak noun, Welpe also adds "-n" → Welpen.
Dat Ich gebe dem Welpen Wasser.
I give the puppy water.
geben = to give (+ Dativ for the recipient) · das Wasser = water. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem); weak noun adds "-n" here too.
Nom Ein Welpe spielt im Garten.
A puppy plays in the garden.
der Garten = garden. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ; weak noun still unchanged here.
Akk Sie kauft einen Welpen.
She buys a puppy.
kaufen = to buy. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — and Welpe adds "-n" (weak noun) → Welpen.
Dat Der Tierarzt hilft den Welpen.
The vet helps the puppies.
der Tierarzt = vet · helfen = to help (+ Dativ). Plural Dativ: article "den"; Welpen is already the weak-noun plural form.
die Welt — world
Plural: die Welten (used for "worlds" in a figurative or sci-fi sense — everyday German mostly treats "die Welt" as singular).
Nom Die Welt ist groß.
The world is big.
die Welt (feminin) = world · groß = big. "Die" — feminin Nominativ.
Akk Eines Tages möchte ich um die Welt reisen.
Someday I want to travel around the world.
The dictionary's own example. eines Tages = someday · reisen = to travel. "Um" always takes Akkusativ — "die" stays "die" (feminin unchanged).
Dat Ich lerne viel von der Welt.
I learn a lot from the world.
lernen = to learn · von = from (always Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine bessere Welt beginnt mit uns.
A better world begins with us.
besser = better · beginnen = to begin. "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ.
Akk Wir brauchen eine neue Welt.
We need a new world.
brauchen = to need. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite, unchanged.
Dat Science-Fiction-Autoren schreiben von den fremden Welten.
Science-fiction authors write about the foreign worlds.
der Autor = author · fremd = foreign · von = about/from (always Dativ). Plural Dativ: article "den"; Welt adds -en → Welten, already ending in -n.
der Weltraum — outer space
A unique, unbounded concept, like "der Himmel" — no natural plural and no indefinite-article use, so this drill sticks to the definite article only.
Nom Der Weltraum ist unendlich.
Outer space is infinite.
der Weltraum (maskulin) = outer space · unendlich = infinite. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ.
Akk Möchtest du eines Tages in den Weltraum fliegen?
Do you want to go into space one day?
The dictionary's own example. fliegen = to fly. "In" + Akkusativ for motion into — "den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Astronauten arbeiten in dem Weltraum.
Astronauts work in space.
der Astronaut = astronaut (weak noun) · arbeiten = to work. "In" + Dativ for a fixed location (no motion) — "dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
wenige — few
Declines like "viele" — takes weak plural endings (-e in Nominativ/Akkusativ, -n in Dativ) since it always describes a plural noun.
Es sind nur wenige Kekse übrig.
There are only a few cookies left.
The dictionary's own example. übrig = left over · der Keks = cookie.
weniger — less
The comparative of "wenig" — indeclinable, the same form before any noun (weniger Salz, weniger Zeit, weniger Äpfel).
Du solltest nächstes Mal etwas weniger Salz nehmen.
You should use a little less salt the next time.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "soil test nachstes Mai." sollen (Konjunktiv II: solltest) = should · das Salz = salt · nehmen = to take/use.
wenn — if; when
Sends the conjugated verb to the end of its clause, like all subordinating conjunctions.
Wenn ich nicht kommen kann, ruf ich dich an.
If I can't come, I'll call you.
The dictionary's own example. anrufen = to call (separable) — note "kann" is pushed to the end of the "wenn" clause.
wer — who
An interrogative pronoun that itself declines by case: wer (Nom), wen (Akk), wem (Dat) — this entry covers the Nominativ (subject) form.
Wer will Fußball spielen?
Who wants to play soccer?
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "FuBball." der Fußball = soccer · spielen = to play. "Wer" is the subject here — Nominativ.
die Werbung — advertising; publicity
Mass/abstract noun for advertising as a concept — this drill sticks to the definite article only. A single ad or commercial is "die Anzeige" or "der Werbespot."
Nom Die Werbung ist überall.
Advertising is everywhere.
die Werbung (feminin) = advertising · überall = everywhere. "Die" — feminin Nominativ.
Akk Die Firma hat für dieses Produkt viel Werbung gemacht.
The company had lots of publicity for this new product.
The dictionary's own example, with the OCR-dropped umlaut on "für" restored. die Firma = company · machen = to make/do. "Viel Werbung" — bare mass noun as Akkusativ direct object of "gemacht," no article needed.
Dat Man erkennt die Marke an der Werbung.
You recognize the brand by the advertising.
die Marke = brand · erkennen an = to recognize by (fixed combination, always + Dativ). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
werden — to become
Highly irregular verb: ich werde, du wirst, er/sie wird, wir werden, ihr werdet, sie werden. Also the auxiliary for the future tense (ich werde kommen) and the passive voice (es wird gemacht).
Dein Benehmen wird immer schlechter.
Your behavior is becoming worse and worse.
The dictionary's own example. das Benehmen = behavior · schlechter = worse.
Es wird kalt.
It's getting cold.
kalt = cold. "Werden" + adjective describes a change of state.
werfen — to throw
Stem-changing verb: ich werfe, du wirfst, er/sie wirft, wir werfen, ihr werft, sie werfen (e → i).
Wirf den Ball an die Wand.
Throw the ball against the wall.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Werf" (the stem-changing imperative is "wirf," not "werf"). der Ball = ball · die Wand = wall.
der Westen — west
A geographic direction, like "der Norden," "der Süden," and "der Osten" — no plural and no indefinite-article use in this sense.
Nom Der Westen ist bekannt für seine Küste.
The west is known for its coast.
der Westen (maskulin) = west · bekannt für = known for · die Küste = coast. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ.
Akk Wir bereisen den Westen.
We travel through the west.
bereisen = to travel through. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Kalifornien liegt in dem Westen der U.S.A.
California is in the west of the U.S.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example (contracted "im" → "in dem" to show the article clearly). liegen = to lie/be located. "In" + Dativ for a fixed location — "dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
das Wetter — weather
A mass noun like "das Klima" — no natural plural in everyday use and rarely takes an indefinite article, so this drill sticks to the definite article only.
Nom Wie ist das Wetter heute?
What is the weather like today?
The dictionary's own example. heute = today. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ; Wetter is the subject.
Akk Ich mag das Wetter hier.
I like the weather here.
mögen = to like. "Das" — neutrum Akkusativ, unchanged.
Dat Bei diesem Wetter bleiben wir zu Hause.
In this weather, we're staying home.
bei = in/at (always Dativ) · bleiben = to stay · zu Hause = at home. "Diesem" declines like "dem" — neutrum Dativ.
der Wettkampf — contest; competition
Plural: die Wettkämpfe (umlaut).
Nom Der Wettkampf ist spannend.
The contest is exciting.
der Wettkampf (maskulin) = contest · spannend = exciting. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ.
Akk Die Mannschaft gewinnt den Wettkampf.
The team wins the contest.
die Mannschaft = team · gewinnen = to win. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den).
Dat Ich habe den ersten Preis in dem Wettkampf gewonnen.
I won first prize in the contest.
Adapted from the dictionary's own example (contracted "im" → "in dem" to show the article clearly). der Preis = prize. "In" + Dativ for a fixed location — "dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein wichtiger Wettkampf steht bevor.
An important contest lies ahead.
wichtig = important · bevorstehen = to lie ahead (separable). "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ.
Akk Wir organisieren einen Wettkampf.
We organize a contest.
organisieren = to organize. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen).
Dat Es gibt viele Zuschauer bei den Wettkämpfen.
There are many spectators at the contests.
der Zuschauer = spectator · bei = at (always Dativ). Plural Dativ: article "den"; Wettkampf takes an umlaut (Wettkämpfe) and adds -n → Wettkämpfen.
wichtig — important
Regular adjective: ein wichtiger Punkt, eine wichtige Frage.
Es ist wichtig, dass du nicht versagst.
It's important that you do not fail.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "daB" → "dass." versagen = to fail.
wie — how; like
Bundled in the dictionary's paragraph, several fixed phrases built on "wie": Wie alt bist du? (How old are you?) · Wie bitte? (What did you say?, corrected from the OCR-joined "Wiebitte") · Wie geht's? (How are things?) · Wie weit ist...? (How far is...?) · Wie viel? (How much?, corrected from the older one-word spelling "Wieviel") · Wie viele? (How many?) · wissen, wie (to know how).
Jetzt verstehe ich, wie man das macht!
Now I understand how you do that!
The dictionary's own example. verstehen = to understand.
Ich liebe ihn wie einen Bruder.
I love him like a brother.
The dictionary's own example — here "wie" means "like/as" rather than "how." lieben = to love · der Bruder = brother.
wieder — again
"Nie wieder" (never again) is a fixed phrase built on this word, bundled in the dictionary's paragraph.
Besuchen Sie uns bitte wieder.
Please come to visit us again.
The dictionary's own example. besuchen = to visit. Formal imperative (Sie-form).
wiederholen — to repeat
Regular verb: ich wiederhole, du wiederholst, er/sie wiederholt.
Wiederholen Sie bitte, was Sie gesagt haben, aber etwas langsamer.
Please repeat what you said but more slowly.
The dictionary's own example. sagen = to say · langsam = slow. Formal imperative (Sie-form).
die Wiege — cradle
Plural: die Wiegen.
Nom Die Wiege ist alt.
The cradle is old.
die Wiege (feminin) = cradle · alt = old. "Die" — feminin Nominativ.
Akk Die Mutter legt ihr Kind in die Wiege.
The mother puts her baby in the cradle.
The dictionary's own example. legen = to put/lay · das Kind = child. "In" + Akkusativ for motion into — "die" stays "die" (feminin unchanged).
Dat Das Baby schläft in der Wiege.
The baby sleeps in the cradle.
schlafen = to sleep. "In" + Dativ for a fixed location — "der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine hölzerne Wiege steht im Zimmer.
A wooden cradle stands in the room.
hölzern = wooden · das Zimmer = room. "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ.
Akk Die Großeltern schenken eine Wiege.
The grandparents give a cradle as a gift.
die Großeltern = grandparents · schenken = to give (as a gift). "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite, unchanged.
Dat Die Kinder schlafen sicher in den Wiegen.
The children sleep safely in the cradles.
sicher = safely. Plural Dativ: article "den"; Wiege adds -n → Wiegen.
wiegen — to weigh
Irregular verb (Präteritum: wog, Partizip II: gewogen), though the present tense is regular: ich wiege, du wiegst, er/sie wiegt. "Das Gewicht" (weight, below) is bundled from this paragraph — a genuinely distinct, useful noun.
Der Lebensmittelhändler wiegt das Obst.
The grocer weighs the fruit.
The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Lebensmittelhandler." der Lebensmittelhändler = grocer · das Obst = fruit.
das Gewicht — weight
Bundled from the "wiegen" paragraph — a genuinely distinct, useful noun. Commonly used as an abstract/uncountable concept (like "die Größe" or "das Alter"), so this drill sticks to the definite article only.
Nom Das Gewicht ist wichtig für den Transport.
The weight is important for transport.
das Gewicht (neutrum) = weight · wichtig = important · der Transport = transport. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Der Arzt kontrolliert das Gewicht.
The doctor checks the weight.
der Arzt = doctor · kontrollieren = to check. "Das" — neutrum Akkusativ, unchanged.
Dat Der Preis hängt von dem Gewicht ab.
The price depends on the weight.
der Preis = price · abhängen von = to depend on (separable, always + Dativ). "Dem" because neutrum Dativ (das → dem).
wild — wild
Regular adjective: ein wildes Tier, eine wilde Landschaft.
Es gibt viele wilde Tiere im Dschungel.
There are many wild animals in the jungle.
The dictionary's own example. es gibt = there is/are · das Tier = animal · der Dschungel = jungle.