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German Student Dictionary — Part 81
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: verbringen – Verhandlung.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
verbringen (Zeit) — to spend (time)
Regular-looking present tense despite being built on the irregular verb "bringen": ich verbringe, du verbringst, er/sie verbringt. Simple past "verbrachte", Partizip II "verbracht" (like "brachte"/"gebracht").
Paul verbringt einen Monat im Sommerlager.
Paul spends a month at summer camp.
The dictionary's own example. der Monat = month · das Sommerlager = summer camp.
Wir verbringen den Urlaub am Meer.
We spend the vacation at the sea.
der Urlaub = vacation · das Meer = sea.
verdienen — to earn
Regular verb: ich verdiene, du verdienst, er/sie verdient.
Ich suche eine Arbeit, um Geld zu verdienen.
I am looking for a job to earn money.
The dictionary's own example. die Arbeit = job/work · das Geld = money.
Er verdient gut als Ingenieur.
He earns well as an engineer.
der Ingenieur = engineer.
vereinigen; vereinen — to unite
Regular verb: ich vereinige, du vereinigst, er/sie vereinigt. "Vereinen" is a near-synonym with its own regular conjugation (ich vereine, du vereinst, er/sie vereint) — note that its Partizip II, "vereint", looks identical to the adjective below.
Der Vertrag vereinigt die zwei Länder.
The treaty unites the two countries.
der Vertrag = treaty · das Land = country.
Die Firmen vereinigen ihre Kräfte.
The companies unite their strengths.
die Firma = company · die Kraft = strength/force.
vereinigt; vereint — united
The past participle of "vereinigen"/"vereinen" used as an adjective. Regular endings: ein vereinigtes Land, eine vereinte Nation.
Wir sind vereint in unserem Wunsch nach Frieden.
We are united in our desire for peace.
The dictionary's own example. der Wunsch = wish/desire · der Frieden = peace.
Die vereinigten Kräfte gewinnen den Wettkampf.
The united/combined forces win the competition.
die Kraft = force/strength · der Wettkampf = competition.
die Vereinigten Staaten — the United States
Grammatically plural, like "die Niederlande" (an earlier part): always takes "die" and plural verb agreement — "die Vereinigten Staaten sind", never "ist". The attributive adjective "Vereinigte" keeps its weak plural ending "-en" ("Vereinigten") in every case, because it always follows a definite article. Dativ plural: in den Vereinigten Staaten — "Staaten" already ends in -n, so no extra ending is added.
Nom Die Vereinigten Staaten liegen in Nordamerika.
The United States is in North America.
liegen = to lie/be situated · Nordamerika = North America. "Die" — Nominativ plural; the verb is plural ("liegen") because the name is grammatically plural.
Akk Sie besuchen die Vereinigten Staaten im Herbst.
They are visiting the United States in the fall.
besuchen = to visit · der Herbst = fall/autumn. "Die" stays "die" — the article never distinguishes Nominativ from Akkusativ in the plural.
Dat Meine Familie wohnt in den Vereinigten Staaten.
My family lives in the United States.
The dictionary's own example. die Familie = family · wohnen = to live/reside. "Den" — Dativ plural; "Staaten" already ends in -n, so no extra ending is added.
die Vereinten Nationen — the United Nations
Grammatically plural, like "die Vereinigten Staaten" above — always "die" plus plural verb agreement. Usually abbreviated "die UN" or "die UNO" in everyday speech.
Nom Die Vereinten Nationen tagen in New York.
The United Nations meets in New York.
tagen = to meet/be in session. "Die" — Nominativ plural; the verb is plural ("tagen") because the name is grammatically plural.
Akk Viele Länder unterstützen die Vereinten Nationen.
Many countries support the United Nations.
das Land = country · unterstützen = to support. "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ.
Dat Der Botschafter arbeitet bei den Vereinten Nationen.
The ambassador works at the United Nations.
der Botschafter = ambassador · bei = at (+ Dativ). "Den" — Dativ plural; "Nationen" already ends in -n, so no extra ending is added.
die Vergangenheit — past
An abstract, normally uncountable noun, like "die Zukunft" (the future) — this drill sticks to the definite article only. "In der Vergangenheit" = "in the past" is a very common fixed phrase.
Nom Die Vergangenheit lässt sich nicht ändern.
The past cannot be changed.
die Vergangenheit (feminin) = past · ändern = to change · sich lassen + infinitive = can be (done). "Die" — feminin Nominativ.
Akk Wir vergessen die Vergangenheit nicht.
We do not forget the past.
vergessen = to forget (see below). "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ.
Dat In der Vergangenheit bin ich oft mit dem Zug nach Berlin gefahren.
In the past, I often went to Berlin by train.
The dictionary's own example. der Zug = train · fahren = to go/travel (by vehicle). "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" — a fixed time expression.
vergessen — to forget
Irregular verb (stem change e → i, like "essen"): ich vergesse, du vergisst, er/sie vergisst.
Vergiss nicht, deine Hausaufgabe zu machen!
Don't forget to do your homework!
The dictionary's own example (imperative). die Hausaufgabe = homework.
Ich vergesse oft meinen Schlüssel.
I often forget my key.
der Schlüssel = key.
sich vergnügen — to enjoy oneself / have a good time
Almost always reflexive, like "sich amüsieren" (an earlier part): sich vergnügen = "to have a good time." Fixed phrase: "mit Vergnügen!" = "with pleasure!" (an enthusiastic yes to a request).
Wir vergnügen uns am Strand.
We have a good time at the beach.
The dictionary's own example. der Strand = beach. Reflexive verb — "uns" agrees with the plural subject "wir."
das Vergnügen — pleasure
Plural: die Vergnügen (unchanged) — used in phrases like "die kleinen Vergnügen des Lebens" (the small pleasures of life). Fixed phrase "zum Vergnügen" = "for fun", bundled from the same dictionary paragraph as "sich vergnügen" above.
Nom Das Vergnügen ist kurz.
The pleasure is brief.
das Vergnügen (neutrum) = pleasure · kurz = brief/short. "Das" — neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Ich genieße das Vergnügen in vollen Zügen.
I enjoy the pleasure to the fullest.
genießen = to enjoy · in vollen Zügen = to the fullest (fixed phrase). "Das" — neutrum Akkusativ, unchanged.
Dat Er widmet sich ganz dem Vergnügen.
He devotes himself entirely to pleasure.
sich widmen = to devote oneself to (+ Dativ). "Dem" because neutrum Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Es ist mir ein besonderes Vergnügen, sie kennenzulernen.
It is a special pleasure for me to meet them.
The dictionary's own example. kennenlernen = to meet/get to know (separable). "Ein" — no ending before neutrum Nominativ.
Akk Das Konzert bereitet mir ein großes Vergnügen.
The concert gives me great pleasure.
bereiten = to give/prepare (here: "jemandem ein Vergnügen bereiten" = to give someone pleasure). "Ein" — neutrum Akkusativ indefinite, unchanged.
Dat Ich genieße das Leben mit seinen kleinen Vergnügen.
I enjoy life with its small pleasures.
das Leben = life · mit = with (+ Dativ). Plural Dativ: Vergnügen already ends in -n, unchanged.
verhaften — to arrest
Regular verb: ich verhafte, du verhaftest, er/sie verhaftet (extra -e- before the ending because the stem ends in -t).
Der Polizist verhaftet den Verbrecher.
The policeman arrests the criminal.
The dictionary's own example. der Polizist = policeman · der Verbrecher = criminal.
Die Polizei verhaftet zwei Diebe.
The police arrest two thieves.
die Polizei = police · der Dieb = thief.
die Verhandlung — trial
Plural: die Verhandlungen. Can mean a courtroom "trial/hearing" (this dictionary's sense) or a business/diplomatic "negotiation", depending on context.
Nom Die Verhandlung beginnt um neun Uhr.
The trial begins at nine o'clock.
die Verhandlung (feminin) = trial/hearing · beginnen = to begin. "Die" — feminin Nominativ.
Akk Der Richter legte die Verhandlung für den 8. November fest.
The judge scheduled the trial for November 8th.
The dictionary's own example (its translation was cut off in the source; supplied here). der Richter = judge · festlegen = to schedule/set (separable). "Die" stays "die" in Akkusativ.
Dat Nach der Verhandlung verlässt der Zeuge den Gerichtssaal.
After the trial, the witness leaves the courtroom.
nach = after (+ Dativ) · der Zeuge = witness · der Gerichtssaal = courtroom. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine wichtige Verhandlung findet heute statt.
An important trial takes place today.
wichtig = important · stattfinden = to take place (separable). "Eine" — no ending before feminin Nominativ.
Akk Der Anwalt führt eine schwierige Verhandlung.
The lawyer conducts a difficult trial.
der Anwalt = lawyer · führen = to conduct/lead. "Eine" — feminin Akkusativ indefinite, unchanged.
Dat Der Richter ist müde von den vielen Verhandlungen.
The judge is tired from the many trials.
müde von = tired from (+ Dativ). Plural Dativ: article "den"; Verhandlung's plural "Verhandlungen" already ends in -n, unchanged.