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German Student Dictionary — Part 29
Dictionary entries, alphabetical: gemein – Gesetz.
Maskulin Feminin Neutrum Plural
gemein — mean
Predicate adjective, unmarked for gender/case when used after "sein" (as opposed to before a noun, where it would take endings: "ein gemeiner Mensch"). Don't confuse with "gemeinsam" (together/shared) or "die Gemeinde" (community) — related root, different meaning.
Der Junge war seiner Schwester gegenüber gemein.
The boy was mean to his sister.
gemein = mean · gegenüber + Dativ = towards/to (when following its noun) · die Schwester, -n = sister. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "gegeniiber" to "gegenüber."
Sei nicht so gemein zu deinem Bruder!
Don't be so mean to your brother!
zu + Dativ = to(wards) · der Bruder, ü- = brother. Imperative du-form: "sei" (be).
das Gemüse — vegetable
Plural: die Gemüse (unchanged) — but this is a rare, technical form (used mainly in agricultural/culinary writing to mean "varieties of vegetables"); everyday German treats "Gemüse" as an uncountable mass noun, the same way English "produce" usually stays singular.
Nom Das Gemüse ist frisch vom Markt.
The vegetables are fresh from the market.
das Gemüse (neutral) = vegetable(s) · frisch = fresh · der Markt, ä-e = market. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gemüse is the subject.
Akk Welches Gemüse isst du am liebsten?
Which vegetables do you like best?
welches = which (declines like "das") · am liebsten = the most/best of all. "Welches" is neutral Akkusativ here, the direct object of "isst" — same ending pattern as "das." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Gemxise" and "iBt" to "Gemüse" and "isst."
Dat Der Koch kocht mit dem Gemüse aus dem Garten.
The cook cooks with the vegetables from the garden.
kochen = to cook · mit + Dativ = with · der Garten, ä- = garden. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem) after "mit."
Nom Ein grünes Gemüse liegt auf dem Tisch.
A green vegetable is lying on the table.
grün = green · der Tisch, -e = table. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Er probiert ein neues Gemüse.
He's trying a new vegetable.
probieren = to try. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Der Salat besteht aus verschiedenen Gemüsen.
The salad consists of various vegetables.
bestehen aus + Dativ = to consist of · verschieden = various. Plural Dativ: the article/ending pattern is "-en", and Gemüse adds "-n" (Gemüse → Gemüsen) since the plural already ends in -e, not -n or -s.
genug — enough
Invariable — "genug" never takes an ending, whether it comes before or after the noun it quantifies ("genug Zeit" or "Zeit genug"). Don't confuse with "genau" (exact/precise), a common near-miss for learners.
Danke, ich habe genug zu essen gehabt.
Thank you, I have had enough to eat.
genug = enough · essen = to eat. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Wir haben genug Zeit für die Prüfung.
We have enough time for the exam.
die Zeit = time · die Prüfung, -en = exam. "Genug" comes directly before the noun it quantifies with no ending, unlike a normal adjective.
die Geographie — geography
Plural: die Geographien (rare — used for "distinct geographies/regional characteristics," e.g. in academic writing). In everyday speech Germans often drop the article for school subjects, as in the dictionary's own example below.
Nom Die Geographie interessiert mich sehr.
Geography interests me a lot.
die Geographie (feminin) = geography · interessieren = to interest. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Geographie is the subject.
Akk Ich studiere die Geographie an der Universität.
I study geography at the university.
studieren = to study (a subject) · die Universität, -en = university. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Geographie is the direct object here.
Dat Ich lernte etwas über Landkarten in der Geographieklasse.
I learned about maps in geography class.
die Landkarte, -n = map · die Geographieklasse = geography class, built from "die Geographie" + "die Klasse." "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) after "in" (fixed location). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "iiber" to "über" and the garbled leading "/" to "Ich."
Nom Eine neue Geographie des Landes wird erforscht.
A new geography of the country is being researched.
erforschen = to research · das Land, ä-er = country. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die." Geographie remains the subject even in this passive sentence.
Akk Die Schüler lernen eine grundlegende Geographie Europas.
The students learn a basic geography of Europe.
grundlegend = basic/fundamental · der Schüler, - = student/pupil. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.
Dat Historiker beschäftigen sich mit den Geographien verschiedener Kontinente.
Historians deal with the geographies of different continents.
sich beschäftigen mit + Dativ = to deal/engage with · der Kontinent, -e = continent. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Geographien already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
die Geometrie — geometry
Plural: die Geometrien (used for "distinct systems of geometry," e.g. "nicht-euklidische Geometrien" in math/physics). Like most school-subject names, "Geometrie" is often used bare, without any article, in everyday speech — see the dictionary's own example below.
Nom Die Geometrie beschäftigt sich mit Formen und Räumen.
Geometry deals with shapes and spaces.
die Geometrie (feminin) = geometry · sich beschäftigen mit = to deal with · die Form, -en = shape · der Raum, ä-e = space. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Geometrie is the subject.
Akk Ich mag Geometrie lieber als Algebra.
I like geometry better than algebra.
mögen = to like · lieber = rather/better · die Algebra = algebra. No article here — Geometrie is used bare as a school-subject name, the same colloquial pattern as "Mathe" or "Deutsch." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled leading "7" to "I" in the English translation.
Dat Der Lehrer widmet sich der Geometrie besonders gern.
The teacher especially enjoys focusing on geometry.
sich widmen + Dativ = to devote oneself to · besonders = especially. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der) — here shown with the full article, unlike the bare colloquial form above.
Nom Eine nicht-euklidische Geometrie beschreibt gekrümmte Räume.
A non-Euclidean geometry describes curved spaces.
beschreiben = to describe · gekrümmt = curved. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, no extra ending.
Akk Der Professor erklärt eine komplexe Geometrie.
The professor explains a complex geometry.
erklären = to explain · komplex = complex. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.
Dat Physiker arbeiten mit verschiedenen Geometrien der Raumzeit.
Physicists work with various geometries of spacetime.
der Physiker, - = physicist · die Raumzeit = spacetime. Plural Dativ: the ending is "-en"; Geometrien already ends in "-n" (from its own "-n" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
das Gepäck — luggage; baggage
Plural: die Gepäcke — a rare, mostly formal form, since "Gepäck" (like "Geld" or "Obst") is normally treated as an uncountable mass noun in everyday speech; when you need to count individual items, German usually says "die Gepäckstücke" (pieces of luggage) instead.
Nom Das Gepäck ist sehr schwer.
The luggage is very heavy.
das Gepäck (neutral) = luggage/baggage · schwer = heavy. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gepäck is the subject.
Akk Sie trugen ihr Gepäck in das Hotel.
They carried their baggage into the hotel.
tragen = to carry · das Hotel, -s = hotel. "Ihr" (their) is a possessive article behaving like "das" here — neutral Akkusativ possessive, unchanged from Nominativ. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Gepack" to "Gepäck."
Dat Der Zoll fragt nach dem Gepäck der Passagiere.
Customs asks about the passengers' luggage.
der Zoll = customs · fragen nach + Dativ = to ask about · der Passagier, -e = passenger. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein schweres Gepäck steht am Gate.
A heavy piece of luggage is standing at the gate.
das Gate, -s = gate. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Wir suchen ein verlorenes Gepäck.
We're looking for a lost piece of luggage.
suchen = to look for · verloren = lost. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Der Zoll widmet sich besonders den Gepäcken internationaler Reisender.
Customs pays special attention to the luggage of international travelers.
sich widmen + Dativ = to devote attention to · international = international · der/die Reisende, -n = traveler. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gepäck adds "-n" (Gepäcke → Gepäcken) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s — a rare form flagged above in the help note.
gerade — direct; just; straight
Double-duty word: as an adjective it means "straight/direct" (eine gerade Linie); as an adverb it means "just (now)" (ich bin gerade fertig). The dictionary marks it "adj.; adv." for exactly this reason.
Er zeichnete eine gerade Linie.
He drew a straight line.
gerade (adjective here) = straight · zeichnen = to draw · die Linie, -n = line. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Wir kommen gerade an.
We're just now arriving.
gerade (adverb here) = just (now) · ankommen = to arrive (separable). No ending at all in this use — "gerade" as an adverb never declines.
gernhaben, er hat gern — to like
Usually written as two words in modern German ("etwas/jemanden gern haben"), even though this dictionary fuses it as one entry. Conjugates entirely on "haben" (ich habe gern, du hast gern, er/sie hat gern) — "gern" itself never changes.
Wir haben gern jeden Abend Nachtisch.
We like having dessert every night.
gernhaben = to like · der Nachtisch, -e = dessert · jeden Abend = every evening. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Ich habe dich sehr gern.
I like you a lot.
sehr = very/a lot. A common, warm way to say you're fond of someone without going as far as "ich liebe dich" (I love you).
das Geschäft — business
Plural: die Geschäfte. Also commonly means "shop/store" in everyday speech (ein Geschäft = a store), alongside the "business" sense used in the dictionary's own example below. Fixed phrase: Geschäfte machen = "to do business."
Nom Das Geschäft läuft gut.
The business is going well.
das Geschäft (neutral) = business · laufen = to run/go (of things). "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Geschäft is the subject.
Akk Er führt das Geschäft seit zehn Jahren.
He has run the business for ten years.
führen = to run/lead · seit + Dativ = since/for. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Sie ist mit dem Geschäft zufrieden.
She is satisfied with the business.
zufrieden sein mit + Dativ = to be satisfied with. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein neues Geschäft eröffnet nächste Woche.
A new business opens next week.
eröffnen = to open. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Dieser Laden hat im Sommer ein gutes Geschäft.
This store does good business in the summer.
der Laden, ä- = store · der Sommer, - = summer. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Geschaft" to "Geschäft."
Dat Die Stadt hilft den kleinen Geschäften in der Krise.
The city helps small businesses in the crisis.
helfen + Dativ = to help · die Krise, -n = crisis. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Geschäft adds "-n" (Geschäfte → Geschäften) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Geschäftsfrau — businesswoman
Plural: die Geschäftsfrauen. Masculine counterpart: der Geschäftsmann (see below) — both built from "das Geschäft" (business) + "die Frau"/"der Mann." Bundled with "Geschäft" and "Geschäftsmann" in the dictionary's own entry, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Geschaftsfrau."
Nom Die Geschäftsfrau arbeitet hart.
The businesswoman works hard.
die Geschäftsfrau (feminin) = businesswoman · hart = hard. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Geschäftsfrau is the subject.
Akk Ich bewundere die Geschäftsfrau sehr.
I admire the businesswoman a lot.
bewundern = to admire. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Geschäftsfrau is the direct object here.
Dat Der Erfolg gehört der Geschäftsfrau allein.
The success belongs to the businesswoman alone.
gehören + Dativ = to belong to · der Erfolg, -e = success · allein = alone. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine kluge Geschäftsfrau plant jeden Schritt.
A smart businesswoman plans every step.
klug = smart/clever · planen = to plan · der Schritt, -e = step. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Wir stellen eine erfahrene Geschäftsfrau ein.
We're hiring an experienced businesswoman.
einstellen = to hire (separable) · erfahren = experienced. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.
Dat Der Preis wird den besten Geschäftsfrauen des Jahres verliehen.
The award is given to the best businesswomen of the year.
verleihen + Dativ = to award/present (to). Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Geschäftsfrauen already ends in "-n" (from its own "-en" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
der Geschäftsmann — businessman
Irregular plural: die Geschäftsleute (not "Geschäftsmänner") — "-mann" compounds meaning "person in an occupation" typically pluralize with "-leute," the same pattern as "der Kaufmann" → "die Kaufleute." Feminine counterpart: die Geschäftsfrau (above). Bundled with "Geschäft" and "Geschäftsfrau" in the dictionary's own entry, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Geschaftsmann."
Nom Der Geschäftsmann reist viel.
The businessman travels a lot.
der Geschäftsmann, Geschäftsleute (maskulin) = businessman · reisen = to travel. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Geschäftsmann is the subject.
Akk Ich kenne diesen Geschäftsmann gut.
I know this businessman well.
kennen = to know. "Diesen" — maskulin Akkusativ, same der → den pattern as the definite article. Geschäftsmann is the direct object.
Dat Sie hilft dem Geschäftsmann bei der Planung.
She helps the businessman with the planning.
helfen + Dativ = to help · die Planung, -en = planning. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein erfolgreicher Geschäftsmann eröffnet ein neues Büro.
A successful businessman opens a new office.
erfolgreich = successful · das Büro, -s = office. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Wir treffen einen wichtigen Geschäftsmann.
We're meeting an important businessman.
treffen = to meet · wichtig = important. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Empfang gilt den Geschäftsleuten aus Amerika.
The reception is for the businessmen from America.
gelten + Dativ = to be meant for/apply to · der Empfang, ä-e = reception. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; the irregular plural "Geschäftsleute" adds "-n" (Geschäftsleute → Geschäftsleuten) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
geschehen — to happen
Stem-changing, always third person (things "happen," they don't do the happening themselves): es geschieht, es geschah, es ist geschehen. Close synonym of "passieren."
Ich weiß nicht, was geschah, nachdem ich gegangen war.
I don't know what happened after I had left.
geschehen = to happen · geschah = Präteritum, geschehen-form · nachdem = after (subordinating conjunction). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "weiB" to "weiß."
Was ist hier geschehen?
What happened here?
ist geschehen = Perfekt tense, using "sein" as the auxiliary — like most verbs describing an event or change of state.
das Geschenk — gift; present
Plural: die Geschenke. The dictionary's own entry includes two bonus sentences about German gift customs: "Man bekommt Geschenke an seinem Geburtstag" (you get gifts on your birthday) and "Schaut euch nur alle die Geschenke unter dem Weihnachtsbaum an!" (look at all the presents under the Christmas tree!) — both plural, so they're not reused as case-drills below, but they're worth knowing as vocabulary.
Nom Das Geschenk ist wunderschön verpackt.
The gift is beautifully wrapped.
das Geschenk (neutral) = gift/present · wunderschön = beautiful · verpacken = to wrap. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Geschenk is the subject.
Akk Ich öffne das Geschenk sofort.
I open the gift right away.
öffnen = to open · sofort = right away. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das).
Dat Sie legt eine Karte zu dem Geschenk.
She adds a card to the gift.
legen = to lay/put · zu + Dativ = to/along with · die Karte, -n = card. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein teures Geschenk liegt auf dem Tisch.
An expensive gift is lying on the table.
teuer = expensive. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Wir kaufen ein schönes Geschenk für die Hochzeit.
We're buying a beautiful gift for the wedding.
kaufen = to buy · die Hochzeit, -en = wedding. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Die Kinder spielen schon mit den neuen Geschenken.
The children are already playing with their new gifts.
schon = already. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Geschenk adds "-n" (Geschenke → Geschenken) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Geschichte — history; tale; story
Plural: die Geschichten. Covers three related senses: "history" (as a field of study, usually singular/uncountable), and "tale/story" (fully countable, hence the plural drill below). Built from "geschehen" (to happen) — literally "that which happened."
Nom Die Geschichte der Menschheit ist faszinierend.
The history of mankind is fascinating.
die Geschichte (feminin) = history/story · die Menschheit = mankind · faszinierend = fascinating. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Geschichte is the subject. The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Akk Erzähl mir die Geschichte, wie du sie kennengelernt hast.
Tell me the story of how you met her.
erzählen = to tell · kennenlernen = to meet/get to know (separable). "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Geschichte is the direct object here. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Erzahl" to "Erzähl."
Dat Die Kinder lauschen der spannenden Geschichte.
The children listen intently to the exciting story.
lauschen + Dativ = to listen intently (to) · spannend = exciting/suspenseful. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der).
Nom Eine alte Geschichte erzählt von einem Drachen.
An old story tells of a dragon.
erzählen von + Dativ = to tell of · der Drache, -n (schwach) = dragon. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Er schreibt eine neue Geschichte für das Magazin.
He's writing a new story for the magazine.
schreiben = to write · das Magazin, -e = magazine. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.
Dat Großmutter unterhielt die Kinder mit ihren Geschichten von anno dazumal.
Grandma entertained the children with her tales of long ago.
die Großmutter, ü- = grandmother · unterhalten = to entertain · anno dazumal = long ago/in days gone by. Plural Dativ: "ihren Geschichten" — Geschichten already ends in "-n" (from its own "-en" plural), so no further "-n" is added. The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "Grofimutter" to "Großmutter."
das Geschirr — dishes
Plural: die Geschirre — used specifically when talking about distinct sets/services of dishes; in the everyday "washing up" sense, "Geschirr" is treated as uncountable, the way English "dishes"/"crockery" often is.
Nom Das Geschirr steht im Schrank.
The dishes are in the cupboard.
das Geschirr (neutral) = dishes · stehen = to stand/be (of objects) · der Schrank, ä-e = cupboard. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Geschirr is the subject.
Akk Bitte stell das Geschirr in den Schrank.
Please put the dishes in the cupboard.
stellen = to put/place (upright). Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das). The dictionary's own example, corrected from the mistranslated "Please puts" to "Please put."
Dat Auf dem Geschirr sind schöne Blumenmuster.
On the dishes there are pretty flower patterns.
auf + Dativ (fixed location) = on · das Blumenmuster, - = flower pattern. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein hübsches Geschirr steht im Schrank.
A pretty set of dishes stands in the cupboard.
hübsch = pretty. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das." Here "ein Geschirr" means one whole dinnerware set, not a single plate.
Akk Wir kaufen ein neues Geschirr für die Küche.
We're buying a new set of dishes for the kitchen.
kaufen = to buy · die Küche, -n = kitchen. Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Der Laden handelt mit feinen Geschirren aus Porzellan.
The shop trades in fine porcelain dinnerware sets.
handeln mit + Dativ = to trade in · das Porzellan = porcelain. Plural Dativ: the ending is "-en", and Geschirre adds "-n" (Geschirre → Geschirren) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s — this countable "sets" plural, flagged in the help note above.
der Geschmack — flavor
Plural: die Geschmäcker (umlaut), used in the well-known saying "Über Geschmäcker lässt sich streiten" (tastes/opinions differ, literally "one can argue about tastes"). The more formal plural "Geschmäcke" also exists.
Nom Der Geschmack ist wirklich lecker.
The taste is really delicious.
der Geschmack, ä-er (maskulin) = flavor/taste · lecker = delicious. "Der" — maskulin Nominativ. Geschmack is the subject.
Akk Diese Suppe hat den Geschmack von Zwiebeln.
This soup has the flavor of onions.
die Suppe, -n = soup · die Zwiebel, -n = onion. "Den" because maskulin Akkusativ (der → den). Geschmack is the direct object of "hat." The dictionary's own example, unchanged.
Dat Der Koch passt die Würze dem Geschmack der Gäste an.
The chef adjusts the seasoning to the guests' taste.
anpassen + Dativ (separable) = to adjust to · die Würze = seasoning · der Gast, ä-e = guest. "Dem" because maskulin Dativ (der → dem).
Nom Ein süßer Geschmack bleibt im Mund.
A sweet taste lingers in the mouth.
süß = sweet · bleiben = to remain/linger · der Mund, ü-er = mouth. "Ein" — no ending before maskulin Nominativ, same as "der."
Akk Der Wein hat einen kräftigen Geschmack.
The wine has a strong flavor.
der Wein, -e = wine · kräftig = strong/robust. "Einen" because maskulin Akkusativ indefinite (ein → einen) — mirrors der → den.
Dat Der Küchenchef experimentiert mit neuen Geschmäckern.
The head chef experiments with new flavors.
der Küchenchef, -s = head chef · experimentieren mit + Dativ = to experiment with. Plural Dativ: the ending is "-n"; Geschmäcker (umlaut plural) adds "-n" (Geschmäcker → Geschmäckern) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.
die Gesellschaft — company
Plural: die Gesellschaften. Also means "society" in the broader sense (die Gesellschaft = society at large), alongside the business sense ("company/firm") used here.
Nom Die Gesellschaft wächst schnell.
The company is growing fast.
die Gesellschaft (feminin) = company · wachsen = to grow · schnell = fast. "Die" — feminin Nominativ. Gesellschaft is the subject.
Akk Er gründete die Gesellschaft vor zehn Jahren.
He founded the company ten years ago.
gründen = to found. "Die" stays "die" — feminine Nominativ and Akkusativ are identical; Gesellschaft is the direct object here.
Dat Mein Vater arbeitet bei der großen Gesellschaft.
My father works for the large company.
bei + Dativ = at/for (a workplace) · groß = large. "Der" because feminin Dativ (die → der). Adapted from the dictionary's own example, which used the indefinite "einer großen Gesellschaft" — swapped to the definite article here since the indefinite slot below skips Dativ, and corrected from the OCR-garbled "grofien" to "großen."
Nom Eine internationale Gesellschaft eröffnet ein Büro in Berlin.
An international company is opening an office in Berlin.
international = international · das Büro, -s = office. "Eine" — feminin Nominativ indefinite, same pattern as "die."
Akk Sie gründen eine neue Gesellschaft.
They're founding a new company.
gründen = to found. "Eine" stays "eine" in Akkusativ — feminine indefinite is unchanged from Nominativ.
Dat Der Staat hilft den kleinen Gesellschaften in der Krise.
The state helps small companies in the crisis.
der Staat, -en = state · die Krise, -n = crisis. Plural Dativ: the article is "den"; Gesellschaften already ends in "-n" (from its own "-en" plural), so no further "-n" is added.
das Gesetz — law
Plural: die Gesetze. The dictionary's own example sentence for this entry was split across a page break in the source and completes with "Man muss das Gesetz befolgen" ("You must obey the law") — reused below, corrected from the OCR-garbled "muJ3" to "muss."
Nom Das Gesetz gilt für alle.
The law applies to everyone.
das Gesetz (neutral) = law · gelten für = to apply to. "Das" — neutral Nominativ. Gesetz is the subject.
Akk Man muss das Gesetz befolgen.
You must obey the law.
müssen = must/to have to · befolgen = to obey/follow. Neutral Akkusativ keeps the same form as Nominativ (das → das); Gesetz is the direct object of "befolgen." The dictionary's own example, corrected from the OCR-garbled "muJ3" to "muss."
Dat Nach dem Gesetz ist das verboten.
According to the law, that's forbidden.
nach + Dativ = according to · verboten = forbidden. "Dem" because neutral Dativ (das → dem).
Nom Ein neues Gesetz tritt im Januar in Kraft.
A new law takes effect in January.
in Kraft treten = to take effect · der Januar = January. "Ein" — no ending before neutral Nominativ, same as "das."
Akk Der Bundestag verabschiedet ein wichtiges Gesetz.
Parliament passes an important law.
der Bundestag = (German) parliament · verabschieden = to pass (legislation). Neutral Akkusativ indefinite looks identical to Nominativ — the article never changes for neuter nouns between these two cases.
Dat Die Bürger orientieren sich an den neuen Gesetzen.
Citizens follow the new laws.
der Bürger, - = citizen · sich orientieren an + Dativ = to be guided by/follow. Plural Dativ: the article is "den", and Gesetz adds "-n" (Gesetze → Gesetzen) since it doesn't already end in -n or -s.